Buzz
Doctors have always been recognized by their distinct look, from their white coats to the stethoscopes they wear around their necks or keep tucked in their pockets. Yet one accessory seems to belong to another era—those strange metal discs worn on their heads. What’s their purpose, and why are they less common today?
This disc is called a head mirror, and it’s used by otolaryngologists (ENT specialists) to get a clear view of various body cavities. To use it, the doctor places the mirror over one eye, looking through the central hole. A light is then directed onto the concave surface of the mirror, which reflects and illuminates the area of concern. This allows the doctor to see into a cavity without the light source blocking their view.
It takes practice for doctors to master positioning the mirror and their head just right to reflect the light and get the best view. Because they were commonly worn, these mirrors became a recognizable stereotype of doctors, although it’s inaccurate to wear it directly in the middle of the forehead, rather than over one eye as intended.
Today, many doctors prefer fiber optic headlights, which offer easier illumination and are less challenging to use. However, those trained on the traditional head mirror may still choose to use it, as residency programs continue to include it in their training. When used correctly, it can provide a very bright light.
The head mirror was originally designed by a French physician named Levert to examine the larynx, later adapted by a German doctor who used a wax candle for lighting. Johann Nepomuk Czermak is credited with perfecting the head mirror as we know it today, introducing it to the medical world in 1858.
As with many medical tools, the choice to use a head mirror depends on the situation. For example, a headlight may be more practical when examining a wiggly child, as it has its own light and is easier to maneuver. But if you’re dressing up as a doctor for Halloween, a head mirror might be your best bet.
