Exploring 6 Persuasive Techniques in Discourse Writing

Concept: Elaboration involves applying knowledge to understand a persuasive issue clearly and help others grasp one's ideas accurately.

Example: Explanation - What is poetic substance in literature?

=> Poetic substance, also known as expressive material, in prose, refers to language that is metaphorical, emotionally rich, musically structured, abundant in suggestions rather than descriptions.

Example: The distant echo of the drum resonates over the small district market, each beat resounding far to herald the evening, tinged with the fiery glow of the western sky and clouds tinged with hues of red, resembling a coal about to extinguish. The village bamboo grove stands in stark silhouette against the darkening backdrop of the sky.

Approach: Compile enough reasoning to expound, dissect the issue's meanings. Pose a set of questions to answer.

Foundation for explanation: Explain terms, challenging concepts, literal and metaphorical meanings of words.

Based on that, elaborate on the entire issue, emphasizing explicit and implicit meanings.

Concept: Argumentative operation of demonstration involves using authentic evidence, already acknowledged, to prove the subject.

Method of demonstration: Identify the issue to demonstrate to find appropriate evidence. The evidence must be rich, representative, comprehensive, closely related to the issue to be demonstrated, and organized in a logical, tight, and reasonable manner.

Illustrative Example: Demonstrate the advice of our people in the proverb 'A healthy leaf protects a torn leaf' is naturally reflected in life.

Concept: Analysis involves breaking down an object, phenomenon into various parts, elements to examine the content and internal relationships of the object thoroughly. Objects of analysis in Literature: A perception, text, work, a part of a work, character, specific elements...

Function of analysis: To see the value and meaning of the phenomenon, the relationship between form and essence, content. Analysis helps fully comprehend the value or non-value of the object. Regarding literary works, analysis aims to explore the three values of literature: Perception, ideology, and aesthetics.

Requirements for analysis: Understand the structural characteristics of the object to divide it reasonably. After analysis, study each part, detail, and then synthesize an overview to fully and deeply understand the object, and present it concisely.

Concept: Commentary involves discussing the correctness, authenticity, and impact of life phenomena such as opinions, biases, and actions. The argumentative operation of commentary is expressing evaluative opinions (determining right or wrong, good or bad), discussing (exchanging opinions) about a situation or issue.

Commentary approach:
Step 1: State the issue to be commented on: Clearly state the individual's attitude, evaluation of the presented issue. Present it clearly and honestly.

Step 2: Evaluate the issue to be commented on. Assert that your perspective is correct, refute the incorrect parts. Combine the correct parts, eliminate the incorrect parts, find common ground for evaluation. Provide a personal evaluation.

Step 3: Discuss the issue to be commented on. Discuss attitude, actions, solutions. Discuss deeper issues.

Concept: The argumentative operation of comparison involves juxtaposing two objects or phenomena. This action helps us clearly see the similarities and differences between the two. Moreover, there are two types of comparison: similarity and contrast.

The purpose of argumentative comparison is to identify the similarities and differences between objects. From this, we can make general observations and evaluations about them. It particularly enhances the specificity, vividness, and persuasiveness of the persuasive essay. It illuminates the studied object in relation to another.

Approach: Place the objects on the same platform, evaluate them based on the same criteria, and clearly state the writer's perspective. The practice of comparative argumentation needs to ensure specific criteria. Specifically, the comparison between two objects must be clear and truly relevant. The objects being compared must have a connection through some aspect or perspective. The conclusion drawn from the comparison process must be genuine. Thus, understanding the object being compared is accurate and profound. During the process of comparative argumentation, place the objects on the same platform and use the same criteria. Simultaneously, compare similarities and differences. It is crucial for the speaker or writer to express their opinion and perspective clearly.

Concept: Refutation involves using logic and evidence to dismiss erroneous or inaccurate opinions, presenting one's own correct perspective to persuade the audience (readers).

Purpose: In life and in written materials, we often encounter misguided opinions or misleading statements (contrary to facts or principles, or using illogical and unscientific reasoning). In such situations, we need to argue to refute those misconceptions.

Requirements: Use sound reasoning and convincing evidence. When refuting, grasp their mistakes, present persuasive reasoning and evidence with a straightforward yet cautious attitude, appropriate to the context and the debating party.