1. The Little Match Girl - Part 1
Structure:
Divided into 3 parts:
- Part 1 (from the beginning… frozen): The pitiful circumstances of the little match girl
- Part 2 (continuing… towards the Supreme): Moments of striking matchsticks revealing simple dreams
- Part 3 (the rest): The death of the little match girl and the attitudes of everyone.
Essay Writing Guide:
Question 1 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
The text is divided into 3 parts:
- Part 1 (from the beginning… frozen): The pitiful circumstances of the little match girl
- Part 2 (continuing… towards the Supreme): The times the girl struck matchsticks
- Part 3 (the rest): The death of the girl and the attitudes of everyone.
Based on the girl's match striking to determine the small paragraphs:
+ The first three times striking, dreams of a warm stove, toys, and food appear.
+ The fourth time, the grandmother appears kind
+ the fifth time, the girl strikes all the matches in the box to hold onto the image of her grandmother.
Question 2 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- The circumstances of the little match girl:
+ Deteriorating living conditions, orphaned mother, deceased grandmother
+ Living with a difficult father who is always scolding, cursing, and beating on the attic next to the roof
- Image of the little match girl:
+ Bareheaded, barefoot, hungry, wandering the streets
+ Unable to sell any matches all day
- Time: New Year's Eve
- Space: Cold and lonely outside the brightly lit streets, all houses are glowing
+ in the street, the smell of roast goose is intoxicating
- Contrasting images used to depict the girl's hardship:
+ Beautiful house where she used to live with a Christmas tree surrounding it >< attic next to the roof with darkness and cold wind
+ Windows of all houses shining brightly and warmly >< outside the dark, cold street corner between two houses
+ The street is filled with the smell of roast goose >< the hungry, cold girl wandering in the night.
= > Contrasting images highlight the pitiful, compassionate situation of the little girl, even more pitiful is her, mother dead, living with a violent father.
Question 3 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- The little match girl's dreams are reasonably revealed with reality:
+ Wants to be warm and well-fed: stove, roast goose
+ Aspires to reunite with her family by the Christmas tree
+ Wants to be happy with her kind grandmother
+ Scene of the two flying into the sky: escaping from sorrows
- Dreams associated with reality: stove, roast goose, Christmas tree
- Purely imaginative dreams: meeting the grandmother again
= > The little match girl's dreams are also the common dreams of any child in a similar situation: wanting warmth, family happiness.
Question 4 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
Thoughts about the little match girl:
- The girl has a pitiful and unfortunate situation:
+ Living in poverty both materially and spiritually
+ Having to work hard to make a living from a very young age.
- Her dreams are realistic, simple, and innocent:
+ Dreaming of warmth, surrounded by family
+ Wanting to play according to her age
- The poor child dies of hunger and cold on the street.
Conclusion of the story:
- The scene of the little match girl dying from the cold, but still smiling - this is the author's imagination, reducing the pain.
- The death at this time is salvation - the two flying to the Supreme.
- The ending is both poignant and fairy-tale-like (reflecting dreams and aspirations for human happiness, warmth)

2. The Little Match Girl - Part 3
Structure:
- Part 1 (from the beginning... frozen): The little match girl on New Year's Eve.
- Part 2 (continuing... towards the Supreme): Reality and imagination.
- Part 3 (the rest): The heartbreaking death of the little match girl.
Question 1 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- If we take the girl's match striking as the central focus, we can divide the text into 3 parts:
+ Part 1: From the beginning to 'already frozen': The girl's circumstances and her reluctance to go home.
+ Part 2: Continuing to 'towards the Supreme': The girl's match striking moments.
+ Part 3: The rest: The girl's death and everyone's attitudes.
- The central part can be divided into smaller paragraphs based on the girl's match striking. Each match striking is a smaller paragraph.
Question 2 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- The circumstances of the little match girl:
+ Family situation: deteriorating house, mother and grandmother deceased, living with a father who constantly beats, living in a dark attic on the roof.
+ Time: Freezing New Year's Eve
+ Space: Cold and lonely street, she sits huddled in a dark corner.
- Contrasting contrasting images the author uses to depict the girl's suffering:
Previous circumstances of the girl, scene of the street Current circumstances of the girl
- Beautiful house where she used to live warmly. - A dark attic on the roof with a cold wind blowing.
- Windows of all houses shining brightly. - Outside the street, both dark and cold.
- The street is filled with the smell of roast goose. - The scene of the hungry, cold girl.
Contrast highlights the wandering, hungry misery of the girl.
Question 3 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- The little match girl's dreams are revealed reasonably after each match striking:
+ The girl is cold, so she wants a stove to warm up.
+ She is hungry, so she wishes for a sumptuous meal.
+ When warm and full, she wishes to be by the Christmas tree.
+ When welcoming the New Year, she wishes to be with her grandmother.
+ She strikes all the matchsticks to be with her grandmother forever.
- Things associated with reality: dining table, stove, Christmas tree.
Things associated with imagination: jumping roast goose, grandmother smiling at her, two flying high together.
Question 4 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
My thoughts on the story:
The story is about a poor, unfortunate little match girl. She endured hunger and died in loneliness on New Year's Eve. The author writes about the girl with a sympathetic tone while also condemning the indifferent people who ignored the girl's death. While everyone is joyous on New Year's Eve and welcomes the new year, the barefoot girl walks through the night, and no one helps. The author seems to be touched by that sad situation. With compassion, empathy, and dreams of a better life for the girl in another world, Andersen wrote, 'the little girl has rosy cheeks and lips are smiling.' He wants her to be happy, liberated from a life of hunger, and lacking love.

3. The Little Match Girl - Part 2
Summary:
On New Year's Eve, the weather is bitterly cold. A poor little match girl, orphaned, barefoot, and hungry, wanders in the darkness. She doesn't dare go home because she fears her father's abuse, as she couldn't sell any matchsticks. Sitting huddled in a corner, she strikes a match to warm herself. The first match, she envisions sitting by a warm stove, stretching her legs, but the match goes out. The second match, she sees a lavish dining table... then the match goes out. The third match, she envisions a Christmas tree, reaching towards it... and the match goes out. The fourth match, miraculously, she sees her kind grandmother, though she passed away long ago. Then the match goes out, and she strikes all the matches to hold onto her grandmother. Finally, she and her grandmother fly up high. The next morning, people find a little match girl dead from the cold, with rosy cheeks and lips smiling.
Structure:
- Part 1 (from the beginning... frozen): The little match girl on New Year's Eve.
- Part 2 (continuing... towards the Supreme): Reality and imagination.
- Part 3 (the rest): The heartbreaking death of the little match girl.
Question 1 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
Divide part 2 of the text into small paragraphs based on each match striking:
- Match 1: reveals a warm stove.
- Match 2: unveils a sumptuous dining table.
- Match 3: shows a Christmas tree.
- Match 4: she meets her grandmother.
Question 2 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- Circumstances: The little match girl is poor, motherless, her grandmother has passed away, and she lives with a harsh father who constantly scolds and beats her.
- Time: New Year's Eve. Space: Every house is brightly lit, smell of roast goose, outside is dark, and cold street.
* Contrasting images used to depict the girl's suffering:
- Beautiful house where she used to live >< dark attic on the roof.
- All houses shining bright, smell of roast goose >< hungry, wandering girl in the dark.
Question 3 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
The little match girl's dreams unfold in a logical order, fitting with the real situation and the child's psyche: Cold (stove) → Hungry (dining table) → Wishing for New Year's Eve (Christmas tree) → Lonely, suffering, remembering her kind grandmother. The fourth part (meeting her grandmother) is purely imaginative.
Question 4 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- The story of The Little Match Girl carries profound humanistic implications about unfortunate lives.
- The conclusion of the story:
+ A tragic, heart-wrenching death of a girl in the bitter cold, hunger, and darkness on New Year's Eve, a death full of sorrow.
+ On the other hand, 'rosy cheeks and lips smiling,' her death is a form of liberation. She and her grandmother ascend to the Supreme, entering an immortal realm. Andersen paints a picture of compassion, empathy, and dreams for a better life for the girl, 'the little girl has rosy cheeks and lips are smiling.'

4. The Little Match Girl - Part 5
Question 1 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
The text is divided into 3 parts:
- Part 1 (from the beginning... frozen): The pitiable situation of the little match girl.
- Part 2 (continuing... towards the Supreme): The instances of the girl striking matches.
- Part 3 (the rest): The girl's death and people's attitudes.
Based on the matches the girl struck, determine the smaller sections.
+ The first three matches reveal dreams of a warm stove, toys, and food.
+ The fourth match shows the kind grandmother.
+ The fifth match, the girl strikes all the matches to cling to the image of her grandmother.
Question 2 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- The circumstances of the little match girl:
+ Dire circumstances, motherless, grandmother passed away.
+ Living with a father prone to scolding, cursing, and beating on a cold attic roof.
- Images of the little match girl:
+ Bareheaded, barefoot, hungry, wandering the streets.
+ Unable to sell any matchsticks all day.
- Time: New Year's Eve
- Space: The cold, brightly lit streets, every house illuminated.
+ The street smells of roasting goose.
- Contrasting images used to portray the girl's misery:
+ Beautiful house where she used to live >< cold attic with a howling wind.
+ Every house brightly lit, warm >< outside, dark and cold, between two houses.
+ The street is filled with the smell of roasting goose >< hungry, shivering child.
Question 3 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
The little match girl's dreams manifest logically with reality:
+ Desiring warmth and food: stove, roasting goose.
+ Longing for a family reunion by the Christmas tree.
+ Wishing for joy with her kind grandmother.
+ The scene of the two flying up to the sky: escaping from sorrows.
- Dreams connected to reality: stove, roasting goose, Christmas tree.
- Purely imaginative dreams: meeting her grandmother.
= > The little match girl's dreams are also the common dreams of any child in a similar situation: wanting warmth, happiness with family.
Question 4 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
Thoughts on the little match girl:
- The girl has a pitiful, unfortunate situation:
+ Living in material and spiritual deprivation.
+ Having to fend for herself from a very young age.
- Her dreams are realistic, simple, and innocent:
+ Dreaming of warmth, family togetherness.
+ Wanting to play appropriately for her age.
- The unfortunate child dies of hunger and cold on the street.
Conclusion of the story:
- The scene of the little match girl's death from cold, yet with a smiling mouth - this is the author's imagination, reducing the pain.
- Her death at this moment is a kind of redemption - she and her grandmother fly towards the Supreme.
- The ending is both tragic, full of sorrow, and has a fairy tale hue (reflecting the dream, desire for human happiness, warmth).

5. The Little Match Girl - Part 4
Question 1 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
Divide part 2 of the text into small sections based on each match struck:
- Match 1: Revealing a warm stove.
- Match 2: Revealing a sumptuous dining table.
- Match 3: Revealing a Christmas tree.
- Match 4: Meeting the grandmother.
Question 2 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- Circumstances: The little match girl is poor, motherless, her grandmother passed away, and she lives with a harsh father who constantly scolds and beats her.
- Time: New Year's Eve. Space: Every house is brightly lit, there are geese roasting, outside is dark and cold, chilling.
* Contrasting images are used to underscore the extreme hardship of the little girl:
- The beautiful house she used to live in >< the dark attic next to the roof.
- Every house brightly lit, the smell of roasting goose >< the hungry, shivering child wandering in the dark night.
Question 3 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
The little girl's dreams through each match follow a logical order, fitting the real circumstances and the child's emotions: Cold (stove) → Hungry (dining table) → Dreaming of Christmas Eve (Christmas tree) → Loneliness, hardship (remembering the kind grandmother). Notably, the fourth one (meeting the grandmother) is purely imaginary.
Question 4 (page 68 Language Arts Grade 8 Volume 1):
- The story of The Little Match Girl profoundly reflects the humanitarian aspect of unfortunate lives.
- The story's conclusion:
+ A tragic drama, the death of a little girl in cold loneliness, hunger, and on New Year's Eve, a death full of sorrow.
+ On another note, the 'rosy cheeks and smiling lips' depict a liberating death; the girl, along with her grandmother, goes to the Supreme, entering the realm of immortality.

