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Guidelines for solving Exercise 2 on Page 76 of Mathematics 5 Workbook
Problem:
According to the plan, last year, Hòa An village had to plant 20 hectares of corn. By the end of September, the village planted 18 hectares, and by the end of the year, they managed to plant 23.5 hectares of corn. Questions:
a) By the end of September, what percentage of the annual plan did Hòa An village achieve?
b) By the end of the year, what percentage did Hòa An village achieve, and how much did they exceed the annual plan by?
Solution Approach:
- Step 1: Calculate the percentage of the annual plan executed by Hòa An village until the end of September. Divide the hectares of corn planted by the village by the planned hectares, then multiply the result by 100 and add the % symbol.
- Step 2: Calculate the percentage of work completed by Hòa An village by the end of the year compared to the plan. Divide the hectares of corn planted by the end of the year by the planned 20 hectares.
- Step 3: Calculate the percentage by which Hòa An village has exceeded the annual plan by subtracting 100% from the result in Step 2.
Answer:
a) The percentage of the annual plan executed by Hòa An village until the end of September is:
18 : 20 = 0.90 = 90%.
b) In comparison to the plan, by the end of the year, Hòa An village has accomplished a percentage of:
23.5 : 20 = 1.175 = 117.5%
Hòa An village has exceeded the plan by a percentage of:
117.5% - 100% = 17.5%
Answer: a) 90%
b) 117.5% and 17.5%.
Note: It is crucial to distinguish between 'Exceeding the plan' and 'Achieving.' If Hòa An village achieves an excess of 17.5%, it means they have accomplished: 100% + 17.5% = 117.5% (annual plan).
Section Grade 5 Math Problem Solving Page 76 contains 3 exercises. After solving Exercise 2 on page 76 of Mathematics 5 Workbook, students are encouraged to proceed with hints and methods for Solving Exercise 1 on Page 76 of Mathematics 5 Workbook and Solving Exercise 3 on Page 76 of Mathematics 5 Workbook to enhance their understanding of grade 5 math.
