Buzz
Geocaching is an exciting outdoor activity where you use a handheld GPS device to help you find hidden treasures, known as caches. This guide will take you through everything you need to know to begin your geocaching adventure, including essential gear, proper geocaching etiquette, and what to do once you uncover a cache.
Steps
Sign up on a geocache listing website. Some websites provide free access to cache listings and full site functionality, while others require a 'premium' membership to unlock additional features. Since caches can be found on various platforms, take some time to explore your options and choose the one that suits you best.
Use the website's search tool to locate caches near you. Geocaches are hidden in countless locations, so no matter where you are, there's always a treasure waiting to be found nearby.
Select a cache that piques your interest. Jot down important details or print the page for reference. Don't forget to check the difficulty rating; if you're new to geocaching, you might want to avoid caches that are too challenging at first.
Set a waypoint in your GPS device using the latitude and longitude from the cache page. If you have the right software, you may also be able to transfer the cache's coordinates directly to your GPS using a connection cable.
Bring a small item to trade at the cache. Choose something you’re happy to part with, but that might be interesting or valuable to someone else. Many caches have specific themes, so if you're trading, make sure to bring something that fits the theme.
Head towards the cache's location. Use your GPS unit’s navigation feature (or similar function) to display an arrow that guides you to the waypoint you've just set.
Locate the cache. Geocaches vary widely in shape, size, and appearance, so keep an eye out. Once you find the cache, pay attention to how it was hidden so you can replace it in the exact same way. And remember, geocaches are never buried underground!
Open the cache and explore the items inside. Decide if you’d like to take something in exchange for the item you’ve brought. It’s important to trade fairly by offering something of equal or greater value. However, making a trade is optional. Alternatively, you can leave your item to help replenish a low-stocked cache without taking anything in return.
Look for the logbook inside the cache. Record your visit by adding an entry with the date and your caching username. For small caches like micro or nano types, simply sign your initials if space is limited.
Place the cache back as you found it. Securely close the cache and hide it exactly where and how you discovered it, ensuring it's ready for the next adventurer.
Head back home and log into your geocaching website account. Find the same cache again and use the ‘Log Your Visit’ feature (or similar) to mark that you’ve found it. Include the details you recorded in the logbook inside the cache.
Required Items
- A GPS device, or a GPS-enabled phone, commonly referred to as a GPSr
- Cache details from your selected geocaching site
- Items to trade in the cache
- Pen or pencil for signing logs
- Appropriate outdoor clothing for the weather
- Bug repellent for protection against insects
- Sun protection such as sunscreen
- Sturdy walking or hiking footwear
- Flashlight or headlamp for visibility in low light
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A frequent error by newcomers and younger cachers is to head straight for the cache without considering obstacles in their path. Geocaching encourages strategic planning and route selection. Use your surroundings and knowledge of the area to stick to roads, trails, and footpaths, even if it means diverging from your cache’s direct line temporarily. Even experienced cachers sometimes find themselves miles away from their target, facing a ravine or river blocking their path.
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Don't forget to log your cache visit on the geocaching website. It may seem like a chore after the fact, but it helps the cache owner monitor the condition of their cache and gives you credit for your find. It only takes a minute, and as your finds add up, you may wish you had logged every single one.
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When returning the cache to its spot, ensure that it’s resilient against the elements—wind, rain, temperature fluctuations, and even ice or snow in colder regions. Close it securely and hide it properly. If you notice any issues with the cache, such as moisture inside or a damaged container, make a note of it to report to the owner later.
Entering Coordinates
- Always double-check the coordinates you input into your GPS device. A simple mistake can lead you in the wrong direction. Many GPS models also allow you to connect to your PC and download the waypoint directly to your device.
- The same point on Earth can be represented in various formats. These differences are influenced by two key factors:
- Map Datum: Different map systems and global measurements can express the same point in various ways. Geocaching typically uses the WGS84 datum, so ensure your GPS is set to this. For example, the same location can be represented in these three datums:
- WGS84: The system used by NAVSTAR GPS
- NAD83: Very similar to WGS84, used in newer topographical maps
- NAD27: An older datum used on USGS maps
- Coordinate Format: In WGS84, coordinates can be displayed in different formats. Make sure your GPS matches the format used by your geocaching site. Think of it like how you might express the same amount of money in different ways:
- N 44.659234°, W 63.326711° - This is in the "decimal degrees" format (DD.DDDDDD)
- N 44° 39.55404', W 63° 19.60266' - This is in the "degrees and minutes" format (DD° MM.MMMMM')
- N 44° 39' 33", W 63° 19' 36" - This is in the "degrees, minutes, and seconds" format (DD° MM' SS")
- Map Datum: Different map systems and global measurements can express the same point in various ways. Geocaching typically uses the WGS84 datum, so ensure your GPS is set to this. For example, the same location can be represented in these three datums:
Trackable Items
- Some common items you’ll encounter in caches are "trackable" objects, including "Travel Bugs ®", "Traveler Tags", or geocoins. These items have a unique tracking number that allows you to log their travels from one cache to another on a website.
- A Travel Bug is a metal tag that bears a unique tracking number.
- Traveler Tags are any item that has a tracking number attached to it.
- Several Geocoins are also trackable items.
- Many trackable items have specific goals or missions that the owner hopes the item will achieve. For example, the goal could be for the item to travel across the country and reach another geocacher in a different region.
- If you pick up a trackable item, it’s your responsibility to assist it in achieving its mission or move it to another cache.
Terms and Expressions
- Common acronyms used in logbooks and online logs:
- TNLN - Took Nothing, Left Nothing
- TFTH - Thanks For The Hike
- TFTC - Thanks for the Cache
- SL - Signed Logbook
- Muggle - A non-geocacher who could jeopardize the cache if they discover it. Always ensure that when you’re retrieving a cache, there are no onlookers around. When you re-hide the cache, make sure it’s done just as you found it. If a cache is damaged or destroyed by a non-geocacher, it’s often referred to as being "muggled".
- Plundering - This is similar to muggling, but in this case, the cache is completely taken. The cache is essentially stolen or destroyed.
- PNG (Park N Grab) - A simple, quick-to-access cache located near a road or parking area. These are often hidden in places like lamp post skirts.
Warnings
- Before heading out on your geocaching adventure, make sure to inform someone of your plans, including your destination and expected return time. It might be helpful to leave them a copy of the cache details. If you get lost, this person will have the exact coordinates to assist with a search.
- Always stay aware of your surroundings rather than fixating on your GPS. Only check your GPS periodically. It’s much more important to stay alert and be mindful of your path.
- Carry a compass with you. Not only does it help guide you toward the cache using magnetic bearings, but if your GPS malfunctions, a compass can serve as a reliable backup for navigating out of the woods.
- Familiarize yourself with all the features of your GPS before you go out. Many units have a "breadcrumb" or "trackback" function that can help you retrace your steps if you get lost. It's a good idea to carry your GPS manual with you, just in case you need to reference it while on your hunt.
- Be mindful of security concerns when placing caches. For instance, avoid hiding caches near sensitive areas, like potential terrorist targets. If your cache causes a public scare, you could face legal consequences, including fines or restitution for public costs.
- Do not include food or dangerous items in caches. Items that might attract animals or that are unsafe for children (e.g., knives, alcohol, tobacco, drugs, etc.) should be avoided. If you find such items in a cache, remove them and notify the cache owner when you log your find.
- Always bring a flashlight, even if you’re geocaching during the day. If you get lost after dark, a flashlight will help you find your way and make it easier for others to locate you.
- Never skip reading the entire cache description. It often contains important warnings about terrain, potential hazards, and legal restrictions, such as areas to avoid or private property to steer clear of.
- Once you leave familiar areas and venture into the wilderness, mark a new waypoint. If you get lost, you can navigate back to this waypoint to help you find your way home.
- Follow all local laws. Geocaching sites cannot grant you permission to trespass on private property. If you think your route might take you through someone’s yard, choose another path.
- Always carry a basic first aid kit and survival gear in case of emergencies.
- Don’t forget to pack water and snacks to keep your energy up during your search.
- Bring extra batteries for your GPS, flashlight, and any other devices you rely on. The small investment in spare batteries can prevent a major headache if your equipment runs out of power. Rechargeable NiMH batteries are an affordable and eco-friendly option.
- Check the weather forecast before you go. Pay attention to the UV index, wind speed and direction, chance of precipitation, and the expected low temperatures. Dress accordingly and bring clothing, sunscreen, and rain gear you may need. Common mistakes to avoid include:
- Wearing jeans, which are uncomfortable when wet, take forever to dry, and aren’t ideal for warmth.
- Underestimating how muddy your feet will get – make sure to wear durable hiking boots and pack extra socks to stay comfortable.
- Overlooking the need for cold-weather gear like gloves, warm socks, and hats if it’s chilly.
- Not applying sunscreen, even on cloudy days, as UV rays can still cause damage. Make sure to wear a hat and reapply sunscreen throughout the day.
