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With the right approach, managing combination skin becomes simple. GMint/Getty ImagesFrom your teenage years, you've likely heard dermatologists and even celebrities discussing various "skin types." The four most common are: normal, dry, oily, and sensitive. However, not everyone’s skin fits neatly into one of these categories. In fact, some people experience a mix of dryness and oiliness, which is typically referred to as combination skin.
Those with combination skin often have an oily T-zone (forehead, nose, chin) while the rest of their face, such as the cheeks, may be dry or normal. "The T-zone tends to be oilier due to the higher number of sebaceous glands in this area," says Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic and clinical research at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. "In contrast, the cheeks may have fewer sebaceous glands and can be less oily or even dry." The T-zone, producing more oil, is also more susceptible to blackheads and a shiny appearance.
The exact cause of combination skin remains unclear, but it is likely influenced by genetics, hormones, and puberty, which triggers an increase in sebum production by oil glands. Your skin type can evolve over time, meaning oily skin during high school may develop into combination skin later on in college. Additionally, certain products may aggravate the condition if they cause skin irritation.
Managing combination skin may require using multiple products to address the varying needs of different areas on your face.
"For this skin type, it's best to use a mild, creamy, non-foaming cleanser in the morning and a foamy or pre-soaped wipe at night," recommends Francesca Fusco, M.D., assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City. Opt for an oil-free moisturizer with dimethicone, which "hydrates dry areas while helping to control oil in the T-zone," adds Joshua Zeichner, M.D. Make sure to choose products labeled "noncomedogenic," meaning they won't clog pores. Apply toners only to the oily regions and limit face cream to the dry spots for optimal skin balance.
