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Outline of Nam quoc son ha - The First Declaration of Independence.
1. Introduction
- Setting the stage: In Vietnamese history, besides President Ho Chi Minh's Declaration of Independence read at Ba Dinh Square which gave birth to the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, we also recognize two other documents considered as the nation's declarations of independence: Nam quoc son ha (Ly Thuong Kiet) and Binh Ngo dai cao (Nguyen Trai).
- Introducing the issue for discussion: Among these two documents, Nam quoc son ha (Ly Thuong Kiet) is considered as the first Declaration of Independence.
2. Body
* Declaration of Independence: A principal discourse document written with the purpose of proclaiming to the entire nation and the world about the need to respect the nation's independence and sovereignty.
* Nam quoc son ha (Mountains and Rivers of the South): The first declaration of independence:
- A spirited declaration about the nation's independence and sovereignty: 'Nam quoc... heavenly decree' (Mountains and rivers of the South... in the book of heaven)
+ Vietnam is an independent nation with its own sovereignty, and the king is the supreme representative of the people.
+ The boundaries of the South are not only recorded in heroic history but also clearly stated in the 'book of heaven'.
=> A clear truth: The mountains and rivers of the South belong to the Southern king, belong to the Southern people.
+ Using the term 'emperor' instead of 'king': Elevating the status and stature of the South.
=> A proud and self-respecting attitude of the nation when considering the South as equal to Northern countries, where the Southern king stands shoulder to shoulder with the Chinese emperor.
- Determined will to protect the independence, sovereignty: 'Like the river... defeat the decay' (Why do the invaders... wither)
+ 'oppose the hole': Only invaders (those who go against what is right, against the will of heaven)
+ Stern warning: Those invaders who dare to encroach upon the borders and sovereignty of the South will bring upon themselves disastrous defeat.
=> A fitting consequence for those who violate the heavenly decree, violate the sacred beings, disregard truth, and what is right.
=> A powerful attack against invading enemies, serving as both encouragement for patriotism and a sense of responsibility of the people towards the Motherland.
3. Conclusion
- Affirming the value of the first Declaration of Independence Nam quoc son ha (Mountains and Rivers of the South).
- Expressing personal thoughts, evaluation of the work.
View sample article: Nam quoc son ha - the first declaration of independence.
Nam quoc Son Ha by author Ly Thuong Kiet is compiled in the textbook Vietnamese Literature for 7th Grade in the 5th week of study. Alongside the Outline of Nam quoc son ha - the first declaration of independence. To further solidify understanding of how to analyze and appreciate this piece of literature, students can also refer to additional writings: Supporting evidence: Nam quoc son ha is an epic national anthem against invasion..., Nam quoc son ha - the first declaration of independence, Reflections upon reading the poem Nam quoc son ha, Patriotism within the poem Nam quoc son ha;...
