The 8 Best Analyses of 'Lời tiễn dặn' (Vietnamese Literature 11 - Cánh Diều Textbook)

*Reading Comprehension

Question 1, Page 16, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: Pay attention to the emotions of the young man and the girl through their conversation.

Answer:

• The young man's emotions:
  • Grief as he sends his lover to her new home: I love you, I will take you all the way to your husband’s house.
  • Reluctance to part and wanting to accompany her: But the bird in the sky calls me back, I turn back, the swallow below circles as I go, I go.
  • Despair as there is no hope left, no longer able to be with his lover: The raft sinks in the water/ The waves crash and break the raft/ The raft drifts away and is lost in the three rivers.
  • Acceptance of the situation and willingness to leave: What cannot be bought must be left behind/ Only fish are with water/ Only rice grows in the field/ I send you off, I’ll turn back, goodbye my love!

• The girl's emotions:
  • She doesn’t want him to leave: Don’t hurry, don’t hurry!
  • She hopes he will wait for her: The sky above still waits for me/ The clouds linger, waiting too.
  • Expressing her deep longing and love for him despite their separation: We are far apart, but the yearning never ends.
  • Her sorrow and despair as she clings to him: The rain is coming to the meadow/ Don’t leave me stranded in the forest/ Don’t abandon me in the raging waves!
  • Her resolve to reunite with him: We will wait for each other, wait until the May bamboo blooms,/ Wait for the season when the fish return/ Wait for the birds to call in summer/ If we cannot marry in summer, we will marry in winter./ If we cannot marry in youth, we will marry when we are old and widowed.

→ The love of the young man is full of deep longing, loyalty, and pain as he watches his beloved go to her husband’s house. The girl, on the other hand, carries a heart full of yearning, anxiety, and suffering, desperate not to be separated. Ultimately, they vow to wait for each other until they are reunited, no matter how long it takes.

Question 2, Page 18, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: What happened to the girl when she arrived at her husband's house?

Answer:
At her husband’s house, the girl suffers domestic violence: Her in-laws, who despise her, instruct their son to beat her. Initially, the husband is reluctant, as he has never hit anyone, but under the pressure from his parents, he ultimately assaults her violently.

Question 3, Page 18, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: What literary techniques were used to convey the emotions of the young man?

Answer: The technique of repetition is used to express the young man’s emotions.

Walking while looking back

Walking while glancing around

…

If I die in three years, my image will still be there

If I die and turn into a river, I will drink the water to soothe my heart...

If I die and become a soul, we will be under the same roof, side by side.

…

We will love each other, love with the strength of wood

We will love each other, love until we grow old

→ The young man expresses deep compassion for the pain of his beloved. His sorrow leads to a determination to reunite with her and live happily together.

Question 4, Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: The farewell words have turned into a vow.

Answer:
The farewell words are no longer filled with regret or sadness, but the final sentences carry a strong, decisive tone. These are vows, affirming the certainty of the couple’s eternal love for one another.

*After Reading

Question 1, Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: In the first part of the excerpt, what do the young man and the girl say to each other? What do their words reveal about their emotional states?

Answer:

• In the first part of the excerpt, the young man and the girl exchange farewell words as she heads to her new home.
• From their words, we can feel the confusion and pain of the young man as he bids his lover farewell, sending her off to her husband’s house. His love is deeply sincere and loyal. Meanwhile, the girl is filled with a longing heart, restless and sorrowful, clinging to the hope of not being abandoned as she faces her fate of marriage.

Question 2, Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: What was the girl’s situation at her husband’s house? Analyze the young man’s attitude and actions when witnessing her plight.

Answer:

• At her husband’s house, the girl is subjected to domestic violence: She is beaten by her husband under the influence of his parents.
• When the young man sees the girl being beaten, he:

• Rushes to help her up and comforts her.
• Goes to chop bamboo to make a medicinal tube for her to relieve the pain.

He helps her shake off the dust and straightens her hair,

He cuts bamboo for the medicinal tube, hoping it will ease her pain.

→ He expresses deep sympathy and sorrow for her suffering, and this drives his resolve to reunite with her.

Question 3, Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: In the second part of the excerpt, many verses use repetition. Analyze the emotional value of this literary technique.

Answer: The excerpt features numerous verses using structural repetition:

Walking while looking back

Walking while glancing around…

If I die in three years, my image will still be there

If I die and turn into a river, I will drink the water to soothe my heart…

If I die and become a soul, we will be under the same roof, side by side.

• Emotional value: This repetition emphasizes the unwavering loyalty and steadfast love between the couple. It also reinforces their unshakable determination and dream of reuniting.

Question 4, Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: From the young man’s farewell words, what can we deduce about his character? Provide examples to support your interpretation.

Answer: From his farewell words, the young man is revealed to be a person of great loyalty and deep affection, always ready to protect and support his lover. His entire being is devoted to her, and he is prepared to safeguard her at all costs.

We will untangle the tangled threads together

We will smooth the tangled threads and turn them back around

We will return to those we loved from the past.

Question 5, Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: The excerpt from 'Lời tiễn dặn' includes images that resonate with the way people in the mountains think and feel. Analyze the artistic value of these images.

Answer: Through the expressions like 'my love' or 'I love you,' we see the poetic, affectionate language typical of the Thai people, adding a deep emotional layer to the text.

- The images selected for comparison reflect the customs, cultural identity, and the natural beauty of the Thai people: "We love each other, as the bond between Lú and Ủa is strong and unbreakable".

→ The excerpt is filled with familiar and relatable images that reflect the worldview of the Thai people. These details vividly capture the beauty of nature, culture, and the deep, loyal love between the young man and the girl.

Question 6, Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1: Write a paragraph (about 10-12 lines) analyzing and clarifying a prominent feature of folk poetry through the excerpt from 'Lời tiễn dặn'.

Answer:

The excerpt from 'Lời tiễn dặn' showcases characteristics of folk literature. It combines folk poetic language, full of emotion, vivid imagery, musicality, and rhetorical techniques with familiar images that resonate with the thinking and emotions of the Thai ethnic group. The excerpt successfully creates a poetic story about a love full of obstacles between the young man and the girl, as she has to marry and endure the suffering of her in-laws. The text follows the theme of love, starting with their meeting, continuing through trials (or calamities), and culminating in their reunion. The characters in the excerpt are clearly divided (good - bad, virtuous - evil), as seen in the contrast between the young man and the girl's family, who represent good and evil, respectively. In summary, the poem beautifully portrays the intense, passionate love of the young man for his beloved.

• Main Content

Through the deeply sorrowful and confused emotions of the young man and the girl, the excerpt highlights their passionate, loyal love and the yearning for freedom in love among the Thai youth.

While Reading Question 1 (Page 16, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1):

Pay attention to the emotions of the young man and the girl through their conversation.

Method of Solution:

Read the first section carefully, focusing on the dialogue to understand their emotional states.

Detailed Answer:

• The young man’s emotions:
  • Sorrowful as he sends his beloved to her new home: I love you, I will take you to your husband's house.
  • Reluctant to part, wanting to accompany her all the way: But the bird in the sky circles and calls me back, I turn back/ The swallow below flies around as I leave, I leave.
  • Desperate as there is no hope of staying together: The raft sinks in the water/ The waves crash and break the raft/ The raft drifts away, lost in the three rivers.
  • Acceptance of the situation, ready to part: What cannot be kept, cannot be held onto/ Only fish remain with water/ Only rice grows in fields/ I send you off, I will turn back, goodbye, my love!

• The girl's emotions:
  • She doesn’t want him to leave: Don’t hurry, don’t hurry!
  • She hopes he will wait for her: The sky above still waits for me/ The cloud lingers, waiting too.
  • Expressing deep longing, love despite their separation: We are far apart, but the yearning remains unbroken.
  • Suffering and despair, clinging to him: The rain is about to fall over the meadow/ Don’t leave me stranded in the forest/ Don’t abandon me in the crashing waves!
  • Her determination to reunite: We will wait for each other, wait until the May bamboo blooms,/ Wait for the season when the fish return/ Wait for the birds to call in summer/ If we cannot marry in summer, we will marry in winter./ If we cannot marry in youth, we will marry when we are old and widowed.

→ The young man’s love is full of deep longing, loyalty, and sorrow as he watches his beloved go to her new home. Meanwhile, the girl carries a heart full of anxiety, pain, and despair, refusing to be separated. In the end, they vow to wait for each other no matter how long it takes until they are reunited.

While Reading Question 2 (Page 18, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1):

What happened to the girl when she arrived at her husband's house?

Method of Solution:

Read the beginning of the second section, focus on the actions of her in-laws and husband.

Detailed Answer:

• At her husband’s house, the girl suffers domestic violence: Her in-laws, who despise her, instruct their son to beat her. Initially, her husband hesitates, as he has never struck anyone, but under pressure from his parents, he eventually beats her mercilessly.

The father-in-law instructs his son to strike

The husband, though kind-hearted, is unable to refuse

His heart is torn, yet bound by his duty

He cannot refuse, his parents will starve if he does.

The husband glares and takes action

My back bears the brunt of the blows…

While Reading Question 3 (Page 18, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1):

What literary techniques are used to express the young man’s emotions?

Method of Solution:

Read the latter part of the second section, identify literary techniques used to express the young man’s emotions.

Detailed Answer: The technique of repetition is used to express the young man’s emotions.

Walking while looking back

Walking while glancing around

…

If I die in three years, my image will remain

If I die and turn into a river, I will drink from it to soothe my heart...

If I die and become a spirit, we will be under the same roof, side by side.

…

We will love each other, with a love as strong as wood

We will love each other, forever, even into old age

→ The young man expresses deep empathy for his beloved’s pain. His sorrow leads him to a firm resolve to reunite and live happily with her.

While Reading Question 4 (Page 19, Vietnamese Literature 11, Volume 1):

The farewell words have turned into vows.

Method of Solution:

Read the final section of the second excerpt, observe the tone of the dialogue.

Detailed Answer:

The farewell words are no longer filled with sadness or regret but have transformed into a firm and resolute vow. These final words assert the certainty of the couple’s everlasting love for one another.

Summary

Model 1

The young man’s emotions as he bids farewell to his lover are filled with deep affection and longing. The girl's sorrow and despair are evident in her pain. The profound love of the young man for the girl, as well as the tragic situation they find themselves in, reveals the strength of their bond. The young man’s actions when he is at the girl's new home express care and tenderness, showing his constant concern for her well-being.

Model 2

The young man’s emotions while saying goodbye to his love are marked by an intense and profound love. The girl’s heartbreak and sense of hopelessness are evident. Each step the girl takes is filled with pain and longing. The farewell is not just a goodbye but a promise to wait for each other. The couple’s love is strong, but the girl is caught in a hopeless struggle, feeling the pain of being forced into a marriage. When the young man is at the girl’s new home, he acts as a source of comfort, soothing her as she faces harsh treatment. His caring gestures offer her emotional support and hope.

Model 3

Disguised as a guest escorting the bride to her new home, the young man uses this time to express his sorrow and lament to his lover. They promise to find ways to be together, no matter the obstacles. However, the girl's new family eventually sells her to the authorities, and she is treated as a commodity, her life now a series of misfortunes. Eventually, she is sold once again by her second husband for a handful of banana leaves to wrap cake. The fortunate twist is that the one who buys her is the young man from the past. They reunite, making vows to live together in happiness for the rest of their lives.

Structure

• Part 1 (From the beginning to ... becoming a widow in old age): The young man's emotions while bidding farewell.
• Part 2 (The rest): The young man’s actions, gestures, and feelings when he is at the girl’s new home.

Main Content

Through the deep sorrow and confusion of the young man and the girl, the excerpt highlights the strong and unwavering love between the couple, as well as their desire for freedom in love, despite the challenges they face.

While reading Question 1: Pay attention to the emotions of the young man and the girl through their dialogue.

Method of solving:

Read the first paragraph carefully, focusing on the dialogue to understand their emotions.

Detailed answer:

• The young man's emotions:
  • Heartbroken as he sends his love to her new home.
  • Reluctant to part, wanting to go with her all the way.
  • Desperate as he sees no hope of being together with her.
  • Accepts the reality, yet feels compelled to leave.

• The girl's emotions:
  • Doesn’t want the young man to leave.
  • Hopes that he will wait for her.
  • Expresses her longing and the deep love they share, despite the distance.
  • Feels a deep sorrow, like clinging to hopelessness.
  • Determined to reunite with him.

→ The love of the young man is sincere and unwavering, filled with pain as he watches his beloved leave for another man. The girl, too, carries a heart full of longing and a restless, sorrowful feeling, clinging hopelessly to the hope of being together. Ultimately, they promise to wait for each other, no matter how long it takes.

While reading Question 2: What happened to the girl when she arrived at her husband’s home?

Method of solving:

Read the beginning of the second paragraph, paying attention to the actions of her in-laws and her husband.

Detailed answer:

• At her husband's home, the girl was subjected to domestic violence: Her in-laws hated her and forced her husband to beat her. At first, the husband could not bring himself to do it, as he had never beaten anyone, but under the pressure of his parents, he cruelly beat her.

While reading Question 3: What artistic techniques were used to express the young man's emotions?

Method of solving:

Read the rest of the second paragraph, identifying the artistic techniques used to convey the young man’s emotions.

Detailed answer: The poet uses the repetition technique to express the young man’s emotions.

He walks, turning back

He walks, looking behind

…

“Die for three years, the image still hangs there”

“Die and become a river, drink the water to calm the soul…”

“Die and become a soul, sharing one roof, side by side.”

…

“Love each other, love forever like hard wood”

“Love each other, love forever until old age”

→ The young man expresses his deep sympathy for the pain of the woman he loves. From his sorrow, the young man’s determination to reunite with her, to live joyfully and happily, emerges.

While reading Question 4: Note that the farewell words have become a vow.

Method of solving:

Read the last part of the second paragraph, paying attention to the tone.

Detailed answer:

No longer are the words filled with regret and sadness as he sends her to her new home. The final lines carry a strong and decisive tone. These are the vows, a firm affirmation that their love will last forever.

Detailed exploration of the work Farewell Words

1. The young man's emotions when bidding farewell to his love

• The emotional attachment and deep affection of a young man as he watches his beloved walk away to join her husband.
• Perception of the girl’s sorrow and despair:
  • As she walks, she keeps looking back/ She walks while longing for him: The young man feels that she still regrets and hopes he will wait for her.
  • Each step the girl takes is filled with pain, each step further deepens his longing.
  • She keeps looking back, longing, her heart aching. She confides in nature: I’ll go to the chili forest to pick some leaves and wait there/ I’ll go to the eggplant forest to pick some leaves and wait there; I’ll go to the poisonous plant forest and keep waiting.

• The young man affirms his loyalty: The young man borrows the scent of his love, as throughout his life, no one will love him more than she does. When he dies, he hopes that her fragrance will make his soul burn.
• He comforts and reassures the girl: Little one, let me hold you/ Sweet one, let me carry you/ Let me hold the dragon child, don’t be shy./ Don’t be sad about your dragon, phoenix children.
• Little one, sweet one, dragon, and phoenix refer to the girl’s children with her new husband, whom the young man also cares for deeply.

→ The verse also emphasizes the significance of the child’s heritage, which pleases the mother. Though offering comfort, there is a lingering sadness in his words.

• The young man promises to wait for the girl under all circumstances and through all time: We love each other, we’ll wait until the lilies bloom/ Wait until the fish return with the floodwaters/ Wait for the birds to sing and call in the summer/ If we can’t marry in summer, we will marry in winter/ If we can’t marry while young, we’ll marry when we are widowed in our old age.

→ The farewell words express deep affection and serve as a vow to wait for one another.

⇒ Through the poem, we see the immense pain of the lovers and the young man’s intense love for the girl. At the same time, it reveals the girl's frustration, the hopeless waiting, and her sense of helplessness in being forced into marriage.

2. The young man's emotions and gestures when at the girl's husband's home

• He comforts and cares for her when she is abused by her in-laws:
  • He makes medicine for her to drink;
  • He helps her with her chores.

→ The young man’s caring and attentive nature becomes a source of emotional support for the girl.

• The repetition of the word “death” and nature imagery highlights the deep, inseparable bond between the two lovers, affirming their passionate and unwavering love.
• Similes (our love – love like the Lú Ủa; Our hearts are as steadfast as gold and stone) and repetition (love each other, love forever) reflect the desire and resolve to reunite, a love that nothing can shake.

1. Preparation

Requirements (page 15 of the Literature textbook, 11th grade, Volume 1):

a. Review the Literature knowledge to apply while understanding the text "Farewell Advice".

b. When analyzing poetry (folk poems and Nom poetry), focus on:

• The origin and context of the excerpt.
• The characteristics of the poetry as presented in the text.
• The main content of the text and the message the author intends to convey to the reader.
• The notable features in the form of the poetry text.
• The significance and value of the text to contemporary readers.

c. Read the "Farewell Advice" text beforehand and explore more about the poem "Farewell to a Lover".

d. Read the following introduction to understand the context of the excerpt:

"Farewell to a Lover" (Xống chụ xon xao) is a famous folk poem of the Thai ethnic group, one of the finest folk poems in the Vietnamese folk poetry tradition. The young man in the story recounts his own love story and marriage. It is about a young couple who have been close since childhood and grew up to love each other. However, the girl's parents, disapproving of the boy's poverty, arranged her marriage to a wealthier man. The girl, heartbroken, feels helpless, while the boy resolves to become wealthy with the hope of returning to claim her. Over time, the girl remains loyal, waiting for him. When her husband's term ends, she must return to her in-laws. Just then, the boy, now rich, returns, but it is too late. He is devastated as he bids farewell to the girl and urges her to act clumsy so that her in-laws will reject her and send her back to her parents. Witnessing her being mistreated and beaten by her in-laws, the boy yearns for their reunion. His hopes briefly rise when the girl is cast out, but tragedy strikes as her parents sell her to a man of power. Overcome with despair, the girl becomes reckless and stubborn. They take her to the market to sell, "a bundle of dong leaves exchanged for a person." The man who buys her turns out to be the boy from her past, but now married and wealthy, he doesn't recognize her in her poor and disheveled state. Heartbroken, the girl plays a love song on her mouth harp, and the boy finally recognizes her. He decides to marry her, sharing his wealth with his former wife and ensuring her a proper farewell as she finds love with her previous lover. The two marry and live a happy life. The excerpt "Farewell Advice" represents the boy's advice to the girl when sending her to her new family and witnessing her suffering at the hands of her in-laws.

2. Text Analysis

*Main Content: The text expresses the despair and sorrow of the young man as he escorts the girl to her husband's house and witnesses her suffering there at the hands of her husband.

*Answering the mid-text questions:

Question 1 (page 16, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): Pay attention to the emotions of the boy and the girl through their dialogue.

Answer: Their emotions are full of sadness, hopelessness, remorse, and deep sorrow.

Question 2 (page 18, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): What happened to the girl when she lived with her husband?

Answer: While living with her husband, the girl was beaten and mistreated by him.

Question 3 (page 18, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): What artistic techniques are used to express the boy's emotions?

Answer: Artistic techniques used to express the boy's emotions include repetition of the structure “death becomes...,” “loved each other, loved...,” comparisons like “words of love” – “like selling cattle at the market, like gathering rice from a thousand stalks,” “our love is like layers of gold and stone.”

Question 4 (page 19, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): Note that the farewell advice has become a vow.

Answer: The farewell advice has turned into a vow: "Our love, bound by layers, unbreakable... Those who deceive, won't turn, won't listen."

*Answering the final questions:

Question 1 (page 19, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): In part (1) of the excerpt, what do the boy and the girl talk about? How do these words reflect their emotional state?

Answer:

• In part (1) of the excerpt, the boy speaks sorrowfully, bidding the girl farewell. The girl, hoping to hold on just a little longer, expresses her determination and loyalty: "If we don't marry in summer, we will in winter; if we don't marry in youth, we will in old age."
• Both are immersed in sorrow, lamenting their inability to be together.

Question 2 (page 19, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): What was the girl's situation when living with her husband? Analyze the boy's attitude and actions when he witnessed her condition.

Answer:

• When living with her husband, the girl endured harsh and brutal treatment. She was beaten mercilessly, her husband “glared, struck relentlessly,” causing her to fall “helplessly” to the ground.
• Upon seeing this, the boy was deeply moved. He helped her up, dusted off her clothes, combed her hair, and even cut bamboo to make medicine for her pain. His actions reflect his deep compassion and his role as her emotional support. The boy also reassured her, promising they would always be together, no matter the circumstances.

Question 3 (page 19, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): Through the boy’s farewell advice, what do you understand about this character?

Answer: Through his farewell advice, we see that the boy is a person who values loyalty, yearns for happiness, and demonstrates profound, tender love for the girl. His thoughtful actions show his deep care for her in her time of distress.

Question 4 (page 19, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): Analyze the emotional value of the verses using the artistic technique of structural repetition in part (2) of the excerpt.

Answer:

• The verses using the technique of structural repetition are:

"While walking, look back"

"While walking, glance around..."

"Die as a tree hangs in the air"

"Die as a river flowing with fresh water"

...

"Die as a spirit, under the same roof."

"Love each other, love with firm wood"

"Love each other, love until old age..."

• These verses, using images of comparison and metaphor, emphasize the deep and unchanging love between the couple. The repetition of similar structures underlines their unwavering devotion, with no possibility of separation.

Question 5 (page 19, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): The excerpt from "Farewell Advice" contains familiar images reflecting the thought and feelings of the people in the mountainous regions. Analyze the artistic effect of these images.

Answer: The author uses familiar, relatable imagery, reflecting the worldview and emotional expressions of the people from the mountains. These images successfully encode the intense emotions of these sincere, resilient people, who live in harmony with the strong, natural surroundings of the mountains.

Question 6 (page 19, 11th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 1): In your opinion, what message does the folk author want to convey in "Farewell Advice"? Does this message still hold relevance today?

Answer: The message of the excerpt condemns outdated customs and practices that limit the freedom of love, stifling resistance. This message remains significant today as a call for change and reflection on freedom in love and human rights.

1. Preparation

Instructions (page 15 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1):

• Review the literary knowledge section to apply it in understanding the text.
• When reading narrative poetry (including folk and Nom-based poetry), focus on the following:
  • The origin and context of the excerpt.
  • The characteristics of the narrative poem as seen in the text.
  • The main content of the text and the message the author wants to convey to the readers.
  • Notable aspects of the narrative poem's structure.
  • The significance and value of the text for today's readers.

• Read the text 'Lời tiễn dặn'; explore more about the poem 'Tiễn dặn người yêu'.
• Read the introductory content to understand the context of the excerpt.

2. Reading Comprehension

*Main Content: The text portrays the despair and sorrow of a young man as he bids farewell to his beloved, witnessing her suffering at the hands of her husband after marriage.

*Answers to Mid-Text Questions:

Question 1 (page 16 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): Pay attention to the emotional states of the man and the woman through their dialogue.

Answer: Emotional states: sadness, hopelessness, torment, regret, and suffering.

Question 2 (page 18 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): What happened to the woman at her husband's house?

Answer: At her husband's house, the woman was beaten and mistreated by him.

Question 3 (page 18 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): What artistic techniques were used to express the young man's emotional state?

Answer: Artistic techniques used to express the young man's emotional state include repetition with structures like 'chết thành...', 'yêu nhau, yêu...', and comparisons like 'lời đã trao thương' - 'Như bán trâu ngoài chợ, như thu lúa muôn bông', 'lòng ta thương nhau như trăm lớp nghìn trùng', 'bền – vàng, đá'.

Question 4 (page 18 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): Note: The farewell has become a vow.

Answer: The farewell has evolved into a vow emphasizing the unwavering loyalty of the two young lovers, affirming their determination to reunite despite any obstacles.

*Answers to End-of-Text Questions

Question 1 (page 19 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): In section (1) of the excerpt, what did the man and the woman talk about? What does their dialogue reveal about their emotional state?

Answer:

• In section (1), the man, filled with sorrow, says his farewell to the woman. The woman, on the other hand, tries to hold on a little longer, hoping for an eventual reunion, expressing her determination and unwavering love with words like 'If we cannot marry in summer, we will marry in winter; if not in youth, we will marry when we are elderly and widowed.'
• The two are experiencing deep sorrow as they are separated from the ones they love.

Question 2 (page 19 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): What was the woman's situation at her husband's house? Analyze the man's reaction as he witnesses it.

Answer:

• At her husband's house, the woman faced a tragic fate. She was violently beaten and abused by him. The husband 'glares with fury,' 'strikes mercilessly,' causing her to 'fall helplessly,' 'falling with no time to brace herself.'
• The young man's reaction: He helped her up, dusted off her clothes, combed and styled her hair, and prepared medicine for her.
• He became her emotional support, and eventually, due to his compassion, he vowed to bring her back and reunite with her.

Question 3 (page 19 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): What do the young man's words to his beloved reveal about his character?

Answer: Through his words, the young man reveals his sincerity, loyalty, and deep love. His determination to build a future together with her is unshakeable.

Question 4 (page 19 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): Analyze the emotional impact of the repeated structural techniques in section (2) of the excerpt.

Answer:

• The poetic lines utilizing repetition of structure include:

While walking, I turn back

While walking, I glance back...

Even in death, my image remains

Even in death, I turn into a river, quenching thirst with its waters

...

In death, I become a soul, forever united under one roof.

Love each other, love with the enduring strength of wood

Love each other, love through to old age...

• The author uses these repeated structures to emphasize the unwavering loyalty and enduring love between the young couple. These lines also assert their determination and their hope for an eternal reunion.

Question 5 (page 19 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): The excerpt 'Lời tiễn dặn' features imagery that resonates deeply with the way mountain people think and feel. Analyze the artistic effect of these images.

Answer: The author employs imagery that is familiar and close to the worldview of the mountain people, successfully encoding the intense emotions felt by individuals who live simply yet powerfully, amidst the rugged beauty of the mountains and forests.

Question 6 (page 19 of the 11th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1): In your opinion, what message does the author convey through 'Lời tiễn dặn'? Does this message still hold relevance today?

Answer:

• The message of the excerpt: It condemns and critiques the outdated, oppressive customs that gradually strip people of their freedom in love, and their ability to resist injustice.
• This message is still relevant today, as it speaks to the enduring desire for free love and the happiness of couples.

I. Author of the text "Lời tiễn dặn"

This work, from the Thai ethnic group, is a famous narrative poem in the folklore of Vietnam's minority groups.

II. Exploring the work "Lời tiễn dặn"

1. Genre:

"Lời tiễn dặn" belongs to the genre of narrative poetry.

a. Definition: Narrative poetry is a long poem that tells a story, blending elements of both narrative and lyrical forms, reflecting the lives of the poor, their desires for freedom, love, happiness, and justice.

b. Characteristics

• Theme:
  • The yearning for freedom, love, and happiness in relationships.
  • The tragic experiences of young men and women under forced marriages.

• Plot:
  • A passionate love;
  • Love's painful breakup;
  • Overcoming obstacles, either dying together or living happily ever after.

2. Origin and context:

Excerpt from “Tiễn dặn người yêu” (Farewell to the Lover).

3. Mode of expression:

The work “Lời tiễn dặn” employs narrative and expressive forms of communication.

4. Summary of "Lời tiễn dặn":

"Tiễn dặn người yêu" (Farewell to the Lover) is a famous narrative poem of the Thai ethnic group, regarded as one of the finest folk poems in Vietnamese culture. The young man in the story recounts his love and marriage journey. The tale begins with two childhood friends growing up and falling in love. However, the girl's parents reject the boy due to his poverty and marry her off to a wealthier man. The girl is heartbroken but helpless, while the boy sets out to accumulate wealth with the hope of returning to claim her. Over time, the girl waits for him faithfully. When her temporary marriage contract ends, she must return to her husband’s house. At this moment, the boy, now wealthy, returns, but it is too late. With great sorrow, he bids his love farewell, advising her to feign clumsiness so her husband would grow weary and send her back to her family. Seeing the girl's mistreatment by her husband’s family, the boy's desire for their reunion grows stronger. When the girl is sent back, her parents, in despair, sell her to a powerful official. In deep sorrow, she becomes clumsy and rebellious. She is then sold in the market, “one bundle of dong leaves for a person.” The man who buys her turns out to be her former lover, though he no longer recognizes her in her impoverished and degraded state. In her sadness, she plays a traditional instrument (a token of their love). Finally, the boy realizes it is his former love and decides to marry her, living a happy life together. The boy's wife is compensated and treated respectfully, allowing her to marry the man she loved in the past.

5. Structure of "Lời tiễn dặn":

The structure of the work consists of two parts:

• Part 1 (From the beginning to ... widowhood in old age): The young man’s emotional state as he bids farewell.
• Part 2 (The remaining part): The young man’s gestures, actions, and feelings while staying at the girl’s husband's home.

6. Thematic value:

This excerpt highlights the intense love and the desire for freedom in relationships, especially through the emotional turmoil of the young man and woman, portraying the passionate and enduring love among the Thai people.

7. Artistic value:

• Combination of narrative and lyrical elements.
• Simple, intimate expression reflecting the thoughts and feelings of the Thai people, deeply sincere and heartfelt.
• Use of nature to express emotions.