Buzz
Water filters for home use have evolved significantly from the basic pitchers that primarily enhance taste. There are now advanced filtration systems designed to eliminate harmful bacteria, viruses, and toxins like lead. While not everyone requires such filters, they are particularly useful in areas with high lead concentrations in drinking water, for individuals with weakened immune systems who are more susceptible to infections, or for those relying on well water.
The EPA acknowledges three certification organizations that assess the effectiveness of drinking water filters. These include the National Sanitation Foundation/American National Standards Institute (NSF/ANSI), the Water Quality Association, and Underwriters Laboratories. To ensure the filter has been tested and proven effective for its intended purpose, these are the certifications to look for.
Filters that reduce lead levels
The EPA recommends several filters to reduce lead, including reverse osmosis, distillation, and some types of carbon filters. If your water tests show lead levels above 0.10 PPB, it's important to take precautions, particularly during pregnancy or when young children will be drinking the water. You can install a point of use reverse osmosis filter that connects to your plumbing to filter water directly to your tap, or opt for a countertop model that requires no installation. Make sure to check for an NSF/ANSI rating of 58 to ensure the product's safety. Distillers, rated NSF/ANSI 62, are another option but might affect the taste by removing minerals. Some carbon filters can also help reduce lead, but be sure to choose one with an NSF/ANSI rating of 53 for effective filtration.
Filters that eliminate harmful germs
Reverse osmosis and distillation also help remove bacteria and viruses, making them ideal for those with multiple water safety concerns. If your water is free from lead but you're worried about microorganisms due to a weakened immune system, ultraviolet light filters offer an alternative. These filters use UV light to kill harmful bacteria and viruses. Check for an NSF/ANSI rating of 55 to ensure the UV or LED filter meets safety standards. Additionally, boiling water is the most effective method to prevent cryptosporidium infection.
Filters for treating hard water
In areas with hard water, the mineral content can lead to build-up in pipes, appliances, and fixtures. These filters are not designed to improve water safety but can help extend the lifespan of your plumbing and fixtures. Typically installed as whole-house systems, they protect your entire plumbing network at once. It's a good idea to consult a professional to help determine which type of filter is best for your home.
Filters that enhance water flavor
To improve taste, most filters either attach to your faucet or come in a pitcher style. These filters typically use carbon to eliminate chlorine or chloramine from your water, carrying an NSF/ANSI rating of 42. While they do not claim to make your water safer, they are particularly effective in areas where water has a noticeable chlorine taste, making your water much more enjoyable.
