The liver normally produces bile, a fluid that aids in the digestion of fats and absorption of vital vitamins in the small intestine. The gallbladder stores this bile. However, when cholesterol levels in bile become excessive, cholesterol stones can form. Women are more likely to develop gallstones than men, as estrogen raises cholesterol levels in the bile. Obesity is another risk factor. About 20% of gallstones are pigment stones, made up of calcium salts and bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown. This type of stone is usually linked to liver disease, anemia, or bile duct infections. The most common treatment for gallstones is laparoscopic surgery to remove the gallbladder, though there are also non-surgical treatment options available.
Steps
Non-surgical treatment options

Consider using oral stone-dissolving therapy. A doctor may prescribe ursodiol to dissolve gallstones without surgery. This medication is essentially bile acid in pill form. Ursodiol is a widely used and safe medication on the market.
- Oral stone-dissolving therapy is most effective for treating small gallstones (under 1.5 cm in diameter) with high cholesterol content. Around 30% of gallstone patients may benefit from this approach.
- If you have pigment stones, you will likely need alternative treatments.
- This method tends to be less effective for obese patients.

Use shock wave therapy. This treatment is typically combined with oral stone-dissolving therapy, although it is less commonly used today due to the prevalence of laparoscopic surgery. Shock wave therapy, also known as lithotripsy, uses sound waves to break down gallstones into smaller, more easily dissolvable fragments.
- This method is most effective for treating gallstones with a diameter under 2 cm.
- This treatment is quite rare as it is only available in a few locations.

Understand that gallstones often recur after non-surgical treatments. Gallstones tend to reappear in most patients who undergo lithotripsy, which is why this method is becoming less popular. It is generally used for patients who are not fit for surgery.
Try alternative therapies

Treating gallstones with plant-based chemicals. Scientific experiments on a proprietary blend of plant compounds called Rowachol have shown promising results. A 6-month treatment regimen completely or partially dissolved gallstones in 29% of a study group of 27 patients.
- These plant chemicals seem to stimulate bile production by the liver and inhibit the formation of cholesterol stones.
- Rowachol also enhances the effects of other solvents.

Consider gallbladder detox methods. There are differing opinions on the effectiveness of liver and gallbladder detoxification methods. No scientific evidence supports their effectiveness, yet people continue to share anecdotal success stories. It’s important to note that most of the ‘evidence’ found in stool after detox is not gallstones but a byproduct of the detox process. However, you may want to try the following options:
- Fast for 12 hours. Starting at 7 pm, drink 4 tablespoons of olive oil, followed by 1 tablespoon of lemon juice. Repeat every 15 minutes over an 8-hour period.
- Another method involves eating only an apple and vegetable juice throughout the day. Around 5 or 6 pm, drink 18 ml of olive oil, followed by 9 ml of fresh lemon juice. Repeat every 15 minutes until you’ve consumed 240 ml of olive oil.
- The detox process often causes pain and diarrhea.
- The next morning, you may pass soft, round green or brown particles. Remember, these are not gallstones but detox byproducts.

Try acupuncture. This method may not completely eliminate existing gallstones, but it can help alleviate spasms, promote bile flow, and improve the function of the liver and gallbladder.

Treat gallbladder symptoms with herbs or homeopathic remedies. Keep in mind that these therapies will not remove gallstones but can help reduce symptoms, making the presence of gallstones more tolerable.
- Green tea, milk thistle, artichoke, and turmeric may support liver and gallbladder function. Consult a healthcare professional before using herbal treatments. If misused, these herbs may trigger gallbladder pain or cause unwanted side effects.
- Homeopathic treatments for gallstones include colocynthis (bitter cucumber), chelidonium (greater celandine), and lycopodium (clubmoss) in specific concentrations. Note that there is no scientific evidence proving the efficacy of homeopathic treatments.
Prevent gallstone formation

Follow a diet proven to help prevent gallstones. Certain dietary habits have been linked to lower rates of gallbladder disease, including:
- Consuming polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats.
- Eating plenty of fiber.
- Incorporating caffeine into your daily diet.
- Following a vegetarian diet.
- Avoiding excessive refined sugars like sucrose and fructose.
- Some indirect evidence suggests that consuming large amounts of beans may increase the risk of gallbladder disease.
- Limiting alcohol consumption to a minimal amount.
- Consider eating 30 grams of peanuts or other nuts multiple times a week. This has been shown to be effective in certain studies, especially among women.
- Eat regularly and avoid skipping meals.

Use nutritional foods to help prevent gallstones. Foods containing vitamin C, soy lecithin, and iron have been shown to be effective in preventing the development of gallstones.

Lose weight gradually and maintain a healthy weight. Rapid weight loss can increase the risk of developing gallstones. While obesity is a risk factor for gallbladder disease, it is important to reduce this risk gradually by losing weight cautiously. The best approach is slow and steady weight loss of 0.5 to 1 kg per week.

Test for food allergies and remove allergens from your diet. Identifying and avoiding foods that trigger allergies can help reduce the risk of gallstone formation.
Advice
- Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment for symptomatic gallstones. For patients with asymptomatic gallstones, very few doctors opt for treatment.
- Non-surgical treatments for symptomatic gallstones are generally reserved for patients who refuse surgery or are unable to undergo surgery.
