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Martial arts represent structured systems of practice and traditions designed for combat training. These disciplines are pursued for a variety of purposes, such as honing combat skills, improving physical fitness, learning self-defense, engaging in competitive sports, fostering self-cultivation and meditation, developing mental discipline, enhancing character, and building self-confidence, or a combination of these objectives. Below is a list of the top 10 international martial arts, presented in no specific order.
1. Karate [Wikipedia]
Translated as 'Empty Hand' in Japanese, Karate stands as one of the most widely recognized martial arts. Originating centuries ago in Okinawa, it gained prominence in mainland Japan during the early 20th century, thanks to Master Gichin Funakoshi, who streamlined its self-defense techniques and infused it with philosophical depth. While Karate encompasses various styles, all share common traits such as powerful blocks, strikes, and kicks. Today, it is practiced and revered across the globe.
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2. Taekwondo [Wikipedia]
While its Korean translation roughly means 'The way of the hand and foot,' Taekwondo is best known for its dynamic and forceful kicking techniques. Practitioners emphasize that the legs, being longer and typically stronger than the arms, serve as the most effective tool for a martial artist. This discipline has gained immense popularity as both a sport and a fitness activity, attracting individuals of all ages and genders. With millions of practitioners globally, it has also earned a place as an Olympic sport.
3. Judo [Wikipedia]
Judo, translating to 'gentle way,' is a contemporary martial art that emerged in late 19th-century Japan. Founded by Jigoro Kano, who faced bullying in his youth, the discipline was born out of his dissatisfaction with Jujutsu. Kano devised a system emphasizing sweeps and throws, rendering size and strength insignificant. Like Taekwondo, Judo is now an Olympic sport, where competitors aim to throw their opponents or force submission through joint locks or chokeholds. Its blend of standing and ground combat makes it a favored choice among martial artists.
4. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu [Wikipedia]
Renowned among Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) fighters globally, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (often referred to as Gracie Jiu-Jitsu) specializes in grappling and ground-fighting techniques. Evolving from Japanese Judo, this system was refined by the Gracie family in the early 20th century and continues to thrive as a dominant martial art.
5. Kung Fu (Wushu) [Wikipedia]
The term 'Kung Fu' technically refers to 'skill or ability to accomplish something' rather than Chinese martial arts. A more precise term is 'Wushu,' which denotes the contemporary name for these disciplines. Legend has it that thousands of years ago, the Buddhist monk Bodhidharma developed this art to aid his students in maintaining focus during meditation. Today, hundreds of Kung Fu or Wushu styles persist, with notable examples including Shaolin, Wing Chun, and Tai Chi.
6. Capoeira [Wikipedia]
Originating not in Asia but in Brazil, Capoeira was developed in the 19th century by African slaves who cleverly disguised their martial art as a dance. Accompanied by rhythmic music from drums and other instruments, the 'game' involves two participants engaging in acrobatic movements, kicks, sweeps, and headbutts. Mastery of technique and strategy is essential for excelling in this unique art form.
7. Arnis / Escrima / Kali [Wikipedia]
The Filipino Martial Arts, known as Arnis, Escrima, or Kali, are celebrated for their weapon-based techniques, utilizing rattan sticks, knives, and swords. Practitioners of these highly effective styles employ complex footwork, stances, blocks, and disarming techniques to overpower their opponents.
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8. Muay Thai [Wikipedia]
Known as Thailand's national sport, Muay Thai holds a cultural significance akin to baseball in the United States. This striking art, often considered more intense than Western kickboxing, permits the use of fists, feet, shins, knees, and elbows, making it a highly versatile combat style. Its global popularity has led to the establishment of training schools worldwide.
9. Krav Maga [Wikipedia]
Originating in Israel, this combat system is renowned for its practicality and has been embraced by military and police forces globally. Unlike traditional martial arts, it is not a sport and lacks competitive elements, focusing instead on real-world self-defense scenarios. Practitioners are trained to eliminate distractions and deliver maximum impact in close combat, making Krav Maga a highly effective discipline.
10. Jeet Kune Do [Wikipedia]
Created by the legendary martial artist and actor Bruce Lee, Jeet Kune Do translates to 'The Way of the Intercepting Fist.' It is less of a traditional martial art and more of a combat philosophy, blending elements from various fighting styles, such as Western boxing and fencing. With no fixed forms, practitioners are encouraged to adapt and personalize techniques, fostering creativity and experimentation.
Notable Exclusions: Ninjutsu, Aikido
Contributor: Wilson Tran
Technorati Tags: martial arts, Sports
