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The ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly, China, have been recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. This site holds numerous historical values. If you're a history enthusiast and love exploring, you'll surely enjoy this place. It's a relic within the Quách fortress complex, with remaining tombs still intact. Let's explore what makes this place so enticing!
A glimpse into the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly
The ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly lie between the territories of Liaoning and Heilongjiang provinces. This kingdom existed from 37 BCE to 668 CE. However, historical records also suggest its establishment in the 2nd century. Most feudal dynasties had relatively short lifespans, usually ranging from a few decades to a few centuries. However, the Cao Câu Ly kingdom surpassed that threshold, becoming the longest-lasting dynasty in the world.
This fortress comprises the archaeological sites of three major citadels: Hoàn Đô, Ngũ Nữ Sơn, and Quốc Nội Sơn. Additionally, there are 40 royal tombs. Ngũ Nữ Sơn served as the first capital of the ancient city. Besides, Quốc Nội Sơn and Hoàn Đô also served as capitals of this kingdom.
Image of the ruins of Cao Câu Ly fortress when viewed from above (Image Source: Collected)
Although this is a historical site of China, it actually belongs to the Korean people. Historically, this imperial land belonged to Korea but was later occupied by China. After the kingdom's capital moved to Pyongyang, Quốc Nội became the second capital.
Hoàn Đô is home to numerous historical relics, including several royal tombs and a large palace. Ngũ Nữ Sơn has only been partially excavated and is currently under study. The name Cao Câu Ly is also known by various other names such as Cao Cú Ly, Cao Cầu Ly, Cổ Cao Ly, or Goguryeo.
Some historical records about Cao Câu Ly
Cao Chu Mông, also known as Go Jumong, was the first king of Cao Câu Ly. He was the founder of ancient Korea. Throughout history, this kingdom repeatedly resisted Chinese invasions. In 589, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty led 300,000 troops to attack Cao Câu Ly but failed.
From 612 to 614, the Sui Dynasty launched several unsuccessful invasions. During the transition from the Sui to the Tang Dynasty, Cao Câu Ly constructed defensive walls, which proved effective against Tang invasions. Subsequently, the kingdom allied with Bách Tế to attack Tân La, prompting Tân La to seek assistance from the Tang Dynasty.
A remaining fragment of the ruins (Image Source: Collected)
The Tang Dynasty collaborated with Tân La to eliminate Bách Tế, isolating Cao Câu Ly. By the year 666, internal conflicts arose within Cao Câu Ly, leading to its gradual decline. In 668, it was ultimately destroyed by the Tang Dynasty and Tân La. Thus ended a dynasty of prosperity and grandeur.
The impressive architecture of the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom
The ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom contain 40 royal tombs, including 26 noble tombs and 14 tombs of kings. The architecture of each tomb showcases meticulous craftsmanship. Heavy stones are skillfully stacked to create sturdy structures.
Unique wall carvings adorn the walls (Image Source: Collected)
Some tombs will feature ceilings with wide-designed roofs. These tombs almost have no support columns. Inside the tombs are intricately carved and vividly painted murals, showcasing rich artistic influences from various cultures. These murals somewhat reflect the creativity of ancient people.
What criteria does UNESCO recognize the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom based on?
Many travelers book tours to China because this country has many amazing things to discover. The historical, cultural, and touristic sites here always leave a strong impression on visitors. Some of these 'masterpieces' have also received UNESCO recognition. And the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom are among them.
These remaining historical evidences hold immense value (Image Source: Collected)
Surely you're wondering why these ancient ruins receive such recognition. If you're puzzled by this issue, let's delve into the information below! These details will shed light on a small aspect of the evaluation criteria.
- The ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom possess beautifully structured tombs, showcasing the remarkable creativity of ancient people.
- The capital and tombs of Cao Câu Ly are exemplary of the first mountain city in China. This place amalgamates various cultures from neighboring regions.
- The wall paintings also demonstrate the skillfulness of ancient craftsmen.
- The ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom are evidence of a lost historical dynasty.
- The ancient fortress is a result of perfect harmony between humans and nature.
- Ancient citadels like Ngữ Nữ Sơn and Quốc Nội have significantly influenced the construction of Cao Câu Ly's capital.
Other tourist spots in Cát Lâm besides the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom
You can combine various tourist attractions in your itinerary to explore the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom. This allows you to visit many places in a short time. Consider optimizing your schedule in this manner!
1. Manchao Palace Museum
You can visit the Manchao Palace Museum after exploring the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom. This is one of the three remaining imperial palaces in China. The palace served as the official residence of Emperor Puyi, the last emperor of China. It was constructed by the Japanese Imperial Army.
The palace is classified as a 5A scenic spot by the China National Tourism Administration. At first sight, you'll be amazed by its luxurious design. The total area of the palace is up to 12 hectares. Within the palace grounds, there are gardens, ponds, lakes, and even swimming pools.
Inside the palace, there are still some images of Emperor Puyi and his family. This historical destination is equally fascinating as the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom. Indeed, it's worth a visit.
2. Mount Truong Bach
Mount Truong Bach is a hot check-in spot not inferior to the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom. The majestic natural beauty here will satisfy even the most discerning travelers. It's known as a vast nature reserve, home to rare animals such as black bears, deer, tigers, and leopards. It's estimated that up to 200 wild animals inhabit this mountain.
Mount Truong Bach with its impressive beauty (Image Source: Collected)
What's more special is that this mountain has many hot springs and over 1,500 different plant species. Conquering this mountain, you'll reach the heavenly lake at the summit. Many people liken the scenery here to a painting...
3. Bach Thanh Nature Reserve
Alongside the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom, you can visit the Bach Thanh Nature Reserve. This location is perfect for nature lovers. You'll have an impressive journey of natural exploration here. This reserve plays a crucial role in the ecosystem.
Bach Thanh owns many beautiful lakes, along with rare animal and plant species. The reserve nurtures over 600 wild plant species and 296 bird species, 10 of which are listed in the Red Book.
4. Mount La Phap
Mount La Phap is an equally fascinating destination compared to the ancient walls of Cao Câu Ly kingdom. The beauty of this mountain is encapsulated in three words: 'Mysterious, Enchanting, and Adventurous.' The mountain boasts incredibly picturesque landscapes and expansive views.
In spring, the scenery here bursts with life. In autumn, the colors are vibrant and captivating. In winter, the mountain is covered in white snow. The term 'Enchanting' refers to the shape of the mountain. Some mountain peaks have amusing shapes, like pine trees or bears.
Mount La Phap with its lush green hues (Image Source: Collected)
'Adventurous' refers to the challenging nature of Mount La Phap. Although not very tall, conquering it is no easy feat. The narrowest part of the mountain is only 30 cm wide, making it difficult for many climbers.
China will definitely be a fantastic destination for your journey. Historical landmarks such as the ancient fortress of the Cao Câu Ly kingdom will add excitement to your trip. If you're considering booking a tour to China, feel free to contact Mytour at the hotline Mytour!
