Prepare for the upcoming lesson by studying 'Running from the Invaders' by Nguyen Dinh Chieu.

Study 'Running from the Invaders' on page 49 of the Literature textbook for Grade 11, Volume 1.

Preparing 'Running from the Invaders', Short 1

Question 1 (page 49 of Literature Grade 11 Textbook Volume 1):
The nation's agony is depicted through various images:
+ Orphaned children fleeing
+ Flocks of birds soaring aimlessly
+ The Nghé Wharf frothing with water
+ The Đồng Nai River tinted with the color of clouds.
=> Realistic portrayals of colonial domination, capturing the chaotic scene of the people, the brutality, and the sorrow of the nation during the initial period of French colonial invasion.

Question 2 (page 49 of Literature Grade 11 Textbook Volume 1):
In that situation, the author's feelings and emotions:
- Author's feelings: Sorrow, pity witnessing the scene of a country losing its home.

Question 3 (page 49 of Literature Grade 11 Textbook Volume 1):
Where are those responsible for this chaos, gone?
How could they allow such calamity to befall the people?
The two closing lines pose specific questions, not generic inquiries. 'Where are those responsible' questions the authorities' actions regarding the nation's situation, its people. However, the poet then accuses them: their apathy, irresponsibility leading to the state of 'the nation losing its home', the people suffering. The questions also reflect the author's profound empathy towards the people's plight.
→ The profound realism of the work.
 

Review and revisit recent lessons to excel in Grade 11 Literature

- Prepare for the Exercise of Analytical Reasoning Practice
- Prepare for 'The Love and Hate Thesis' (excerpt from the story 'Lục Vân Tiên')
- Prepare for the Poem 'The Landscape Ode of Hương Sơn'

Preparing 'Running from the Invaders', Short 2

I. Insights into the Author:
Nguyễn Đình Chiểu was a Confucian scholar, a teacher, a physician, a poet, and a moralist.
Despite his blurred vision, the daily agony of a people losing their country, witnessing the French invaders' attacks and occupation of the homeland, vividly depicted the scene of a nation losing its home. He painted a picture full of blood and tears of a dark period in the nation's history.

II. Understanding the Work:
– 'Running from the Invaders' was composed when the poet witnessed the chaos of the people fleeing.
– In 1858, the French colonialists fired guns at Đà Nẵng, initiating the invasion of Vietnam. However, they faced resistance from the imperial army and the people. The French colonialists then advanced towards Saigon, overflowing to the Bến Nghé River. The poem expresses the poet's deep patriotism and his anguish when witnessing the scene of a nation losing its home.
- Reading Approach: When reading, pay attention to the rules of rhyme in the octosyllabic verse.

* Guide to Understanding the Poem:
1. The Two Opening Lines:
“The market scatters at the sound of Western guns
A chessboard position, a moment of impulsive move”
=> The country has fallen into a precarious situation, like a chess player who has made a crucial mistake that cannot be undone and is facing the risk of failure. That chessboard belongs not to anyone alone but to the entire nation, standing on the threshold of war, of loss.

2. The Two Actual Lines:
“Leaving homes, orphaned children flee
The flock of birds lost their nests and scatter away”
– Inversion => The poetic expression here is much more expressive than the usual way of expression.
– What is emphasized here is the state of panic, confusion, chaos, and disorientation of humanity.

3. The Two Concluding Lines:

Bến Nghé, its waters foaming
Đồng Nai, rooftops tinted with clouds.

The art of opposition and inversion is creatively applied
The two lines help the reader imagine the devastated, sorrowful scene of the entire Gia Định region. The two vivid images: foaming waters and cloud-tinted rooftops express profound regret.
– The author's mood shifts from surprise, confusion to pain, then bitterness, and sorrow.

4. The Two Concluding Lines:
Where are those in charge, gone, to quell this disorder?
How could they allow these people to suffer?
The poet doesn't use words like “people” or “leaders” or “warriors”... instead of “quell this disorder,” he uses “quell this unrest” to emphasize reverence.
– The questions delve deep into the hearts of those who still have courage, still have wisdom, to not let the nation perish.
– The word “could” makes the reader feel there is a desperate plea in the question.

Preparing 'Running from the Invaders', Short 3

Question 1:

In the Vietnamese Literature program for 9th grade, the Wife's Sacrifice section is an important content that students need to pay attention to and prepare for.