How to Interact with Individuals with Dissociative Identity Disorder

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is a condition that brings fatigue and fear not only to the affected individuals but also to those around them. DID is characterized by the development of multiple distinct identities or personalities. This disorder is highly controversial, and individuals suffering from it may face significant stigma. It's crucial to interact with those with DID with empathy to help improve their well-being.

Recognizing the Symptoms of the Disorder. DID is primarily characterized by the existence of multiple distinct personalities, often referred to as alternate identities. These identities can be complex, with their own histories, physical characteristics, and behaviors. For example, an adult might have an alternate identity that represents a child. Changes in voice, gestures, attitudes, and preferences are common indicators of the presence of alternate identities. When these identities emerge, the person may experience memory loss for certain periods, preventing them from recognizing the presence of these alternate identities. This transition between identities is known as a 'switch.'

• People with DID often experience anxiety, depression, self-harm, sleep disorders, and/or alcohol abuse.
• The severity of symptoms can vary greatly from one individual to another.

Avoid making judgments. People with mental illnesses often hesitate to seek help or cooperate with treatment due to the stigma surrounding mental health. This is particularly true for those with DID, as Dissociative Identity Disorder is not widely recognized as a disorder, despite the diagnostic criteria being outlined in DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). Be cautious not to make individuals with DID feel ashamed or embarrassed about their condition. - Always remember that controlling the reactions of others is difficult. This helps you understand the complexity of living with someone who has a mental health condition.

Ask if you are close to the person. If the person is a friend or a family member, inquire about their experiences to show you care. Strangers might feel uncomfortable with personal questions about their mental state, so it's best to avoid bringing it up. - Ask how they feel before and after a personality shift occurs. This will give you more insight into their experience. - Show empathy by understanding their fear, confusion, and distress.

Be there for them. Shame and stigma often cause individuals with mental illnesses to feel isolated. Help them maintain a healthy relationship by actively engaging in conversation with them. There's no need to discuss DID specifically. In fact, it might be more helpful if you simply spend time with them without mentioning the disorder. This allows them to feel 'normal.' - Plan weekly meetings to maintain the relationship. - Find activities to do together that take the focus off DID.

Join a support group. Being part of a support group is a great way to connect with others facing similar challenges. Offer to join a group with them to show your support. - DID is a rare condition, so it might be hard to find a dedicated group where you live. Larger cities might have specific support groups for dissociative disorders, but in smaller towns, you may need to search for general mental health support groups. - If you can't find a local support group, you can join an online one.

Always offer support. Show the person that you care and are there for them by joining support groups. This will not only help you gain knowledge but also provide opportunities for you to be of assistance. - Encourage them to join the group with you. Being part of a support group will help the individual better understand social experiences and overcome stigma.

Help individuals with DID avoid triggering factors. Trauma is a common aspect of DID, and dissociative identity shifts often occur in response to intense emotional stress. This means that stressful emotions can trigger personality changes. For people with DID, avoiding triggers helps them recognize and manage stressful situations. If you notice something that might provoke strong emotions, change the subject or suggest an unrelated activity. - Medications and alcohol can trigger these shifts, so it's best to avoid encouraging their use.

Introduce yourself. If a new personality emerges while you are present, they may not recognize you. If this happens, they might feel confused or frightened. Help them calm down by introducing yourself and explaining your relationship. - If the person with DID is your spouse, avoid introducing yourself as their husband/wife. For example, a childlike personality might be very confused, or a personality of a different gender could be uncomfortable with this gender distinction.

Encourage the person to cooperate with treatment. Treatment for DID often involves regular therapy sessions and lifestyle changes. Those dealing with depression and/or anxiety may require medication. Strict adherence to the treatment plan is essential for effectiveness, so encourage their participation. - Support them by accompanying them to therapy appointments. - Lifestyle changes may include healthy eating, regular exercise, and avoiding substances like drugs or alcohol. You can encourage these changes by implementing them yourself, at least while you're with the person undergoing treatment. - Suggest setting reminders to take medication as prescribed by their doctor. - If the person expresses difficulty cooperating or is considering withdrawing from treatment, suggest they consult with a doctor for appropriate treatment options.

• Physical health is closely connected to mental well-being, so it is essential to maintain a balanced diet and exercise regularly.

• If you are concerned that the person may harm themselves or others, seek immediate help.
• Discontinuing medication suddenly can be very dangerous. Encourage the person to see a doctor if they plan to stop taking their medication.
• Substance abuse, including recreational drugs and alcohol, can worsen symptoms and increase their severity. Therefore, they should be avoided.