String in C

In C++, strings are objects of the std::string class, representing sequences of characters. We can perform various operations on strings such as concatenation, comparison, or conversion, ... .

For detailed insights into strings in C++, readers are encouraged to continue reading the following article by Mytour.

1. Example of string in C++

Below is an example of a string in C++:

#include

using namespace std;

int main() {

string str = 'Mytour';

char characters[] = {'C', '+', '+'};

string s2 = string(characters);

cout << str << endl;

cout << 'Hello, World!' << endl;

return 0;

The output result is formatted as:

Mytour

C++

2. Example of string comparison in C++

Refer to the simple example below to compare strings using the strcmp() function.

#include <iostream>

#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

char keyword[] = 'Mytour';

char storage[50];

do {

cout << 'What is your favorite website?';

cin >> storage;

} while (strcmp(keyword, storage) != 0);

cout << 'Answer:' << endl;

return 0;

}

The output result is formatted as:

What is your favorite website? Mytour

What is your favorite website? 9mobi.vn

What is your favorite website? Xephang.net

Correct answer!!

3. Example of string concatenation in C++

Below is an example of string concatenation in C++ using the strcat() function:

#include <iostream>

#include <cstring>

using the standard namespace;

int main()

{

char passcode[25], temp[25];

cout < 'Enter the key string:';

cin.getline(key, 25);

cout < 'Enter the buffer string:';

cin.getline(buffer, 25);

strcat(key, buffer);

cout < 'Concatenated key=' << key << endl;

cout << ' buffer=' << buffer << ' <p>';

return 0;

}

The output result is as follows:

Enter the key string: Welcome

Enter the buffer string: Mytour.

Key = Welcome to Mytour.

Buffer = Mytour.

4. Example of string copying in C++

The following example illustrates string copying in C++ using the strcpy() function:

#include <iostream>

#include <cstring>

using the standard namespace;

int main()

{

char passcode[25], temp[25];

cout < 'Enter the key string:';

cin.getline(key, 25);

strcpy(buffer, passcode);

cout < 'key='<< passcode << endl;

cout << ' buffer='<< buffer << ' <p>';

return 0;

}

Output result:

Enter the key string: Tricks Mytour

Key = Tricks Mytour

Buffer = Tricks Mytour

5. Example of string length in C++

The following example demonstrates finding the length of a string using the strlen() function:

#include <iostream>

#include <iostream>

using the standard namespace;

int main()

{

char array[] = 'Welcome to Mytour';

cout < 'The length of the string is: ' << strlen(array) << ' <p>';

return 0;

}

Output result:

Length of the string: 24

6. String manipulation functions in C++

Below is a table listing the string manipulation functions in C++:

Function Description

int compare(const string& str) Compares objects of two strings.

int length() Finds the length of the string.

void swap(string& str) Exchanges the values of two string objects.

string substr(int pos,int n) Creates a new string object consisting of n characters.

int size() Returns the length of the string in bytes.

void resize(int n) Changes the length of the string to up to n characters.

string& replace(int pos,int len,string& str) Replaces a portion of the string starting at character position and extending len characters.

string& append(const string& str) Adds new characters to the end of another string object.

char& at(int pos) Accesses individual character at the specified position.

int find(string& str,int pos,int n) Finds the specified string in the parameter.

int find_first_of(string& str,int pos,int n) Finds the first occurrence position of the specified string.

int find_first_not_of(string& str,int pos,int n ) Searches for the first character string that does not match any characters specified in the string.

int find_last_of(string& str,int pos,int n) Searches for the last occurrence of the specified character string.

int find_last_not_of(string& str,int pos) Searches for the last character that does not match the specified string.

string& insert() Inserts a new character before the specified character at the given position.

int max_size() Finds the maximum length of the string.

void push_back(char ch) Adds a new character ch at the end of the string.

void pop_back() Deletes the last character of the string.

string& assign() Assigns a new value to the string.

int copy(string& str) Copies the contents from this string to another string.

char& back() Returns a reference to the last character.

Iterator begin() Returns a reference to the first character.

int capacity() Returns the allocated storage capacity of the string.

const_iterator cbegin() Points to the first element of the string.

const_iterator cend() Points to the last element of the string.

void clear() Clears all elements of the string.

const_reverse_iterator crbegin() Points to the last character of the string.

const_char* data() Copies the characters of the string into an array.

bool empty() Checks if the string is empty or not.

string& erase() Erases all specified characters.

char& front() Returns a reference to the first character.

string& operator+=() Appends a new character at the end of the string.

string& operator=() Assigns a new value to the string.

char operator[](pos) Retrieves a character at the specified position.

int rfind() Searches for the last occurrence position of a string.

iterator end() References the last character of the string.

reverse_iterator rend() Points to the first character of the string.

void shrink_to_fit() Reduces the capacity to fit the size of the string.

char* c_str() Returns a pointer to an array containing the null-terminated sequence of characters.

const_reverse_iterator crend() References the first character of the string.

reverse_iterator rbegin() References the last character of the string.

void reserve(int len) Requests a change in the capacity member function.

allocator_type get_allocator(); Returns the allocator object associated with the string.

This article provided detailed insights into what a string is in C++. Additionally, readers can explore more articles to gain a deeper understanding of loops in C. In the next C programming tutorials on Mytour, we will delve into loops in C with specific examples and analysis.