Prepare the exercise on the application of hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies, Composition for grade 10

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Ngày cập nhật gần nhất: 15/4/2026

Content

1. Prepare the exercise on the application of hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies, Short 1

2. Prepare the exercise on the application of hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies, Short 2

3. Compose an essay on the Practice of Hidden and Metaphorical Figures of Speech, Short 3

Hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies are rhetorical devices that students have learned from previous classes and in today's composition preparation on the exercise of hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies, they will reinforce and expand these knowledge through practical exercises on page 135 of Language Textbook 10, volume 1.

Article Contents:
1. Composition 1
2. Composition 2
3. Composition 3

Prepare the exercise on the application of hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies

1. Prepare the exercise on the application of hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies, Short 1

I. HIDDEN METAPHOR

Question 1.

In the two folk verses above, the words boat, pier, banyan tree, and ferry are not only boats, piers, banyan trees, and ferries in a literal sense but also carry another layer of meaning. That is the layer of metaphorical meaning symbolizing the image of a young man and a young woman in love, always waiting anxiously.

The boat and pier in verse 1 and the old banyan tree pier, ferry in verse 2 not only differ in literal meaning but also in the symbolic metaphorical layer they carry:

The boat and pier in verse 1 symbolize love, loyalty, and waiting of the girl for the boy 🡪 the promise of love

The old banyan tree pier and ferry in verse 2 symbolize those who leave and those who stay 🡪 missed appointments sadly.

Question 2.

“Grenade fire” is a metaphorical image. It not only evokes the bright red color of the flower but also, alongside that, the poem's imagery evokes the vigorous vitality of the scene bursting into bloom.

“Artistic expression can be either sweet or sour, satisfying or bitter like the toxicity of illness, revolving around a few thin emotions of an individual recoiling” 🡪 metaphorical imagery referring to dull, unrealistic artistic expression. The statement metaphorically implies the author's lack of creativity.

“drop” 🡪 metaphorically signifies a shift in feeling

The metaphorical image of “waterfall” 🡪 challenges, dangers, obstacles ahead

“Transient, ephemeral” 🡪 metaphorical image evoking the uncertain, unstable nature of life.

Question 3.

The youth of each person is like fledgling birds.

II. Metonymy

Question 1.

- The phrases 'green head' and 'rosy cheeks' are metaphors indicating youth, the prime of a woman. This expression alludes to the character Thuy Kieu.

- The phrases 'brown shirt', 'blue shirt'

+ Brown shirt: refers to the farmer

+ Blue shirt: refers to the laborer

To understand an object when the poet changes its name, we need to rely on the analogical relationship between two objects, phenomena. This is the characteristic of metaphor.

Question 2.

Metaphorical image: betel nut and betel leaf 🡪 these are signs of marriage, symbolizing the love of the young couple

Metonymical image:

+ Thon Doai 🡪 people of Thon Doai

+ Thon Dong 🡪 people of Thon Dong

Expressing longing for a lover, but the metaphorical images in folk verses carry specific meanings, while the metaphorical images in Nguyen Binh's poetry convey vague meanings, expressing the state of being in love.

Question 3.

Overcoming the hill is overcoming oneself.

2. Prepare the exercise on the application of hidden and implied metaphors and metonymies, Short 2

I. Hidden Metaphor

Question 1 (page 135 Language Textbook 10, Volume 1):

a. Another significant meaning:
- The images of boat (ferry) - pier (banyan tree) respectively create the symbolic meaning of those who leave and those who stay. Therefore,
- Sentence (1) becomes a pledge, promise, reminder of loyalty.
- Sentence (2) becomes a lament for the distant oath 'missed appointments'.

b. The words boat, pier in sentence (1) and old banyan tree pier, ferry in sentence (2) have differences but only in the literal meaning (denoting objects). Regarding the symbolic meaning, they have similar connotations (both symbolize the departure and stay). To understand this hidden connotation correctly, we typically explain: The objects boat - pier - banyan tree, old pier - ferry are always associated in reality. Therefore, they are used to indicate the 'close bond' of human emotions. Pier, banyan tree, old pier have a literal meaning of stability, thus they evoke images of women, waiting, longing, loyalty. Conversely, boats, ferries often move without fixed positions, so they are understood as young men, implying departure. Understanding this associative law, we grasp the true meaning of the folk verses above.

Question 2 (page 135 Language Textbook 10, Volume 1): Identify and analyze metaphors:

(1) Metaphorical image: grenade fire (pomegranate flower is red like fire so called grenade fire). This metaphorical expression vividly describes the vibrant scenery of the summer day.

(2) The metaphorical device used is: sweet literature, superficiality, bitter toxicity of illness, thin emotions, individuals contracted. It refers to dreamy literature, escaping reality, or not reflecting the true essence of reality (... sweet literature presents superficiality or the bitter toxicity of illness), expressing impoverished emotions, lack of creativity (thin emotions) of authors who always follow the beaten path, lack innovation (contracted individuals).

(3) The 'Drip' sound of the warbler's chirping shows us the sound of the bird's voice is like the morning dewdrops, gently falling to awaken the quiet space.

(4) 'Waterfall': obstacles on the road (meaning the obstacles, difficulties on the revolutionary path); 'our boat': the revolutionary boat. The meaning of the whole sentence: although the revolutionary path has many difficulties, hardships, the national revolutionary cause still advances firmly.

(5) Transient: A type of insect living in water, with a short lifespan. Using the image of the mayfly to refer to a transient, drifting, useless life; ephemeral: greasy substance, referring to a useful life.

Question 3 (page 135 Language Textbook 10, Volume 1): Examples of some sentences using metaphor:

a. It's raining outside. Each drop, each drop falls... the sound is very delicate.
b. Furious, she scolded: You're a man wearing a dress!
c. Even now, when life has become prosperous, he never forgets the dark days of his youth.

Metonymy

Question 1 (page 136 Language Textbook 10, Volume 1):

a.(1) Green head: hair still green, meaning the person is still young.

Rosy cheeks: The cheeks of a young woman often blush beautifully, using that imagery to refer to a young and beautiful woman. In this literary context, Nguyen Du uses these phrases to refer to the character Thuy Kieu.

(2) Brown shirt: Farmers of olden times often dyed their shirts brown to wear, here using brown shirts to refer to farmers.

Blue shirt: The commonly seen color of workers' shirts, here using blue shirts to refer to the working class in general.

b. In cases where we encounter an object that the author has renamed, to understand it correctly, we must pay attention to what the author has chosen to replace those objects. What the author chooses to replace is usually a part, a characteristic, a typical feature. This method of semantic transformation is metaphor. It enriches and enlivens the naming of objects, phenomena, making it more diverse and appealing.

These cases are all instances of metaphorical substitution.

Question 2 (page 137 of Literature 10 Textbook Volume 1):

a. As expressed by Nguyễn Bính:

In Thôn Đoài one reminisces about Thôn Đông
How does one not reminisce about Thôn Đoài?

3. Compose an essay on the Practice of Hidden and Metaphorical Figures of Speech, Short 3

Question 1:

Answer:

a. They notice that in the two folk verses above, the words boat, dock, banyan tree, ferry,... are not just boats, docks,... but also carry entirely different symbolic meanings. The significance of these meanings is:

- Boat: constantly moving, here the boat symbolizes a young man always going back and forth, never staying in one place.
- Dock: stationary, waiting for the boat, much like a girl waiting for her sweetheart to return.
- Banyan tree: akin to the dock, resembling a young girl waiting for her beau.
- Ferry: much like the boat, always shuttling back and forth.

b. The boat and dock (line 1) and the banyan tree, old dock, ferry (line 2) are not different, if there's any distinction, it's only in their literal meanings, not their implied significance. We need to reflect on real-world entities to grasp the hidden meanings in these two lines.

Line 2:

Answer:

Identify and analyze metaphorical expressions:

(1)Under the moon, summer beckons,
Against the wall, the flame of a torch flares, piercing through the flower buds.

-> The metaphor here is the torch flame: representing the torch flower, the vivid imagery is conveyed through metaphorical language.

(2) Discard the sugary sweet literary works, present the satisfaction of bitterness or the poisonous nature of illness, entangle a few thin emotions of individuals, curling up again. We desire novels, verses that can change the readers' lives - shaping them, propelling us toward a life previously only seen from a distance.

-> The metaphor is 'novels, verses that can change the readers' lives': it speaks to the power of literature.

(3) Oh, little chirping bird
Why does your song echo in the sky?
Each glistening drop falls
I extend my hand to catch

-> The metaphor is Each glistening drop falls: symbolizing the vitality of springtime.

(4)No matter how many waterfalls we pass by
Gently swaying is our boat on the shore

-> The metaphor is 'Gently swaying is our boat on the shore': symbolizing the power of revolution.

(5)Once ephemeral, now turned to silt
Once flown away, now washed away

-> The metaphor is 'Once ephemeral, now turned to silt': depicting the transience of life.

Line 3:

Answer:

Compose a sentence with a metaphor:

I adore Lan's tomato-red nose.
I admire his mushroom-shaped hairstyle.

Sentence 4:

Answer:

a. Using phrases like 'green head,' 'rosy cheeks,' poet Nguyen Du aims to convey:

- 'Green head': signifies young individuals
- 'Rosy cheeks': only signifies young individuals.
These terms symbolize the character Thuy Kieu in the story Kieu.
Similarly, employing phrases like 'brown shirt,' 'blue shirt,' poet To Huu intends to denote the class of peasants and citizens in our society.
b. We must encounter the subject to correctly understand it when the poet changes the name of that subject.

Sentence 5:

Answer:

a. The verse contains both metaphor and metonymy: the hexameter is a metonymy, the pentameter is a metaphor.
- The boat and the dock are implicitly compared to the young man and the young woman
- Thon Doai, Thon Dong are just place names, where the young man and the young woman live to express disgrace.

b. Expressing longing for a loved one, but the verse Thon Doai longing for Thon Dong is different from the folk verse Thuyen oi do you miss the dock.... The difference lies in Thon Doai, Thon Dong are just place names.

Sentence 6:

In response:

Observing a subject, familiar character and attempting to change their names through metaphor or allegory to write a passage about that subject or character.

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In the 10th-grade Literature program, the section Composing in the Style of Everyday Language stands out as a crucial aspect for students to focus on and prepare for.

In addition to the aforementioned content, students can explore further about the Reflection on the poem 'A Summer Day Scene' by Nguyen Trai to prepare for this lesson.

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