Buzz
In the summer of 2021, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, didn't experience a single day with triple-digit temperatures. However, in 2022, it recorded 19 days with temperatures exceeding 100°F—and summer hasn’t even ended yet.
Regions across the globe are facing unprecedented heat, often sparking discussions about heat waves. But what exactly does this term mean, and what leads to these extreme temperatures?
The National Weather Service defines a heat wave as a stretch of time where temperatures remain above normal for at least two days. (This definition varies, with the World Meteorological Society, for example, considering a heat wave to last five days with temperatures 9°F higher than average.) The intense heat results from high pressure systems that trap warm, compressed air near the surface, causing temperatures to rise. These systems also limit wind and cloud cover, reducing relief from the heat. High humidity often intensifies the discomfort.
A heat wave occurs when high pressure systems are in play. Elevated humidity increases the heat index, which takes both temperature and humidity into account. The higher humidity levels make it more difficult to cool down because they slow the evaporation of sweat from the body.
A heat warning or advisory is a public health alert warning that extreme heat could lead to harmful health effects, ranging from dehydration to heat stroke. Typically, the advisory encourages people to stay hydrated and avoid outdoor activities, especially during the hottest parts of the day.
Although much of the concern about heat waves rightfully focuses on human safety, it’s important to remember that extreme heat can also take a toll on infrastructure. Pavement can become warped, and power grids can be strained as people turn on their air conditioning to stay cool.
To cope with a heat wave, drink plenty of non-alcoholic beverages, wear light clothing, and, if your home lacks AC, look for a local cooling center to find relief.
