Buzz
The Forbidden City is not just a historical site but also a museum that holds mysterious tales and unspoken secrets of the past. Join Mytour on a journey to explore the Forbidden City in China.
Stepping into the Forbidden City, you’ll find yourself immersed in a vast historical world that unveils the mysteries of China’s feudal dynasties. Towering stone walls, magnificent palaces, and millennia-old memories come alive in every corner of this iconic site. Known as a symbol of wealth, power, and the civilization of the Eastern empire, the Forbidden City is not just a historical landmark but also an exciting journey to uncover the secrets and enigmas of the past.
Where is the Forbidden City Located?
Situated in the heart of Beijing, the Forbidden City (also known as the Palace Museum) served as the imperial palace for both the Ming and Qing dynasties. It stands as an architectural symbol of imperial grandeur, featuring a system of majestic palaces. The surrounding walls, ancient stone pathways, and luxurious palaces all reflect the splendor and authority of the ancient court.
The History of China's Forbidden City
Also known as the Palace Museum, the Forbidden City is both a complex of palaces and a symbol of Chinese culture and history. Construction began in 1406 and was completed in 1420, with the palace witnessing and documenting centuries of Chinese history through the Ming and Qing dynasties.
With a history spanning over 500 years, the Forbidden City was not just a royal residence but also the center of power, civilization, and art during the feudal era. From its opulent palaces to serene gardens, and from art exhibitions to grand festivals, the Palace Museum stands as a testament to China’s wealth and feudal heritage.
In 1987, the Palace Museum was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is also the largest ancient wooden complex in the world. Since then, it has become a must-visit destination for those seeking to explore Chinese culture and history, as well as an endless source of inspiration for researchers and travelers worldwide.
What Makes the Architecture of the Forbidden City Unique?
The Forbidden City covers a total area of approximately 720,000 square meters, with the main construction area spanning about 150,000 square meters. It is divided into 980 buildings and contains 9,999 rooms. Additionally, the palace is protected by 10-meter-high walls and a 52-meter-wide moat. The four main gates leading into the city are Meridian Gate to the south, Gate of Divine Might to the north, East Glorious Gate to the east, and West Glorious Gate to the west.
Each corner of the city walls features a watchtower with intricate architecture. The Forbidden City is divided into the Outer Court and the Inner Court, with the Outer Court hosting ceremonial events and the Inner Court serving as the private living quarters of the royal family.
In addition to its main highlights, the Forbidden City boasts numerous intricate architectural details, such as:
- Elegant Curved Roofs: The roofs of the Forbidden City are designed with graceful curves, exuding a majestic and splendid beauty.
- Ceramic Figurine System: The rooftops of the palaces are adorned with colorful ceramic figurines, featuring dragons, phoenixes, and other mythical creatures, symbolizing the strength and authority of the royal family.
- Lacquer and Wood Carvings: The Forbidden City is renowned for its exquisite lacquerwork and wood carvings. The lacquer paintings and intricate wood carvings on doors, pillars, and furniture reflect the rich artistic traditions of China.
The architecture of the Forbidden City stands as a testament to the creativity and masterful construction techniques of feudal China. It is not only a symbol of imperial power but also a priceless cultural heritage that attracts visitors from around the globe.
The Significance of the Beijing Palace Museum
The name 'Forbidden City' carries profound meanings. First, the term 'Zi' (Purple) in 'Forbidden City' refers to the color purple, associated with the North Star, which is believed to be the dwelling of the Jade Emperor in Chinese mythology. Thus, the name signifies the residence of a highly revered figure—the emperor, also known as the Son of Heaven.
Additionally, the Forbidden City is understood as a strictly controlled and restricted area. This reflects the power and influence of the royal family while creating a mysterious and secluded space.
The Palaces Within China's Forbidden City
The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, comprises a total of 72 palaces (or halls) with 890 distinct architectural structures, spread across an area of 720,000 square meters. However, this number may vary depending on classification methods. Some sources count only the main structures as palaces, resulting in a figure of around 60.
- Three Main Halls (Outer Court): The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony, where significant imperial ceremonies were held.
- Inner Court: The living quarters for the Emperor, Empress, concubines, and eunuchs. This includes palaces such as the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, the Hall of Union, the Palace of Longevity, and the Palace of Eternal Harmony, among others.
- Eastern and Western Palaces: Residences for the crown prince, concubines, and other members of the royal family.
- Other Palaces: Includes structures dedicated to worship, study, entertainment, and more. Additionally, the Forbidden City features numerous gardens, pavilions, towers, lakes, and ponds, creating a magnificent and unique architectural complex.
The three halls, three inner courts, and the Imperial Garden are aligned along a central axis running from north to south, extending symmetrically on both sides. This central axis also stretches through the Meridian Gate in the south, the Drum and Bell Towers in the north, and spans the entire palace complex.
This interconnected layout forms a network linking the palaces, highlighting the importance and strength of the central axis in achieving balance and harmony in the Forbidden City's architecture.
Map of China's Forbidden City
Located in the heart of Beijing, the Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, is a majestic and grand complex that embodies traditional Chinese architectural brilliance. According to Zhihu, its construction began during the Ming Dynasty, based on the unique philosophies of 'Unity of Heaven and Humanity' and 'Three Powers.' The layout of the palaces is arranged in groups, forming a symmetrical network with the Hall of Supreme Harmony at its center.
The Forbidden City was built along a north-south axis, with the awe-inspiring Hall of Supreme Harmony positioned at its core. This axis divides the complex into two sections: the Outer Court (front) for administrative activities and the Inner Court (rear) for the royal family's private life.
The main palaces within the Forbidden City are organized in a grid-like pattern, with secondary axes creating clear divisions between functional areas. Each zone has distinct features, reflecting its role and significance within the imperial court.
The architecture of the Forbidden City is also heavily influenced by feng shui principles. The selection of locations, building orientations, and layouts were meticulously planned to bring good fortune and prosperity to the dynasty.
The Hidden Stories of China's Forbidden City
With over 500 years of history, the Forbidden City holds countless secrets and fascinating tales. Beneath the grand arches of its palaces and within its towering walls, the daily lives of the royal family, along with their intrigues, schemes, and romances, have become an inseparable part of China's history.
Certain rooms within the Forbidden City remain sealed off and inaccessible to the public. Rumors suggest these spaces house priceless treasures, artifacts, or even ancient spells guarded since antiquity. Additionally, tales of ghostly apparitions of palace maids and wandering spirits have become the subject of urban legends. It is said that on dark nights, footsteps and whispers can be heard echoing through the silent halls of the palace.
Guide to Visiting the Beijing Palace Museum
To reach the Palace Museum, you can fly from Vietnam to Beijing. Several airlines operate this route, including Vietnam Airlines, China Southern, Air China, and Sichuan Airlines.
Once in Beijing, you can hire a chauffeur-driven car to travel to the Palace Museum. This not only saves time but also offers greater convenience for getting around the city.
Getting a SIM Card & Wifi in China
Preparing a SIM card and Wifi is essential when visiting the Forbidden City. This allows you to share beautiful moments and memories with friends and family while also accessing necessary information when needed.
Mytour specializes in providing SIM and Wifi services, offering a variety of plans tailored to meet all your needs. Purchase now:
Famous Attractions in China's Forbidden City
1. Palace of Heavenly Purity - Forbidden City
Originally constructed in 1420 during the 18th year of the Yongle era in the Ming Dynasty, the Palace of Heavenly Purity, as we see it today, is the result of a reconstruction in 1798 during the 3rd year of the Jiaqing era in the Qing Dynasty.
Covering an area of 1,400 square meters, it is considered one of the largest structures within the Inner Court of the Forbidden City. The Palace of Heavenly Purity also served as the residence for 14 emperors during the Ming Dynasty.
2. Palace of Earthly Tranquility - Forbidden City
The Palace of Earthly Tranquility spans approximately 35 meters in length and 20 meters in width, serving as the venue for royal banquets, court festivals, and imperial celebrations.
With its roof crafted from precious wood, the Palace of Earthly Tranquility highlights the traditional beauty of Chinese palace architecture. Additionally, it impresses visitors with intricate traditional carvings, showcasing the sophistication and artistry of ancient Chinese craftsmanship.
3. Palace of Eternal Spring - Beijing Palace Museum
As one of the most significant palaces in the Forbidden City, the Palace of Eternal Spring was first constructed in 1420 during the 18th year of the Yongle era in the Ming Dynasty and later rebuilt in 1683 during the 22nd year of the Kangxi era in the Qing Dynasty.
The Palace of Eternal Spring features a design with five bays and a roof covered in yellow glazed tiles. Flanking the main hall are bronze tortoises and cranes, symbolizing the stability and authority of the imperial court.
4. Palace of Union
The Palace of Union was constructed in 1420 during the 18th year of the Yongle era in the Ming Dynasty. It served as the residence for imperial concubines and was a venue for court activities and ceremonies.
The main hall of the Palace of Union spans five bays and is roofed with yellow glazed tiles. Beneath the eaves, brackets and beams are adorned with colorful paintings. In front of the hall, you’ll find the "Guangming Shengchang" screen, symbolizing prosperity and flourishing.
5. Palace of Eternal Longevity - Forbidden City
Originally named the Palace of Eternal Joy, the Palace of Eternal Longevity is a unique and treasured architectural gem within the Forbidden City.
The Palace of Eternal Longevity features two entrances, with its main hall located in the front courtyard. The palace spans five bays and is covered with yellow glazed tiles, creating a traditional and magnificent scene. Inside, you’ll find artifacts bearing the inscriptions of Emperor Qianlong.
6. Palace of Gathered Elegance - Forbidden City
As one of the most significant and ancient palaces in the Forbidden City, the Palace of Gathered Elegance served as the residence for concubines during the Ming and Qing dynasties, embodying the grandeur of Chinese imperial architecture.
First constructed in 1420 during the 18th year of the Yongle era in the Ming Dynasty, the Palace of Gathered Elegance has undergone numerous historical changes and subsequent restorations. In 1884, to commemorate Empress Dowager Cixi’s 50th birthday, the court spent 630,000 taels of silver on a large-scale renovation of the palace.
7. Imperial Garden - Forbidden City
Located along the central axis of the Palace Museum and behind the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, the Imperial Garden was first built during the Ming Dynasty in 1420.
The Imperial Garden is often described as a serene and picturesque space, with lush greenery, tranquil ponds, and stone-paved pathways. It was a favorite retreat for emperors and concubines, offering a peaceful escape to enjoy nature’s beauty after the stresses of court life.
8. Hall of Supreme Harmony - Forbidden City
Representing the power of the Chinese emperor, the Hall of Supreme Harmony is one of the most magnificent palaces in the Forbidden City.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony served as the venue for imperial audiences and political discussions. It was a crucial space within the palace, where significant national decisions were made and debated. With its splendid architecture and dragon-themed decorations, the hall embodies the majesty and integrity of the imperial court.
9. Hall of Central Harmony - Forbidden City
Located behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony spans an impressive area of 580 square meters and reaches a height of 27 meters.
The Hall of Central Harmony features corridors on all four sides and a pointed roof with four corners. The roof is adorned with gilded decorations, exuding a luxurious and elegant beauty. Before ceremonies in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the emperor would often rest here and perform preparatory rituals.
10. Hall of Preserving Harmony
Standing at an impressive height of 29 meters and covering an area of 1,240 square meters, the Hall of Preserving Harmony is a unique and striking architectural symbol.
The roof of the Hall of Preserving Harmony features two layers of yellow glazed tiles. This palace was used to host imperial banquets and significant court events, such as New Year’s feasts and prestigious examinations.
11. Hall of Union - Beijing Palace Museum
The Hall of Union is designed in a classical architectural style, featuring intricate and majestic details. The plaque inscribed with "Wu Wei" by Emperor Kangxi and the screen adorned with "Wen Zi Gong Jiao Tai" by Emperor Qianlong are both symbols of imperial authority.
This hall also houses 25 seals of the Qing Dynasty. Every year, during the first lunar month, the emperor would visit the Hall of Union to offer incense and perform traditional rituals.
12. Hall of Supreme Ancestry - Beijing Palace Museum
Constructed in 1420 during the 18th year of the Yongle era in the Ming Dynasty, the Hall of Supreme Ancestry was originally named the Palace of Weiyang.
The Hall of Supreme Ancestry symbolizes the prosperity and authority of the imperial court and has been the site of numerous significant historical and cultural events. With its architectural beauty and profound historical significance, the Hall of Supreme Ancestry is a must-visit attraction when exploring the Forbidden City.
13. Pavilion of Spiritual Cultivation - Beijing Palace Museum
Located to the east of the square in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Pavilion of Spiritual Cultivation is also known as the Literary Tower.
During the Kangxi era, this pavilion hosted important cultural events and poetry competitions, attracting poets and court officials from both within and outside the empire. Members of the Qing Dynasty royal family also frequently gathered here to discuss and make decisions on critical court matters.
14. Pavilion of Great Righteousness
The Pavilion of Great Righteousness is a historical and cultural architectural structure located to the southwest of the Hall of Supreme Harmony. This structure stands at an impressive height of 23.8 meters and is roofed with yellow glazed tiles. Surrounded by corridors on all four sides, it exudes an elegant and majestic architectural style.
Today, it hosts the "Exhibition of Imperial Rituals and Music." Visitors can explore and gain deeper insights into the art and culture of the Qing Dynasty through unique artifacts.
15. Pavilion of Jade Essence
The Pavilion of Jade Essence is situated in a stunning location atop a rockery in the eastern part of the Imperial Garden. Built in a square shape, the pavilion features a pointed roof covered with jade-green glazed tiles, accented with golden edges and a gilded finial. The sides of the pavilion are adorned with lattice doors, creating a magnificent and regal appearance.
Exploring the Forbidden City is a fascinating and memorable journey, where you can immerse yourself in the vast historical space of China's imperial dynasties. From opulent palaces to ancient walls, from secretive tales to grand historical relics, the Forbidden City has captivated generations.
You can read more about Self-Guided Travel Experiences in Beijing, China, 15 Famous Beijing Tourist Spots for Independent Travelers, Guide to Applying for a China Tourist Visa in 2024, Latest Travel Tips for China in 2024,... on Mytour Vietnam.
Start planning your trip to the Forbidden City - Beijing Palace Museum today!
