5 Harmful Components to Exclude from Your Facial Cleanser

The adage, "You are what you eat," also applies to your skin: the products you use are absorbed directly into your body. Given that the skin is the body's largest organ, it's essential to be mindful of what you're introducing into your system.

If you've ever examined the label of your go-to facial cleanser, you probably encountered a lengthy list of unfamiliar ingredients. From sulfates to parabens, the beauty industry incorporates various chemicals—some beneficial, others potentially harmful. Many of these additives offer no aesthetic benefits and could even exacerbate skin issues. Discover five ingredients you should steer clear of in your face wash.

1. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

That ultra-clean sensation you experience post-face wash? It’s courtesy of sodium lauryl sulfate, a foaming agent frequently added to cleansers, explains Jody Levine, M.D., assistant clinical instructor of dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. "It’s also prevalent in shampoos and other personal care items," she notes. Beyond beauty products, sodium lauryl sulfate is a staple in car washes, garage floor cleaners, and engine degreasers.

The issue with sodium lauryl sulfate lies in its ability to strip away the skin’s (and scalp’s, in shampoos) natural oils, which are essential for protection. "It can be highly irritating, particularly for those with allergies," Levine states. Research indicates that even small amounts in products can trigger allergic reactions [Paula's Choice]. Additionally, by removing the skin’s protective oils, it prompts the body to overproduce oil, counteracting your efforts to reduce it.

2. Fragrance

Steer clear of floral-scented face cleansers! The term "fragrance" appears on nearly every household product label, from laundry detergents to facial cleansers. While it may seem innocuous, "fragrance" can encompass hundreds of chemicals, many of which may trigger allergies, asthma, headaches, and more. Synthetic fragrances are often stabilized with phthalates, chemicals associated with reproductive issues and birth defects in animal studies [Source: EPA].

These chemicals don’t enhance the efficacy of your cleanser. "Fragrances in cleansers often irritate and dehydrate the skin," says Levine. "It’s wise to avoid heavily perfumed or scented products." If you can’t forgo fragrance, choose products scented with essential oils or plant extracts.

3. Oils

Numerous skincare products include ingredients derived from petroleum and mineral oil. These are favored by cosmetic companies due to their affordability, lack of odor, and long shelf life. "Manufacturers often add these to cleansers as moisturizing agents," explains Levine. While oils can hydrate, some varieties may clog pores and cause acne. Unless your skin is extremely dry, Levine recommends opting for oil-free cleansers. Review the ingredients list to ensure the product excludes Propylene Glycol, Parraffin, Mineral Oil, Butylene Glycol, Isopropyl Alcohol, and Petrolatum. Instead, seek out natural plant oils that nourish without blocking pores.

4. Parabens

"Parabens are preservatives commonly used in cosmetics and skincare items," says Levine. They prevent spoilage by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. While the FDA does not regulate parabens (or other chemicals) in beauty products, they currently assert that there is no cause for concern regarding their use [Source: FDA].

However, some individuals remain skeptical. Since parabens mimic estrogen, concerns have arisen about their potential to increase breast cancer risk. A 2004 study in the Journal of Applied Toxicology found parabens in breast tumors [Source: FDA], though it did not establish a causal link to cancer or harm to the body [Source: FDA]. "There’s no definitive evidence connecting parabens to serious health issues, but some people may experience irritation or sensitivity," Levine notes. To avoid parabens, check for terms ending in "paraben" on product labels.

5. Alcohols

"Alcohols are frequently used as foundational components in numerous beauty products," explains Levine. They serve two purposes: to give thick skincare formulations a lightweight feel and to enhance the penetration of active ingredients like retinol and vitamin C into the skin [Source: Paula's Choice]. Alcohol achieves this by disrupting the skin’s natural protective barrier.

While it aids the efficacy of other ingredients, alcohol can be particularly harsh on the skin, especially for those with dry skin types. "Alcohol is highly drying and irritating as it depletes the skin’s natural defenses," Levine notes. A study involving hospital workers demonstrated that consistent use of alcohol-based cleansers weakens the skin’s barrier [Source: Journal of Hospital Infection]. To maintain healthy, hydrated skin, Levine advises avoiding products containing isopropyl alcohol, SD alcohol 40, and ethyl alcohol.