Buzz
For centuries, Hung Yen has been renowned as a land of talented individuals, fostering a tradition of learning. This is epitomized by the Xich Dang Temple of Literature, a symbol of academic excellence in the region.
Exploring the Xich Dang Temple of Literature in Hung Yen, a source of pride for the people of the 'land of longans'.
The Xich Dang Temple of Literature, also known as the Hung Yen Temple of Literature, is a significant heritage site within the Pho Hien historical complex. It venerates Confucius and Master Chu Van An, a renowned educator of the Tran dynasty, honored by UNESCO as a World Cultural Celebrity.
In ancient times, the temple hosted ceremonies and examinations for candidates participating in the imperial examinations. With over 400 years of existence and the recognition of 161 mandarins, the temple reflects Hung Yen's spirit of reverence for learning.
The temple was initially constructed during the Late Le dynasty, undergoing major renovations in 1839. The Xich Dang Temple of Literature was built upon the foundation of an ancient pagoda, the Nguyet Duong Pagoda.
The triple gate of the Temple of Literature remains remarkably intact from its construction until today. The triple gate is built in a two-story stacked candle style with eight roofs.
From the upper floor of the triple gate, a round door threshold allows for a picturesque view, as described in the couplet at the gate: 'Four sides, two ensembles singing, Spirits at ease, hearts wide open, A sky of clear winds, tranquil clouds, Mountains high, waters deep'.
The courtyard of the Temple of Literature features a cross-shaped path, dividing the courtyard into four squares. Scholars participating in the Examinations would sit in these four squares. Flanking the courtyard are two bell towers and pavilions.
Unlike other temples of literature, only the Xich Dang Temple of Literature possesses bronze bells and stone pavilions dating back to the reign of Emperor Gia Long. Adjacent are two rows of auxiliary buildings, where officials would adjust their attire before participating in the solemn ceremonies. Today, these buildings display images related to the province's education sector, past and present.
The inner sanctum of the Xich Dang Temple of Literature is built in a triple-character style, consisting of the front hall, middle hall, and rear hall. The roof system of the buildings features interconnected eaves, facing southward. All doors and columns are made of ironwood and intricately carved.
The main entrance of the temple is the altar of Master Chu Van An (1292-1370), a talented educator of the Tran dynasty. Behind it is the altar of Confucius (551-479 BCE), the founder of Confucianism and the Four Books, with his four disciples: Manh Tu, Tuong Tu, Nha Uyen, and Tang Sam.
Here, there are 9 stone steles, including 8 erected in the year of Dong Khanh 1888, and one erected in the year of Bao Dai 1943. These 9 steles honor 161 out of 228 scholars who passed the provincial exams of Hung Yen during feudal times.
The traditional festival of the Xich Dang Temple of Literature takes place on the 4th and 5th days of Lunar New Year, featuring activities such as calligraphy exhibitions, giving lucky words, and performing ca tru singing.
At the beginning of the new school year, or on Vietnamese Teacher's Day at the temple, activities such as acknowledgment ceremonies are held to honor students from disadvantaged backgrounds who have excelled academically, as well as teachers who have achieved excellence in teaching throughout the year.
The Xich Dang Temple of Literature was recognized as a National Historical Site in 1992. It has become an educational center that embodies the tradition of respecting teachers and valuing ethics, also serving as an attractive destination in Hung Yen province.
According to Mytour
***
Reference: Travel Guide from Mytour
MytourDecember 12, 2022
