Understanding Alice in Wonderland Syndrome

Also referred to as Todd’s syndrome, Alice in Wonderland Syndrome (AIWS) is a neurological disorder that disrupts perception, leading to confusion and sensory distortions [source: PubMed]. AIWS may result from abnormal electrical activity in the body, altering blood flow in the brain. This disrupts signals between the brain and eyes, causing symptoms such as hallucinations, a distorted sense of time, and an uneven self-image where body parts seem mismatched.

Typically identified in children, this condition can make sufferers feel like they’re living in a dreamlike state, akin to Alice’s adventures. While many outgrow it by adolescence, some endure these symptoms lifelong, particularly as they fall asleep.

Diagnosis and Causes

AIWS is often triggered by migraines, severe headaches, hallucinogen use, brain tumors, or infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) [source: Centers for Disease Control]. EBV, which often precedes mononucleosis, can lead to symptoms like fever, throat pain, enlarged spleen, and swollen lymph nodes. During the early stages of EBV, patients may also experience hallucinogenic effects.

Another frequent cause is temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) [source: epilepsy.com], where seizures originate in the temporal lobes. Reactions to TLE vary widely, ranging from feelings of euphoria and intense joy to overwhelming fear and paranoia.

Treatment Options

In addition to ensuring adequate rest, common AIWS treatments mirror those for migraines, including beta blockers, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and calcium channel blockers [source: American Academy of Family Physicians]. Alternative approaches may involve group therapy and dietary adjustments.

For those with temporal lobe epilepsy, treatment methods include: