Choosing constipation relief medications for the elderly demands both effectiveness and safety. Seniors face challenges in lifestyle changes and managing associated conditions, making the use of bowel-regulating medications prevalent. Join us as we explore the best constipation remedies tailored for the elderly.
1. What Causes Constipation in the Elderly?
Constipation is more prevalent among the elderly and can lead to more serious complications. Understanding the root causes helps you select the most suitable constipation relief medication for seniors.
1.1. Subjective Constipation
Subjective Constipation, also known as primary or functional constipation, is related to the function of the intestines rather than being caused by a pathological condition or medication. It is divided into three subgroups:
- Constipation with normal bowel movements
- Constipation due to slow bowel movements: commonly observed in individuals with metabolic conditions such as diabetes and hypothyroidism.
- Functional Defecation Disorder: Weak contraction of the rectal muscles leads to stool accumulating in the colon without proper expulsion.
Elderly individuals are susceptible to digestive disorders
Patients may experience multiple types of functional constipation simultaneously, with the most common being normal bowel movements but with hard or oversized stools that are difficult to pass. In such cases, using constipation relief medications for the elderly that soften the stool can provide numerous benefits.
1.2. Objective Constipation
Also known as secondary constipation, it is associated with underlying medical conditions or medications in use. Common risks often include:
- Currently taking more than 5 different medications
- Suffering from chronic illnesses
- Experiencing psychiatric disorders
Therefore, addressing health issues or considering the types of medications currently in use is essential before contemplating laxatives for the elderly.
These are the two main reasons why the elderly are prone to constipation. However, numerous changes occur in our bodies as we age. Functions weaken and become less efficient. Diet and lifestyle change. It is challenging to control all these factors. Therefore, laxatives for the elderly are an effective and quick supportive solution.
2. Choosing Laxatives for the Elderly
Most laxatives available today can be easily purchased over-the-counter without a doctor's prescription. However, it is crucial to carefully consider or consult with a doctor or pharmacist before selecting for the elderly. Here, we recommend four main groups of medications and their typical examples.
2.1. Bulk-forming Laxatives
Bulk-forming laxatives essentially provide additional fiber to increase the size and alter the consistency of the stool. They are a type of laxative for the elderly with small and pellet-like stools.
Bulk-forming laxatives alter the size and characteristics of the stool
Bulk-forming laxatives absorb water into the intestines to soften the stool and increase its size. This helps stimulate bowel movements, making the stool easier to pass. In simple terms, they enhance the feeling of needing to go and reduce the effort required for straining.
Some common bulk-forming laxatives include Metamucil, FiberCon, Citrucel,...
When using this group of medications, patients may experience some side effects such as bloating, abdominal discomfort, stomach pain,... However, these effects are mild and will disappear upon discontinuation of the medication.
2.2. Stool Softeners
This type of laxative for the elderly is quite effective as it draws a significant amount of water into the intestines. This helps soften the stool quickly and facilitates its expulsion. Therefore, they bring about noticeable changes for individuals experiencing constipation.
You can search for some medication names in this category such as Miralax, Citroma, Glycolax, Sorbitol, Lactulose,...
Stool softeners are relatively safe for the elderly
It can be said that this medication group is quite safe and has minimal side effects. Therefore, they are suitable for use in the elderly. However, caution is advised when used for individuals with lactose intolerance or kidney impairment. The effectiveness may vary, with some medications showing results within 15 minutes, while others may take a few days after usage.
2.3. Stool Softening Laxatives
The most representative of this group is medications containing the active ingredient Sodium Docusate. They enhance water entry into the stool, making it softer. Typically, effectiveness will occur 12-72 hours after usage.
These are suitable laxatives for the elderly to prevent medication-induced constipation. Many medications have constipation as a side effect. Therefore, doctors often include this group in prescriptions to prevent constipation from the beginning.
Currently, there are some common names for this group on the market: Docusil, Docuzen, Ausagel,...
2.4. Stimulant Laxatives
Stimulant laxatives are typically the last resort after trying non-pharmacological measures or other types of laxatives. They work by inducing contractions in the intestines to move the stool.
Stimulant laxatives effectively treat constipation in the elderly
This is the most noticeably effective group of laxatives for the elderly but also carries a higher risk of side effects. After approximately 6-12 hours, patients will experience bowel movements and feel the urge to defecate.
Some common stimulant laxatives on the market today include Senna, Bisacodyl, Bisalaxyl, Ovalax,...
Note that it's crucial to use these medications correctly and in the right dosage for the best effectiveness while minimizing unwanted side effects.
3. Home Remedies for Constipation in the Elderly
Experts recommend applying natural remedies before resorting to laxative medications for the elderly. These include lifestyle changes and implementing home remedies such as:
- Avoid constipation-inducing foods such as: white rice or refined cereals, unripe bananas, tea, milk or dairy products, chocolate,...
- Regularly consume foods beneficial for the digestive system such as: green vegetables, beans, whole grains, fresh and dried fruits, yogurt, and stay well-hydrated.
- Engage in regular exercise and physical activities.
- Establish a consistent hygiene routine, preferably in the morning upon waking up, and don't resist the urge when it comes.
- Use dietary supplements containing fiber, stool softeners, and digestive probiotics.
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