Composing Haiku Poetry

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Ngày cập nhật gần nhất: 15/4/2026

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Composing Haiku Poetry, Short 1

Exploring the Poem Duo, Short 2

Exploring the Poem Duo, Short 3

Haiku is an extremely unique traditional poetry genre of Japan, let's explore the value of content and artistry of this poetry genre through the composition of Haiku Poetry on page 155 of the Grade 10 Literature Textbook, Volume 1, with the concise and poignant verses of the poet Basho, writing about nature, people in Japanese society at that time.

Article Contents:
1. Composition 1
2. Composition 2
3. Composition 3

Composing Haiku Poetry

Composing Haiku Poetry, Short 1

Question 1.

Exercise 1

* Context: the poet revisits his hometown after more than 10 years of living away from his homeland in Edo

* Literary device:

Season of mist → autumn 🡺 Sadness, solitude, chilly

Metaphorical technique: using autumn to represent the period of 10 years living in a foreign land.

🡺 The poem is an ode to the love of homeland, country within each individual.

Exercise 2

* Circumstances of creation: upon hearing the melodious song of the nightingale, oh

* Literary device: Nightingale → summer

*The term “capital city” appears twice:

- Capital city 1: Kyoto of reality.

- Capital city 2: Kyoto of 20 years ago.

- Technique of using what remains to evoke what has been lost: The song of the nightingale still lingers while the ancient capital has receded into the past.

⇒ The poem is a poignant remembrance, a deep-seated attachment to the land one has lived and is living in.

Question 2.

Exercise 3

* Circumstances of creation: In the year 1684, Basho was 40 years old. Returning from afar to visit home, upon arrival, he just learned of his mother's passing. His elder brother handed him their mother's keepsake, a bundle of silver hair.

* Literary device: Autumn mist → the author's regret, sorrow, and nostalgia

🡺 Floating imagery, creating ambiguity, and multiple meanings, making the poem not only an elegy for the mother but also a lament for the human condition.

Exercise 4.

* Circumstances of creation: In the year 1685, Basho once passed through a forest, hearing ominous sounds, he suspected whether it was the cries of monkeys or the cries of abandoned children in distress.

* Literary device:

Autumn wind → autumn.

The autumn wind is also the poet's heart. It's sadness, compassion for the unfortunate creatures.

🡺 The poem is the lament of the poet for the unfortunate people in life.

Question 3:

Exercise 5

* Circumstances of creation:

During a pilgrimage through the forest, Basho suddenly sees a small monkey trembling in the winter rain. The poet imagines the monkey also needing a coat to shield from the cold rain.

* Literary device: winter 🡪 harsh weather, evoking a sense of chilliness.

🡺 The desire for a warm coat for the little monkey is also the poet's aspiration: that all beings, humans and creatures alike, will be well-fed and warm.

Question 4.

Exercise 6

Literary device: Cherry blossoms 🡪 spring

Winds from all directions blow, causing cherry blossoms to fall like a flurry of flower clouds. The fallen flowers create ripples in the lake 🡺 The exquisite beauty of the Phu Tang land in spring carries the essence of Zen Buddhism: all things interact, harmonize with each other in an intimate relationship.

Exercise 7

* Circumstances of creation: Visiting Riusakuji Temple, witnessing the serene scenery that brings inner peace, he composed the poem.

* Literary device: Cicada chirps – summer

🡪 The cicada chirp is subtle, the stone is solid yet the cicada chirp in the solemn scene is like seeping into the stone - metaphorical artistry transforming feelings based on the semishigure idiom – likening cicada chirps to the sound of rain

🡺 Association, imagination, miraculous transformation of real feelings, expressing enlightenment in the moment of harmony, empathy between humans and nature.

Question 5.

* Circumstances: This is Basho's final poem. In spring 1694, despite his old age and frailty, Basho decided to pilgrimage to the South. On the way, he fell ill and passed away.

* Literary device: barren field – winter

🡺 Basho's entire life was wandering here and there, so when he was about to bid farewell to this world, he still dreamed of wandering on barren fields. He still loved, still cherished life immensely. Illness may confine his body to the sickbed but cannot chain his adventurous spirit.

Question 6.

Aesthetic ideal: Emphasizing the beauty of Solitude, Simplicity, Mystery, Softness, Sublimity…

Cherry Blossoms: A Symphony of Spring (lesson 6)

Summer Serenade: The Melody of Cicadas (lesson 7)

Winter Wilderness: The Desolate Plains (lesson 8)

"""""--END OF LESSON 1""""""--

In addition to the materials studied, students should prepare for the upcoming lesson with the section Exploring Inner Thoughts to master their knowledge of Literature 10.

Exploring the Poem Duo, Short 2

Question 1 (page 160 Literature 10 Textbook Volume 1):The poet's deep affection for the city of Edo and nostalgic feelings towards the beautiful capital city of Kyoto filled with memories:

- Regarding passage 1: Baso's hometown is in Mie. He went to Edo and stayed for ten years before returning to visit his hometown. In Edo, Baso misses his hometown greatly, but upon returning, he finds himself missing Edo once again. Perhaps he considered Edo as his homeland, wanting to connect with that land as the place where he was born.

- Concerning passage 2: Baso mentions the cuckoo in this poem. It's the sound of the cuckoo that he hears upon his return to Kyoto after twenty years. The sound of the cuckoo is so intimate that upon hearing it, the poet reminisces, recalling a distant Kyoto of the past.

Question 2 (page 160 Literature 10 Textbook Volume 1): The author's feelings towards a mother, towards an abandoned baby:

- Passage 3: deeply poignant maternal love. He is anguished by his inability to care for his mother and unable to see her one last time, hence the 'steaming tears.' Tears of sorrow, pain, and love for the departed mother. The autumn mist here represents teardrops like dew, or the mother's hair silvered like dew, or life like dew, transient and ephemeral,... Dew - hair - tears blend together, creating a surreal, multi-meaning image.

- Passage 4: The poem recalls a painful truth from Japan's past. It was during the years of famine, starvation, some families unable to feed their children had to abandon them in the forest, even cruelly kill them. So when he hears the monkeys howl, he is reminded of the sound of crying children. In autumn, the wind sounds like the autumn mourns the human suffering. All those sounds evoke inexhaustible pain and sorrow.

Question 3 (page 160 Literature 10 Textbook Volume 1): The poet's inner beauty portrayed through passage 5:

The image of the solitary monkey in the poem evokes the image of Japanese farmers, conjures images of poor children shivering in the cold. The poem demonstrates compassion for these unfortunate creatures and the poet's profound love for the suffering lives of impoverished people.

Question 4 (page 160 Literature 10 Textbook Volume 1): The interaction between various objects and phenomena is depicted through:

- Passage 6: describes the scene of spring, the season when cherry blossoms bloom. The author imagines thousands of cherry blossoms lightly pink, delicate as paper, fluttering down, drifting onto the lake, creating ripples. This beautiful imagery conceals a profound philosophical concept: the interconnectedness of all things in the universe, everything in this world interacts with each other, no object exists independently.

- Passage 7: In the silent space, there's a hint of melancholy when the sound of cicadas emerges. Not buzzing, it resonates to seep into the stones. The desolate, quiet scene carries a touch of sadness.

Question 5 (page 160 Literature 10 Textbook Volume 1): Baso's desire to continue wandering:

Baso wrote this poem in Osaka (1694). This is his swan song. Before this, he felt very weak, like a bird about to vanish into the endless sky. However, faced with death, Baso had no regrets. Throughout his life, Baso had wandered, roamed everywhere. Therefore, even when he was about to bid farewell to life, he still longed, still wanted to continue the journey - with his soul. The poem is like a message for that desire. And indeed, reading the poem, one feels Baso's soul wandering across desolate fields.

Question 6 (page 160 Literature 10 Textbook Volume 1): 'Precious words' and aesthetic appreciation of Silence, Simplicity, Mystery in passages 6, 7, 8:

- Passage 6: the precious phrase is 'cherry blossoms'. This image evokes spring. The aesthetic appreciation of the simplicity in this poem is the profound philosophical principles drawn from that beautiful spring painting.

- Passage 7: the precious phrase lies in the image of 'singing cicadas'. It's the most resounding sound of summer. And the aesthetic appreciation of the poem lies in the mystery, the silence of the space when the buzzing of cicadas resonates as if each sound seeps deep into every crevice of stone.

- Passage 8: 'desolate fields'. From those desolate fields appearing in dreams as old age shadows approach, when the bird's cry seems almost to fade away, it evokes a melancholic autumn, and the aesthetic appreciation of the poem also lies deep within that silence.

Exploring the Poem Duo, Short 3

Question 1. How is the poet's deep affection for the city of Edo and nostalgic feelings towards the beautiful capital city of Kyoto filled with memories portrayed in passages one and two?

Answer:

Passage one: Memories of ten years living in Edo, ten seasons of misty rivers there.

Passage two: Kyoto is where Baso lived in his youth, the cuckoo's call heralds the summer season.

Question 2. How are the emotions towards the mother and the abandoned baby portrayed in passages three and four?

Answer:

In passage three: Longing for the homeland, unable to care for the elderly mother, unable to see her one last time => anguish, sorrow.

In passage four: Evokes the painful reality in Japan: years of famine, poverty, unable to feed children, having to abandon them in the forest. Baso hears the monkeys howl, reminiscent of human cries => hidden compassion, pity for the unfortunate fates.

Question 3. Through passage 5, what beauty do you perceive in the poet's soul?

Answer:

The poem reveals the author's profound love for the impoverished through the image of a small monkey shivering by the roadside => the farmers or the children shivering in the cold

Question 4. How is the interaction between various objects and phenomena in the universe depicted in passages six, seven?

Answer:

The image of cherry blossoms falling onto the lake, creating ripples reminiscent of spring => profound philosophy: the interconnectedness of all things in the universe

The silence, the singing cicadas: the mysterious scene becomes real when humans sink deep into their own thoughts.

Question 5. How is Baso's longing to live, to continue wandering depicted in passage 8?

Answer:

The longing to live, the desire to continue wandering of Baso is depicted in passage 8: nearing the end of life's journey, having traveled far and wide yet still nostalgic, wanting to continue the wandering journey with his 'soul'.

Question 6. Find the precious words and feelings about the silence, simplicity, and mystery in passages six, seven, eight?

Answer:

Precious words:

'cherry blossoms': evokes beautiful spring

'singing cicadas': mysterious, silent

'desolate fields': melancholic, silent

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