Mastering the Art of Picture Mat Cutting

Prepare the Picture for Framing. Assess the picture's dimensions to determine the required mat and frame sizes. Your final assembly will consist of the picture placed between two identically sized mats, with the front mat cut to reveal the picture. You'll need two pieces of mat board: one for backing the picture and another to create the front frame. Larger pictures, such as those for exhibitions, will need larger mats, and the specific dimensions will also depend on how much matting you want visible around the picture.

Choose Your Mat Style Wisely. Mats come in various colors, designs, and thicknesses. Select a mat (or multiple layers if desired) that complements the picture you're framing. Decide whether the mat will frame the picture or serve as part of the frame. If considering layered mats for added depth, ensure color and texture combinations harmonize.

• Mat boards vary in thickness, affecting the width of the 'white line' around the finished piece. Thicker mats may suit plain white for concealing cut inner edges.
• Two main quality ranges exist: standard for everyday use and archival for professional display, especially with original artwork and archival materials.

Select Your Cutting Tool. Choose a sharp blade capable of cutting straight lines. Options include standard razor blades or box cutters for affordability, or specialized sliding mat cutters for precision (though pricier and with a learning curve).

• Exercise caution with razor blades, X-Acto knives, and box cutters due to their sharpness.
• Mat cutting kits streamline measurement, alignment, and cutting but come at a higher cost.

Obtain a Ruler or T-square. These tools help measure and cut straight edges for fitting the mat to the picture and frame. A T-square enables precise angle measurements and ensures consistent mat width.

• Opt for heavy metal rulers for stability during cutting.

Measure Your Picture. Use the ruler to measure the picture's dimensions for precise mat cutting. Both mats should match the picture exactly, with the second mat's inner area cut slightly smaller to secure the picture. Note the dimensions for reference.

• Determine the width of the window mat to showcase the desired portion of the picture, allowing for precise centering.

Assess the Frame Size. If you've chosen a frame, remove any glass or plastic covering and the backing board. Use the backing board as a reference to measure and cut the mats to fit inside the frame. Record the frame dimensions accurately, distinguishing between different measurements.

• Although frames often come with specified measurements, it's safer to measure them yourself to ensure the mat fits perfectly.

Determine Window Mat Dimensions. Consider the picture or artwork size when selecting the window mat size. Ensure the window mat doesn't cover too much of the picture. Trace the picture's measurements onto the second mat board for cutting the window frame.

• For small-to-medium pictures, opt for a window mat width of approximately .5'—1.5' to frame the picture without obscuring it.

Mark the First Mat for Cutting. Use the frame backing board measurements to mark the first mat's cutting points. Place the ruler or T-square along the mat's edge and make pencil marks on the backside. Create a dotted line to guide cutting and correct any slips.

• Always mark and cut from the backside to avoid visible imperfections on the finished mat.

Cut the Backing Mat. Align the razor or mat cutter with the ruler's edge and cut along the marked line. Apply steady pressure to ensure a clean cut. Repeat the process on all sides, verifying accuracy. Exercise caution and prioritize safety when using cutting tools.

• Apply firm pressure to maintain a clean, straight cut. If necessary, make multiple passes to ensure accuracy.
• If a cut is incomplete, adjust the blade angle and continue cutting vertically.
• Remember: Safety is paramount when handling cutting tools to avoid injury.

Cut the Second Mat (Window Frame). Cut the second mat board to match the dimensions of the first. This mat will serve as the window frame for the picture's front. Opt for a colorful or designed mat that complements the picture's aesthetic. Use the ruler as a guide for precise cutting.

• The outer dimensions of the window frame should match those of the backing mat for a snug fit. Inner dimensions are flexible, but a .5'—1.5' window frame typically looks best.

Layer Your Mats. For a sophisticated layered effect, cut multiple window frame mats, each slightly smaller than the previous one. Arrange them concentrically around the picture to add depth and ornateness. Experiment with different colors and designs for a unique look.

• When layering mats, ensure consistent size variations between them unless intentional for the design.

Secure the Mats. Position the picture on the backing mat and center the window frame mat over it. Use small strips of artist's tape to lightly attach the mats together. Flip the matted picture over and tape across the back edges to secure them. Remove the tape from the front, and your picture is ready to be framed.

• To prevent damage, stick tape to fabric before applying it to the mat.
• For original artwork, consider framing it to protect it from potential damage or smudging.

• For added depth, consider using foam board instead of a backing mat.
• Ensure ruler alignment with the blade by checking vertically.
• If you accidentally mark the mat board, remove marks carefully with a bag eraser or crumble-style eraser.

• Mat cutting requires practice and patience. Don't be discouraged by initial challenges.
• Consider purchasing extra mat board for practice before cutting your final pieces. Mistakes may necessitate starting over with new materials.

• Picture or artwork
• Correctly sized frame
• Large table or cutting surface
• Razor, box cutter, X-Acto knife, or mat cutter tool
• Metal ruler with non-slip backing
• T-square (optional)
• Artist's tape or masking tape
• Pencil
• Scratch paper (for recording measurements)