How to Choose the Best Sunscreen for Eczema, According to Dermatologists

We all know that sunscreen shields us from a range of skin issues, from skin cancer to premature aging. But finding the ideal sunscreen can be tricky, especially for those with eczema.

“Eczema, also referred to as atopic dermatitis, is the most widespread inflammatory skin condition globally,” explained Angela Casey, a dermatologist based in Ohio and a certified Mohs micrographic skin cancer surgeon. “It can flare up due to anything that causes skin inflammation, including UV rays.”

Eczema often results in symptoms like redness, pinkness, and dryness, leading to sensitive, irritated, itchy, and inflamed skin, said Casey. This can make selecting the right sunscreen difficult, as many sunscreens contain ingredients that may worsen the condition.

What should individuals with eczema look for and avoid when choosing a sunscreen?

Here are five essential guidelines to follow.

1. Only choose fragrance-free products.

That floral-scented sunscreen may seem appealing, but it could irritate eczema-prone skin. The issue lies in fragrance, which can be an allergen and trigger eczema flare-ups.

“People with eczema have more sensitive skin than the general population, so any ingredient that might cause an allergic reaction can worsen eczema symptoms,” said Casey. Fragrance is particularly likely to cause allergic contact dermatitis, making it wise to avoid it (along with parfum) in ingredient lists.

Also, be cautious of products labeled as 'unscented.' According to Erum N. Ilyas, a board-certified dermatologist from Pennsylvania, this term often refers to products that contain additives meant to mask the scent, making them less offensive. “If you're looking for a product without any fragrance (meaning no added ingredients for scent), look for 'fragrance-free' labels,” she explained.

2. Select a broad-spectrum sunscreen.

For individuals with eczema, it’s crucial to choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays. “They’re already more prone to sensitive and irritated skin,” explained Casey. “UV exposure worsens this sensitivity, and the right sunscreen with sufficient SPF can help reduce the effects of sun exposure.”

3. Choose physical sunscreens over chemical ones.

Here’s a breakdown of physical vs. chemical sunscreens: Physical sunblocks contain ingredients like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, which reflect UV rays away from the skin. In contrast, chemical sunscreens such as oxybenzone, avobenzone, and octocrylene absorb UV rays and convert them into heat. Casey recommends physical sunscreens as they tend to be gentler for those with eczema-prone skin.

“Since chemical sunscreens convert UV light into heat, they can irritate the skin,” she said. “The heat produced by this process can intensify inflammation, exacerbating the eczema cycle of itching and irritation.” Anyone with eczema should steer clear of anything that could further inflame the skin.

4. Always conduct a test patch.

Concerned a sunscreen you’re eyeing may trigger a flare-up or cause skin irritation? Patch tests can be a helpful way to get ahead of any potential adverse reactions and determine if you’re allergic to a particular product or ingredient. 

Dr. Marisa Garshick, a board-certified dermatologist based in New York, suggests conducting an at-home patch test with sunscreens by “applying it to a small area on the forearm or behind the neck and evaluating for any reaction.” Keep in mind that adverse reactions (such as itching, rashes, burning or blistering) can take a few days to develop. 

You can also opt for in-office patch testing, which Garshick said “evaluates multiple different ingredients that may be found in sunscreens such as preservatives, fragrances and chemical UV filters.” This can be insightful in determining if you’re allergic to a specific ingredient.

5. Keep your skin barrier hydrated.

Your skin barrier is a protective shield made up of lipids, ceramides, and fatty acids that help lock in moisture and keep harmful irritants at bay,” Garshick explained. “People with eczema have a compromised skin barrier, making their skin more prone to moisture loss, leading to dryness and heightened sensitivity to external factors that can trigger allergic reactions or irritate the skin.”

To maintain a healthy skin barrier, choose products that hydrate the skin. “Ingredients like ceramides, hyaluronic acid, and anti-inflammatory compounds like niacinamide are great options,” said Ilyas. Additionally, avoid ingredients that can trigger inflammation, such as retinol, AHAs, and BHAs, which are often found in sunscreens labeled as 'anti-aging.'

Below is a list of sunscreens that match the dermatologists' recommendations.

1. A hydrating SPF 30 mineral sunscreen

2. A soothing SPF 30 mineral sunscreen

3. An SPF 30 sunscreen suitable for both face and body

4. A SPF 50 tinted sunscreen

5. A mineral sunscreen spray with SPF 40