A second of migraine pain can feel unbearably long when you're dealing with it and its associated symptoms. Treat the pain as soon as possible by finding a soothing environment and trying natural remedies or medication to ease the discomfort. Keep in mind, you might need a combination of treatments—altering your environment alongside taking medication to break the migraine cycle.
Steps
Try Natural Remedies

Take the right supplements. Studies suggest certain supplements can help alleviate migraines, including Vitamin B2, Feverfew, Melatonin, Butterbur, Co-Q10, and Magnesium.
- Butterbur is considered the most effective and can both prevent and reduce the severity of migraines. It helps decrease inflammation and stabilize circulation, working as a beta blocker to prevent blood vessel constriction. A 50 mg dose is recommended, ensuring the product is labeled as 'Free PA (Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Free)'.
- Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, has been shown to reduce the frequency and severity of migraines. Taking 400 mg of Vitamin B2 daily can cut the frequency of migraines in half. It may also offer temporary relief if taken during a migraine attack.
- Feverfew, Melatonin, and Co-Q10 (Coenzyme Q10) may or may not help reduce migraine severity once the pain has started. However, supplementing with stable doses could reduce the frequency of attacks.
- The effectiveness of Magnesium is uncertain. A 500 mg magnesium supplement might help alleviate pain linked to the menstrual cycle, but its broader effectiveness is debated. You may try combining magnesium with riboflavin and Butterbur as a daily preventive regimen for migraines.

Make tea from lavender or other beneficial herbs. Herbal teas can help relax the body and relieve stress, which is a contributing factor to migraines. By drinking herbal tea, you may notice the pain subsiding faster. Experts suggest lavender, ginger, peppermint, and cayenne pepper can be helpful.
- Lavender helps reduce blood vessel inflammation and is generally the most effective herb for treating anxiety, stress, and stress-induced migraines. In addition to drinking lavender tea, you can apply dry lavender sachets to your eyes to ease a recently started migraine.
- Ginger, peppermint, and cayenne pepper all have natural pain-relieving properties. Ginger and peppermint are especially effective in alleviating the nausea that often accompanies a migraine. Note that ginger can thin the blood, so avoid it if you’re on blood thinners.
- Prepare an herbal tea to soothe your migraine by steeping a pinch of cayenne pepper, a 2.5 cm piece of fresh ginger, and 1 teaspoon (5 ml) of dried peppermint leaves in 2 cups (500 ml) of boiling water for 15 minutes.

Consider consuming a small amount of caffeine. Caffeine is a bit of a paradox when it comes to migraines. Too much caffeine can trigger a migraine, but a small amount after the pain starts can help relieve it.
- Consume only a small dose of caffeine: 1 soda, 1 cup of coffee, 1 tea, or 1 chocolate bar is sufficient. Avoid energy drinks high in caffeine.
- Note that this method is usually only effective if the headache is not caused by caffeine consumption.

Massage the temples and neck. Migraines are closely linked to tension. Sometimes, a simple, quick massage can help relax the muscles and blood vessels enough to relieve the pain.
- Using your index and middle fingers from both hands, gently massage your temples, the sides of your neck, and the back of your neck. Apply firm but gentle pressure in small, circular motions.
- To enhance the massage technique, dip your fingers into ice-cold water before starting. The cold can help constrict blood vessels, slowing circulation to the head.

Relieve mild migraines with gentle aerobic exercises. As long as the pain doesn’t prevent you from moving, light aerobic exercises can improve circulation throughout the body and help eliminate the migraine pain.
- Aerobic exercises like brisk walking, slow jogging, cycling, or swimming can be helpful when experiencing a migraine.
- As the heart pumps blood, circulation throughout the body improves and stabilizes, reducing the blood flow rushing to the head.
- Additionally, exercising is a great way to relax and relieve stress, which can be a trigger for migraines.
Try medication

Take over-the-counter pain relievers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and painkillers can help reduce blood vessel inflammation, easing migraine pain.
- NSAIDs include Naproxen and Ibuprofen. Pain relievers include aspirin and acetaminophen.
- For optimal effectiveness, take pain relievers within 30 minutes of the first symptoms of a migraine. While still effective after 30 minutes, the migraine may last longer.
- Avoid taking these medications more than twice a week, as excessive use may lead to rebound migraines once the medication wears off.

Try over-the-counter pain relievers with caffeine. Some over-the-counter medications combine painkillers with a small dose of caffeine. Caffeine helps constrict blood vessels and enhances the effectiveness of pain relievers.
- These medications, such as Excedrin Migraine, typically combine acetaminophen or aspirin with caffeine.
- Studies show these medications can work 20 minutes faster than those without caffeine.
- Like other pain relievers, take these medications within 30 minutes of the first symptoms and limit use to no more than twice a week.

Take prescription triptan medications. Triptans work by constricting blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the head. Studies and trials show that many migraine sufferers experience significant pain relief within one hour of taking the medication, with complete relief within two hours.
- Avoid using triptans more than 17 times a month, as overuse may lead to rebound migraines due to medication tolerance.
- Triptans may cause heart attacks and/or strokes due to blood vessel constriction. If you have heart issues or blood clotting disorders, avoid triptans.
- Triptans are clinically proven to be the most effective treatment for migraines.

Ask your doctor about Dihydroergotamine or Ergotamine medications. These prescription medications also help constrict blood vessels in the brain. In addition to relieving pain, they also help reduce symptoms like nausea and light sensitivity that often accompany migraines.
- These medications are typically available in spray or injectable forms.
- Injectable medications can be used for one-time treatment. However, if you frequently suffer from migraines, your doctor may prescribe a nasal spray version.
Try changing your environment

Tắt đèn. Nhiều cơn đau nửa đầu là do sự kích thích giác quan, ví dụ như ánh sáng mạnh hoặc nhấp nháy. Bạn có thể làm dịu giác quan bằng cách tắt đèn, kéo mành cửa xuống hoặc di chuyển vào phòng tối.
- Ở trong phòng tối đến khi cơn đau nửa đầu thuyên giảm hoặc càng lâu càng tốt.
- Đeo kính râm khi cần thiết. Nếu phải ra ngoài và không thể tìm đến nơi có ánh sáng dịu nhẹ hoặc không sáng, bạn nên đeo kính râm phân cực để bảo vệ mắt khỏi phần sáng nhất của quang phổ ánh sáng. Cách này tuy không hiệu quả bằng việc ở trong phòng tối vài phút nhưng thường khá hữu ích.

Loại bỏ tiếng ồn hết mức có thể. Tương tự như với ánh sáng, âm thanh là sự kích thích giác quan khác gây ra cơn đau nửa đầu. Bạn hãy tắt tất cả âm thanh đang phát ra, ví dụ như tiếng radio hoặc tivi, hoặc di chuyển đến nơi yên tĩnh.
- Nếu không thể vào phòng riêng, bạn nên đeo tai nghe chống ồn để ngăn tiếng ồn từ bên ngoài.
- Một số người lại thấy căng thẳng hoặc khó chịu khi quá yên tĩnh. Trong trường hợp đó, bạn nên mở máy tạo âm thanh trắng hoặc máy lọc không khí để tạo âm thanh nhẹ nhàng xung quanh. Ngoài ra, bạn có thể nghe nhạc êm dịu, nhưng tránh mở to hoặc nghe nhạc sôi động.

Nằm xuống và nghỉ ngơi. Căng thẳng và thiếu ngủ là hai tác nhân khác kích thích đau nửa đầu. Bạn nên dành vài phút để nằm xuống và nhắm mắt lại mỗi khi cơn đau nửa đầu xuất hiện.
- Nghỉ ngơi ở bất kỳ nơi nào khoảng 5-30 phút để giúp xoa dịu cơn đau nửa đầu.
- Tuy nhiên, lưu ý rằng một số cơn đau nửa đầu là do ngủ quá nhiều. Nếu ngủ nhiều là tác nhân kích thích, bạn không nên nằm nghỉ quá nhiều.

Hít thở sâu. Bài tập hít thở sâu có thể giúp cơ thể thư giãn, từ đó giải tỏa căng thẳng - nguyên nhân có thể góp phần gây đau nửa đầu.
- Nằm ngửa, đặt gối dưới đầu và một chiếc gối khác dưới khoeo chân. Chân hơi gập lại.
- Đặt tay thuận lên phần ngực trên và tay kia dưới lồng ngực.
- Hít vào bằng mũi đến khi bụng căng lên và đẩy tay không thuận lên.
- Thở ra thật chậm bằng miệng trong khi hóp bụng lại.
- Giữ nguyên vị trí tay thuận trong suốt bài tập.
- Thực hiện bài tập hít thở sâu khoảng 5 phút.

Chườm lạnh. Chườm khăn lạnh lên đầu khi đang đau có thể khiến mạch máu tại đây co lại, nhờ đó làm chậm tuần hoàn máu đến đầu.
- Nhúng khăn mềm, sạch vào nước lạnh rồi chườm lên trán hoặc sau cổ khoảng 10-15 phút. Nghỉ 10-15 phút rồi chườm lại lần nữa; cứ chườm từng đợt như vậy đến khi cơn đau nửa đầu thuyên giảm.
- Tuy nhiên, lưu ý rằng trong một số trường hợp, nhiệt độ lạnh có thể khiến cơn đau nửa đầu trở nặng. Nếu cơn đau tăng dần trong 5 phút đầu chườm lạnh, bạn nên ngừng lại ngay và thử cách khác.

Taking a Cold Shower and Sleeping in a Cool Room. Stand under a cold shower for at least 15 minutes, allowing the water to flow from the top of your head down. Massage your scalp while shampooing. This method helps to relieve stress and cool your body through the scalp.
- Gently squeeze out excess water from your hair while leaving it slightly damp. Do not blow dry your hair.
- Rest in a cool room with damp hair and try to nap for a while. You can place a towel on your pillow to avoid getting it wet.

Adjusting Your Diet. Certain foods can trigger migraines in some cases. The foods that trigger migraines vary from person to person. You can identify trigger foods by keeping a record of what you ate before a migraine starts and noticing if the pain always follows consumption of these foods. Some common foods in a regular diet that can trigger migraines include:
- Foods containing aspartame (in sweeteners) or MSG (monosodium glutamate)
- Alcohol
- Chocolate
- Cheese
- Dry sausages (salami)
- Caffeine
Advice
- Keep a migraine diary. When a headache strikes, note down the surrounding environment, sensory triggers (like bright lights, loud music, or strange smells), stress factors, eating habits, and sleep patterns. After several episodes, review the diary to pinpoint common triggers that may be responsible for your migraines. These are the "triggers" you should avoid to prevent or reduce future headaches.
- If your migraines don't respond to usual treatments, you might want to explore alternative options like trigger point injections, occipital nerve blocks, or Botox injections to control chronic pain.
- Try sipping a cup of tea to relax.
- Apply a cold compress or ice pack to your head.
