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Today, electrical appliances are becoming increasingly common and diverse. To use them safely and efficiently, each of us needs to have a basic understanding of them. One of the common parameters on electrical appliances is power consumption. In this article, Mytour Blog will provide you with useful, easy-to-understand information on these terms.
What is Power Consumption?
Firstly, let's understand what power is? Power (Symbol P) is a quantity characteristic of the rate of doing work, determined by the work done divided by the time taken to do that work. Simply put, power consumption is the rate of electrical current usage to operate a machine, valued by the electrical energy consumed on a unit of time.
Power is the rate of using electrical energy to operate a machine (Source: Internet)Meaning of Power Consumption?
In this section, Mytour will provide you with the meaning and application of power consumption in daily life. Specifically:
- Each electrical appliance, when operated at the rated voltage, will consume power (commonly referred to as power) equal to the number of W (Watt) indicated on the appliance.
- The rated power on each electrical appliance indicates the amount of electrical energy that the appliance consumes over a unit of time when operating normally.
Based on power consumption, we can easily select electrical devices suitable for the voltage of the household power source and the family's usage needs. In particular, paying attention to power consumption helps save costs and extend the lifespan of devices; minimize the risk of electrical overload.
Meaning of Power (Source: Internet)Example: On Rang Dong Bulb labeled 220V - 15W, it means that when the current with the correct voltage of 220V passes through the bulb, the power consumption of the bulb will be equal to the rated power of 15W.
How to Calculate Electrical Power Consumption (kWh)
Electrical power consumption of the entire circuit segment is calculated by the quotient of electrical energy consumption over time or by the product of voltage and current passing through the device.
Power and power consumption (Source: Internet)Formula for power consumption on electrical devices
Most household electrical appliances provide information on the productivity of the product by manufacturers. This parameter is usually on the packaging, energy label, or directly printed on the product, indicating the level of electrical energy consumption over a certain period of time.
Formula for calculating the amount of electricity consumed by household electrical appliances is as follows:
P= A/t =U.I
Where:
- P: power consumption (W)
- A: electrical energy consumption (KWh – J- Jun)
- t: duration of electricity usage (s- seconds)
- U: voltage across the circuit segment (V – Vôn)
- I: current intensity (Ampe)
Energy labels on electrical appliances (Source: Internet)Example: Samsung air conditioner has a power of 2,638 KW, in a day (air conditioner operates for 24h) the electricity consumption is about 63,312 KWh (2,638 KW x 24h).
Note: The parameters on the devices are relative, may be less because not all devices operate at maximum power all the time, and may be more when the device has a longer lifespan.
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Formula for three-phase electrical power consumption
Three-phase power sources are commonly used in industrial areas, factories. Electricity consumption in industrial areas is extremely large, business owners have to pay a considerable amount of money for electricity consumption costs every month. Therefore, calculating three-phase electrical power consumption is extremely necessary. Three-phase voltage operates differently, so the calculation method is different from current and circuit.
Formula 1:
P = (U1xI1 + U2xI2 + U3xI3)/H
Where:
- U: voltage (V). U1, U2, U3 respectively represent the voltage of single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase currents.
- I: current intensity (A)
- H: time (h)
Formula 2:
P = UIcosφ
Where:
- cosφ is the power factor
Power consumption of some common appliances
From the above formulas and based on the consumption parameters on the appliances, applied to the devices around us, we can easily calculate their power consumption.
Industrial Vacuum Cleaner
The power of the machine is the number that clearly shows the ability to consume electrical energy of the vacuum cleaner. Or it can be said to be the operating capacity of the machine, the higher the power, the stronger the suction force of the machine.
On the market, there are machines with power ranging from 1000W – 3000W. Therefore, in one hour of continuous operation, the device consumes about 1kWh – 3kWh of electrical energy.
HiClean Dry and Wet Vacuum Cleaner (Source: Internet)Car Washing Machine
According to recommendations from experts and manufacturers, car washing machines with power ranging from 1,300W to 2,300W are sufficient and suitable for household washing activities such as: car washing, watering plants, cleaning houses, furniture, etc.
Some household car washing machines with high power 2,000W to 2,800W not only are expensive, exceeding the family's usage needs, but also consume excessive electrical energy during usage.
Furthermore, high-power machines require a stable power supply condition, if the voltage level is not sufficient to supply the machine, it will lead to vibration, difficult control, and inefficient operation.
Car Washing Machine (Source: Internet)Air Conditioner
When installing an air conditioner in a room, you need to carefully calculate to ensure the machine can operate well and save costs efficiently.
- If the power of the machine is too small compared to the area of the room, the machine will have to operate continuously at maximum power, causing overload and consuming a lot of energy.
- Conversely, installing an air conditioner with a power too large compared to the area of the room also leads to wasteful energy consumption and higher machine purchase costs.
Based on power, air conditioners on the market can be divided into two types:
- 12000 BTU with power of 1500W.
- 9000 BTU with power ranging from 800W to 850W.
Air Conditioner (Source: Internet)Electric Fan
See more:
Electric Fan (Source: Internet)Current ceiling fan models on the market typically fall within the range of 70W to 85W depending on the design of each product. However, most ceiling fans are high-powered, reaching up to 300W. Despite their large size, ceiling fans operate quite smoothly and thanks to their high power, they have the ability to cool a wide area.
Pedestal fans are popular in households due to their compactness, flexibility, suitable for use in small spaces. Typically, pedestal fans have a power consumption ranging from 45W to 75W. Remote-controlled pedestal fans, smart pedestal fans mostly have power consumption not exceeding 100W.
Hoping this article will provide you with comprehensive information on power consumption. Thus, you can shop for and use electrical appliances efficiently for yourself and your family. Don't forget to visit Mytour.vn – The leading reputable e-commerce website in Vietnam to enjoy amazing deals.
