Buzz
“Why are we investing in space exploration?”
This is a common question among taxpayers. While space exploration captivates many, some argue that our resources could be better spent on issues here on Earth. However, those who hold this view fail to recognize that scientific investment brings significant benefits to society.
Studies suggest that for every dollar spent on NASA, the U.S. economy sees a return of $7 to $14. The reason is clear: when scientists are tasked with solving tough survival challenges in space, they often come up with breakthroughs that improve life back home.
This list highlights just a few of the incredible inventions born from space research. Take a look around—you might find some of these innovations in your home or even in your own body!
10. Insoles
It turns out that what began as a small step for man became a giant leap for arch support. NASA's technology used to create space suits for the Apollo astronauts transformed how sneakers are made, with the innovative inclusion of insoles in modern footwear.
NASA's rubber molding techniques allowed shoe companies to incorporate padding into their shoes, while the lightweight insulation developed for astronauts also became an effective way to protect feet. NASA engineer Frank Rudy carried these innovations into the footwear industry, eventually designing the shock-absorbent structure now used in Nike Air sneakers.
Thanks to the science behind the Moon landings, people all over the world are enjoying more comfortable walks.
9. Phone Cameras
One of the greatest advantages of the Information Age is the ability to instantly capture and share images with a small camera that fits right in our pockets. And yes, NASA is behind this incredible advancement.
The idea of a digital camera was first proposed in the 1960s at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), when engineer Eugene Lally introduced the concept of using a grid of light sensors to capture still images.
In the 1990s, another JPL team advanced the technology further, making spacecraft cameras significantly more compact. This development also enhanced their image quality, speed, and battery life.
By this point, it was evident that this technology had applications far beyond telescopes. These miniature cameras soon found their way into everything from webcams to medical scopes. So, the next time you take a selfie, remember to thank the space program.
8. Baby Food
Feeding babies can be a tough task, but feeding astronauts in space presents an even bigger challenge. That’s why NASA partnered with Martek Biosciences Corporation to create a nutritional supplement for their astronauts.
In their research into algae, these scientists discovered strains that produced two fatty acids found in human breast milk. Although these compounds are naturally made by our bodies, the team realized that adding them could help undernourished babies grow stronger.
If you're looking for baby food, check for products that contain DHA and ARA. While there's no guarantee your little one will become an astronaut, at least you can feel good knowing they’re eating like one.
7. Artificial Limbs
Though the idea of prosthetics has existed for centuries, it’s thanks to NASA that modern limbs are stronger and more affordable. For much of the 20th century, artificial limbs were made from plaster and corn starch molds, which produced heavy and fragile limbs that were impractical for many users.
In search of a breakthrough, the Harshberger Prosthetic and Orthotic Center reached out to NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center for assistance. For the scientists who developed external tanks for the space shuttles, crafting a few arms and legs was a manageable challenge.
The team introduced Harshenberger to their foam insulation, which had successfully protected shuttle tanks from extreme heat while being both lightweight and durable. To Harshenberger’s satisfaction, this same foam proved to be an ideal material for prosthetic limbs.
By lightening the weight of the prosthetics, they also lowered costs for patients and boosted production. Ultimately, this collaboration was a huge success for the prosthetics field.
6. Memory Foam
It’s a simple invention that provides relief for both aching backs and astronaut behinds. Despite its simplicity, many might be surprised to learn that memory foam was originally developed by NASA to cushion their aircraft seats.
Created in 1969, inventor Charles Yost established a company to commercialize the product. He continued to refine (and profit from) the technology, which was eventually used in everything from medical beds to motorcycle helmets.
Eventually, Yost’s company earned recognition from NASA and was inducted into the US Space Foundation’s Space Technology Hall of Fame due to the material’s low cost and high versatility. So, you can rest easy knowing that your mattress carries NASA’s official endorsement.
5. Joysticks
Before becoming a mainstay in video games, joysticks were initially used by the US Navy for landing airplanes. However, these early joysticks were bulky and impractical, making them unsuitable for a typical game controller. Nevertheless, joysticks eventually found their way into spacecraft, notably playing a key role in the Apollo missions.
The first basic gaming joystick made its debut in 1969 with the release of Sega’s Missile. This controller allowed players to move in four directions and included a button for firing projectiles. However, it lacked the subtle control required for the complex maneuvers military joysticks were capable of.
So, where did the small, precise, multidirectional controllers we use today come from?
From the space shuttle program, of course! After studying the flight simulation controllers at the Johnson Space Center, gaming company Thrustmaster, Inc. developed an ultra-realistic controller that allowed the same technology to be used through a standard game port. This led to a wonderfully nerdy innovation that highlighted the full potential of gaming technology.
4. Cochlear Implants
NASA has a long history of nurturing brilliant minds and giving them the chance to innovate. Adam Kissiah, the creator of the cochlear implant, was one such brilliant individual.
Although Kissiah invented a groundbreaking medical device that has helped tens of thousands of deaf and hard-of-hearing people, he didn’t come from a medical background. Instead, he created the device while working as an electronics instrumentation engineer at NASA, using his technical expertise to address his own hearing challenges.
Kissiah recognized the shortcomings of traditional hearing aids, which simply amplify sounds. His invention, on the other hand, bypasses damaged sound receptors in the ear and sends signals directly to the brain. It works with a small microphone that captures sounds and converts them into electrical pulses.
In 2003, Kissiah was inducted into the US Space Technology Hall of Fame, exemplifying how innovative thinking across different fields can significantly improve lives.
3. Bathing Suits
After the 2004 Olympics, an unexpected collaboration took place between NASA and Speedo. Though it might seem unusual, there’s a good reason for it. One of the key ways competitive swimmers can improve their speed is by reducing drag, a concept NASA’s fluid dynamics experts know all too well.
In fact, NASA’s Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate specializes in cutting down drag and improving spacecraft efficiency. They shared this expertise to help create the LZR Racer swimsuit.
By employing flume testing and a design rooted in mathematical precision, the two teams crafted a suit that reduced drag by 24 percent more than its predecessor. While this might seem like a small improvement, those fractions of a second matter greatly in Olympic-level races.
In 2008 alone, swimmers in the LZR Racer set 13 world records. Clearly, this innovation made a notable impact!
2. Satellite TV
Today’s younger generation may never experience the challenge of finding the ideal angle for a TV antenna. A significant advancement from the space program has been its contribution to wireless communication, especially for television providers.
In the 1950s and 60s, NASA successfully launched several satellites, which led to the creation of the first commercial satellite for AT&T, launched in 1962. Over time, NASA’s ongoing research in communications improved the satellite’s signal quality, image clarity, and lifespan.
This publicly funded technology would later benefit commercial products. While space exploration connects us with distant planets and scientific frontiers, it also plays a crucial role in fostering connections among us on Earth.
1. Invisible Braces
When sending a rocket into space, selecting the right materials is crucial. NASA researchers have dedicated significant time and effort to create materials that are both lightweight and durable, custom-designed to address a variety of challenges.
One such material, translucent polycrystalline alumina (TPA), was initially developed by a company collaborating with NASA to aid in infrared tracking. In 1986, a company named Unitek reached out to the material’s creator with a completely different need: orthodontic care.
Unitek needed a substance that could function like traditional braces but was transparent to minimize the self-consciousness associated with metal braces. This unusual collaboration led to the creation of “invisible” braces, which quickly became a consumer favorite. In the end, a material is just a material—how we use it is what truly matters, whether for heat detection or dental care.
