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HIV Virus, acknowledged as one of the most perilous viruses today, induces the condition of Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In a recent breakthrough, Timothy Ray Brown, treated with radiation and bone marrow transplantation, recovered from HIV, showcasing a potential complete cure.
The illness caused by the Ebola virus, previously known as Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, is highly dangerous, often leading to mortality rates of up to 90%. Initial symptoms include fever, sore throat, muscle pain, and headaches. Subsequent symptoms may involve nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, coupled with impaired liver and kidney functions. Ebola, first identified in 1976, resurfaced in 2014, escalating into the most dreadful global pandemic. On December 26, 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported 7,693 deaths from the Ebola virus across Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea, out of a total of 19,695 infections.
Zika Virus, a mosquito-borne acute infectious disease, incubates for 3 to 12 days, with 80% of cases showing no clinical symptoms, making detection challenging. No specific treatment or antibiotic is available for this virus. Infected individuals usually exhibit mild or no symptoms, similar to a very mild form of dengue fever. Zika can be transmitted from mother to fetus, leading to conditions such as microcephaly in newborns and other serious neurological complications. The only current prevention method is mosquito control and regular environmental hygiene.
Japanese Encephalitis Virus causes viral encephalitis, often resulting in brain damage, neurological sequelae, and a high mortality rate. Main symptoms include high fever and associated symptoms related to central nervous system damage. Specific treatments for this virus are now available.
One of the most dangerous viruses that must be mentioned is the rabies virus. The virus causing rabies has existed for over a century, threatening people across continents. It is transmitted to humans through the saliva of infected intermediate hosts, such as dogs, cats, monkeys, and bats.
Rotavirus is one of the dangerous viruses, the leading cause of severe diarrhea, hospitalization, and even death in young children globally, including Vietnam. Those infected with this virus have a much higher risk of mortality compared to other diarrhea-causing viruses. The disease incubates for 2 - 3 days and worsens over 5 - 7 days, causing vomiting, diarrhea leading to severe dehydration. Without early detection and treatment, the chances of survival are very low.
Influenza, a common disease in our country, is often underestimated by many who are unaware that globally, the number of deaths due to influenza is higher than the number of deaths from Ebola. There are many strains of the influenza virus, including dangerous ones to human life, such as the avian influenza H5N1 virus.
One of the 10 most dangerous viruses in recent times is Coronavirus. Coronavirus causes Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV), related to the virus that caused Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003. The transmission rate of MERS is not as high as SARS, but the danger is equally high, with a mortality rate that can reach up to 40%.
Hepatitis B and C viruses, also known as super viruses, are currently the most dangerous viruses in Vietnam and globally. WHO warns that nearly 50% of global infections of hepatitis B in the Asia-Pacific region. However, with complete vaccination, humans can resist these viruses. Currently, the cost of treating hepatitis C is very high and not widely available in Vietnam, posing many challenges to treatment.
Dengue virus infection causes various clinical symptoms depending on each individual. The disease can manifest as a non-specific viral infection or severe hemorrhagic disease leading to death. Dengue is a mosquito-borne infectious disease most common in humans. In recent years, the disease has become a major concern for community health internationally. Globally, about 2.5 billion people are currently living in areas where the disease is prevalent.
