Buzz
Chữ |
Phát Âm |
Chữ |
Phát Âm |
Chữ |
Phát Âm |
a |
a |
i |
i |
q |
cờ |
ă |
á |
k |
cờ |
r |
rờ |
â |
ớ |
kh |
khờ |
t |
tờ |
b |
bờ |
l |
lờ |
s |
sờ |
c |
cờ |
m |
mờ |
th |
thờ |
ch |
chờ |
n |
nờ |
tr |
trờ |
d |
dờ |
ng |
ngờ |
u |
u |
đ |
đờ |
ngh |
ngờ kép |
ư |
ư |
e |
e |
nh |
nhờ |
v |
vờ |
ê |
ê |
o |
o |
x |
xờ |
g |
gờ |
ô |
ô |
y |
i |
gh |
gờ kép |
ơ |
ơ |
iê(yê, ia, ya) |
ia |
gi |
giờ |
p |
pờ |
uô(ua) |
ua |
h |
hờ |
ph |
phờ |
ươ(ưa) |
ưa |
In the new Education Technology program, it's crucial to distinguish between Sound and Letter.
- Sound refers to the real, tangible vibrations.
- Letter serves as a substitute, used to record and fix the sound.
Typically, one sound is recorded with one letter (a, b, c, d, đ, e, l, m..). However, there are cases where one sound is not represented by just one letter; it could be two, three, or four letters. Therefore, for accurate writing, you need to adhere to spelling rules.
For example: The sound /ngờ/ is written with 2 letters: ng and ngh (double ng).
The sound /cờ/ is represented by 3 letters: c, k, q.
The sound /ia/ is expressed with 4 letters: iê, ia, yê, ya.
Note: According to the perspective of Education Technology, one sound represented by one letter implies that all letters representing the sound have equal roles. Thus, the sound /chờ/ is written with one letter ch (chờ), not by combining the two letters c and h.
Spelling letters according to the Education Technology program.
1. Spelling Principles in Education Technology.
- Spell according to Sound, not according to Letter.
Example: Sing: /cờ/ - /a/ -/sing/
Carry: /cờ/ - /e/ -/carry/
Home: /cờ/ -/uê/ -/home/
Therefore, spell according to sound; when writing, follow the spelling rules: The sound /cờ/ before the sounds /e/, /ê/, /i/ should be written with the letter k. The sound /cờ/ before a consonant sound should be written with the letter q; the consonant sound is written with the letter u.
- Spell according to the 2-step mechanism:
+ Step 1: Spell the level tone (when spelling the level tone, separate the head/syllable).
Example: three - /bờ/ - /a/ - /three/
+ Step 2: Spell the tone-marked syllables (when spelling tone-marked syllables, temporarily separate the tone marks, leaving the level tone).
Example: grandma - /ba/ - grave - /grandma/
Children only learn to spell tone-marked syllables after mastering spelling level tones.
2. Important Note
Education Technology also provides guidance on spelling for children who cannot read tone-marked syllables yet.
Method 1:
- Use hand to cover the tone mark so children can read the level tone /ba/. Then reveal the tone mark to spell /ba/ - grave - /bà/.
- If covering the tone mark doesn't make children recognize the level tone immediately, cover part of the syllable to help them identify the consonant /b/. Remove the covering on the vowel /a/ to recognize the vowel /a/ and spell /bờ/ - /a/ - /ba/, then /ba/ - grave - /bà/.
Method 2: Introduce the word /bà/ into the language analysis model:
Analyze and read the entire level tone, then add tone marks to form the tone-marked syllable: /ba/ - grave - /bà/.
If children still don't understand, continue analyzing the level tone: /bờ/ - /a/ - /ba/ and continue adding tone marks to form the word /bà/.
3. Some specific examples
In Vietnamese, a word consists of 3 parts: Head – Syllable – Tone.
The Syllable part comprises Sound elements playing roles: Sound Intermediary – Main Sound – Final Sound.
According to the Education Technology book, there are 4 types of spelling:
- Spelling with only the Main Sound, for example: three, tea, ...
- Spelling with both Sound Intermediary and Main Sound, for example: flower, laurel,...
- Spelling with Main Sound and Final Sound, for example: orchid, bright,...
- Spelling with all Sound Intermediary – Main Sound – Final Sound, for example: forget, royal, ...
From these spelling types, a variety of different words can be created.
- Word with only the Main Sound: y
ý: /y/ - sharp - /ý/
- Word with Initial Sound - Main Sound:
Screen: /chờ/ - /e/ - /screen/
Screen: /screen/ - ask - /schism/
- Word with Sound Intermediary – Main Sound:
Uy: /u/ - /y/ - /uy/
Delegate: /uy/ - ask - /delegate/
- Word with Initial Sound – Sound Intermediary – Main Sound:
Flower: /hờ/ - /oa/ - /flower/
Guide: /cờ/ - /uy/ - /guide/
Precious: /quy/ - sharp - /precious/
- Word with Main Sound – Final Sound:
Me: /e/ - /mờ/ - /me/
Peace: /ia/ - /nờ/ - /peace/
Swallow: /yên/ - /sharp/ - /swallow/
Above is the spelling method for the Vietnamese alphabet according to the new education program. You can refer to this to teach students or children in the most accurate way. Check the latest rhyme table according to the new education program here to include a link to the article.
Wishing you all success!
