The Top 12 Most Insightful Essays Analyzing the Character of King Quang Trung in 'Hoàng Lê nhất thống chí'.

"The enemy is cruel, mad with rage,

The king’s army is a force of power from all directions,

Swift and relentless, charging forward,

Like a storm from the heavens, none dare to oppose."

(Ngô Ngọc Dụ)

King Quang Trung, a legendary hero of the Vietnamese people, is celebrated for his majestic presence and profound wisdom, qualities that are fully captured in the 14th chapter of the work "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí".

The 14th chapter recounts Nguyễn Huệ's third expedition to Bắc Hà, where he achieved one of the greatest military feats in Vietnamese history. With lightning speed, he defeated the Qing forces in just 10 days, restoring the nation's independence. In this brief passage, his heroic spirit, sharp intellect, and extraordinary strategic mind are vividly portrayed.

Reading the 14th chapter of "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí", the first impression of this hero is his remarkable intelligence, strength, and decisiveness. When the 200,000-strong Qing army invaded the North, occupying the capital Thăng Long, Nguyễn Huệ, then the North Bình King, was at Phú Xuân. Upon receiving the news, his patriotic fervor surged, and he initially decided to lead his army immediately. However, after careful advice, Nguyễn Huệ chose to ascend the throne first to legally command the military. Once crowned as King Quang Trung, he quickly mobilized his troops. His decision-making was marked by wisdom, as he took into account the situation and issued a call to arms, rallying his soldiers while warning potential traitors. His clear understanding of his enemies' intentions and his ability to inspire patriotism in his troops were key to his success. Under his leadership, his soldiers unanimously swore loyalty: "We obey your command, without any doubt."

Moreover, his strategic brilliance was reflected in his ability to assess the strengths and weaknesses of his officers. He recognized that some of his generals, like Sở and Lân, were brave but lacked strategic acumen. Rather than reprimanding them, he assigned Ngô Thì Nhậm, a wise tactician, to assist them. This keen understanding of his officers' abilities and assigning the right person to the right task garnered the respect and loyalty of his troops.

His foresight also shone through in his plans to handle the aftermath of the war. He was aware that the Qing forces, after their defeat, would likely seek revenge, so he dispatched Ngô Thì Nhậm to calm their forces and ensure peace. His strategic vision included using the ten years following the victory to strengthen the country and its military, so that future invasions could be easily repelled. These actions revealed a leader whose intellect and wisdom were unmatched.

But King Quang Trung's brilliance wasn't limited to his military strategies. Under the pen of Ngô Gia Văn Phái, he is depicted as a master tactician. After issuing the command to march North, he set off immediately, recruiting soldiers along the way and continuously strengthening his army. His march was one of the fastest in history, covering the distance from Phú Xuân to Thăng Long in just four days, while recruiting soldiers and using mostly foot soldiers with some on horseback. This rapid advance caught the enemy completely off guard.

He also seized the perfect opportunity during the Lunar New Year, when the enemy was distracted by festivities, to launch a major offensive that shattered their forces in every direction. His tactics were flexible, confounding the enemy, who believed "the general descended from the sky, and the army emerged from the earth." This decisive victory marked the inevitable defeat of the invaders and a glorious moment in Vietnam's history.

The most striking image is of King Quang Trung leading his troops on the battlefield. His commanding presence was unmatched, as he personally led an assault, riding an elephant and dressed in battle attire, charging into the fray at dawn amidst the smoke of gunfire. This powerful image became an immortal symbol of Vietnam's national spirit.

The 14th chapter of "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí" masterfully immortalizes the heroic figure of Quang Trung – Nguyễn Huệ. He was a man of extraordinary talent, a courageous and wise king who triumphed over foreign invaders, bringing independence to his people. His intellectual brilliance symbolizes the proud spirit of the Vietnamese nation.

"Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí" is a famous historical novel by the Ngô Gia Văn Phái authors. It records historical events with great detail, ensuring their authenticity. Besides recounting the conflicts between the Lê Dynasty and the Tây Sơn movement, the novel focuses on depicting the heroic figure of King Quang Trung Nguyễn Huệ, especially in chapter 14.

Initially, we see Quang Trung as a decisive leader. Every action he took was well thought out, with a clear understanding of the purpose and an unwavering determination to achieve it. This is evident from specific events. When he learned that the Qing army was occupying Thăng Long, a crucial military position, he did not show fear or hesitation. Instead, he convened his generals to devise strategies and then personally led the army. His deep hatred for the enemy and strong will were key to such swift and decisive action. Upon hearing the advice of his high-ranking officials, he did not hesitate to ascend the throne immediately, performing rituals to legitimize his reign, and promptly mobilized the army on the 25th of the Lunar New Year.

Not only was Quang Trung a decisive and strategic general, but he also valued the talents of others. When the Qing forces invaded, Nguyễn Huệ consulted the renowned scholar Nguyễn Thiếp for the best strategies. After mobilizing both land and naval forces to Nghệ An, he followed Nguyễn Thiếp’s advice and organized a military review, dividing the troops into forward, rear, left, and center sections to face the enemy. After giving his speech to encourage the troops and commanders, Quang Trung quickly put his plans into action, demonstrating extraordinary leadership and strategic insight.

Quang Trung’s brilliance also lay in his sharp intellect and strategic foresight. He understood the strengths and weaknesses of both his own forces and the enemy. His ability to analyze situations, make the right decisions, and act at the right moment led to his military successes. His motivational speeches were not only profound but also deeply persuasive, rallying his soldiers with words like, "When the Qing forces invade our land... don’t say we didn’t warn you." Such compelling words from a capable and passionate leader earned him the unwavering loyalty of his soldiers, who responded with, "We obey your orders, without doubt."

This exceptional intelligence also manifested in his ability to choose capable individuals to assist him. He selected Ngô Thì Nhậm, a wise and eloquent leader, to help quell the rebellion and bring prosperity to the people. His leadership was further exemplified when he took command himself, marching his forces through difficult terrain with remarkable speed. His swift campaign from Huế to Tam Điệp in just a week was a testament to his superior military strategies. Upon reaching Thăng Long on the 30th of December, he completed his mission within five days, capturing many Qing soldiers on the run. At Hà Hồi village, his forces surrounded the enemy, forcing them to surrender and hand over their weapons and supplies. In the fierce battle at Ngọc Hồi fort, the Qing forces, having already weakened themselves, were quickly defeated, with General Sầm Nghi Đống committing suicide in disgrace.

King Quang Trung, a brilliant general and wise monarch, is clearly portrayed in the pages of history. His actions remind us of the patriotism and the greatness of past heroes. From his story, we learn to strive to become stronger, more mature, and live by the ideals of patriotism that our ancestors preserved and passed on.

"Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí" is a historical novel written in Classical Chinese that records key moments in the history of the Ngô Gia Văn Phái. The book leaves readers with an image of a Vietnamese son - a patriotic individual who dedicated his life to his people. That hero is Quang Trung, the national hero who played a crucial role in defeating the Qing army. Through the excerpt in Chapter 14 of the novel, Quang Trung emerges as a figure of great charisma, intellectual prowess, and military strategy.

Quang Trung was a multi-talented hero, but most notably, his decisiveness stood out. Throughout the excerpt, he is portrayed as a bold and assertive leader, with swift, resolute decisions in every action. Upon hearing that the enemy had reached Thăng Long, he was infuriated and immediately gathered his generals to declare, "I will personally lead the army." He then performed a ritual, ascended the throne, and commanded the army to march. In just one month, he accomplished many remarkable feats.

Alongside his decisive nature, Quang Trung was an exceptionally intelligent and sharp-minded strategist. He had a comprehensive understanding of the battle and the state of affairs. His ascension to the throne was with the goal of "calming the traitors and winning the people's loyalty." He analyzed the enemy's situation, evaluated both sides' strengths and weaknesses, and planned each move meticulously. He exposed the enemy's crimes to remind the people and further inspired his soldiers with examples of ancient heroes like Trưng Nữ Vương and Đinh Tiên Hoàng. He was also skilled in persuading those with wavering loyalties, combining softness and firmness in his approach. His strategic use of praise, rewards, and punishments is evident in his handling of the cases of Sở and Lân.

He was a visionary leader, as shown by his firm statement, "The battle plan is already in place." Furthermore, he looked ahead, considering diplomatic strategies for post-war recovery and peace, ensuring the nation's stability and growth. He famously said, "What have we to fear from them?" King Quang Trung was a master strategist who commanded his forces with unparalleled skill. His army, though covering great distances in a short time, remained disciplined and followed his orders to the letter, showing complete trust in their leader.

Despite the long, arduous march, Quang Trung's forces triumphed due to his brilliant tactics. The king himself participated in the battles, charging into the frontlines, riding elephants, and facing enemy arrows with bravery. Through the skilled and artistic writing of the Ngô Gia Văn Phái, readers can vividly feel the image of a fearless, talented king. King Quang Trung brought glory to the nation, peace to his people, and remains an immortal symbol in the hearts of the Vietnamese.

The Ngô Gia Văn Phái is a group of authors from the Ngô Thì family, based in Tả Thanh Oai village, which is now part of Thanh Oai district in Hà Tây province. "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí," written in Classical Chinese, chronicles the reunification of the Lê dynasty when the Tây Sơn forces defeated the Trịnh, restoring power to the Lê king in Bắc Hà. The story goes beyond the unification of the Lê dynasty, capturing a period of intense upheaval in Vietnamese feudal society during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. With a sound historical perspective and national pride, the authors of "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí" have vividly portrayed the heroic image of Nguyễn Huệ, the great national hero who swiftly destroyed the Qing army, exposed the collapse of the Qing generals, and detailed the tragic fate of the Lê royal family, particularly King Lê Chiêu Thống.

First and foremost, Nguyễn Huệ was a man of decisive and bold action. From beginning to end in the excerpt, he is portrayed as a figure who acts decisively, swiftly, with purpose, and determination. Upon hearing that the enemy had seized Thăng Long and occupied a vast area, he did not hesitate, declaring, "I will personally lead the army." Within just one month, Nguyễn Huệ achieved numerous feats: "performed a ritual to heaven and earth," "ascended to the throne," "organized a large army," met "with the officials of La Sơn district," recruited soldiers, held large military reviews in Nghệ An, made plans for battle, and outlined a strategy for confronting the Qing after the victory.

Furthermore, Nguyễn Huệ possessed sharp intelligence and astuteness. He was able to analyze the changing political landscape and evaluate the strategic balance between his forces and the enemy. In his military address to his troops in Nghệ An, King Quang Trung affirmed the sovereignty of the Vietnamese people and condemned the Qing invasion as an unjust and immoral act. His speech not only reminded soldiers of the heroic resistance traditions of their ancestors but also called for unity, discipline, and firm resolve. The address served as a short yet profoundly motivating call to arms, stirring patriotism and invoking the enduring resilience of the Vietnamese people. His sharp judgment and ability to assess and use individuals effectively were evident when dealing with his officers, such as during the incident with Sở and Lân in Tam Điệp. He understood each officer’s strengths and weaknesses, offering praise and criticism appropriately.

Along with his strong will to win and farsighted vision, Quang Trung created a glorious chapter in Vietnam's history. Though his forces had just begun marching and had not yet recaptured any territory, Quang Trung was already resolutely stating, "The battle strategy is already set," and even had plans for diplomatic negotiations after defeating a country ten times the size of Vietnam, ensuring peace and stability for his nation to recover and grow. As a brilliant military commander, Nguyễn Huệ undoubtedly had extraordinary skills in warfare. His rapid military campaign, led by Quang Trung, still amazes us today. On the 25th of December, he began his march from Phú Xuân (Huế), and within just one week, his forces had reached Tam Điệp, 500 kilometers away. By the 30th of December, despite the arduous journey, he still planned to arrive in Thăng Long by the 7th of January to celebrate the Lunar New Year, exceeding his expectations by two days. Despite the long, difficult journey, each unit remained disciplined and followed their commander’s orders without question.

The image of Quang Trung in battle is one of resolute bravery. King Quang Trung did not just lead his troops in name but was an active commander, formulating battle strategies, organizing soldiers, personally directing the attacks, riding elephants to motivate his forces, and charging into battle, braving enemy arrows and calculating tactics. His army was not an elite force, and they had endured a grueling, fast-paced march with little rest. Yet, under his exceptional leadership, they fought brilliantly, decisively defeating the enemy in battles such as capturing the enemy’s spies in Phú Xuyên, maintaining secrecy to create surprise, and surrounding the Hạ Hồi village. The Battle of Ngọc Hồi highlights Quang Trung’s brilliant strategy and his majestic presence, with descriptions noting how his red robe became blackened from the smoke of battle.

The victory at Đống Đa in the year of the Rooster (1789) is a brilliant chapter in the history of Vietnam’s resistance against foreign invasion. It exemplified the unbeatable strength of patriotism and the unyielding spirit of the Vietnamese people. This victory erected a grand monument in honor of the people’s hero, King Quang Trung, who continues to inspire pride and admiration for the nation:

Now wearing simple clothes and a red flag,
Helping the people build a nation with countless deeds.
(Ai Tư Vãn – Princess Ngọc Hân)

The literary tradition of the Ngô Thì family, from Tả Thanh Oai village in Thanh Oai district, Hà Tây province, is renowned for a collection of works including poetry, prose, and historical writings, which are not only artistically distinctive but also of high historical value. A standout work among these is "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí," a monumental historical account chronicling the rise and fall of the Trịnh dynasty, the Tây Sơn movement, and the overthrow of the Qing dynasty. Central to this epic is the heroic image of King Quang Trung, the 'hero in simple clothes.'

The image of the Tây Sơn hero is primarily depicted in sections 4, 5, and 14 of the work. Here, the hero is portrayed with an unwavering spirit, wisdom, and courage, which were key factors in the downfall of the Lê-Trịnh dynasty and the triumphant success of the Tây Sơn rebels. With thunderous energy, the 'hero in simple clothes' stands shoulder to shoulder with other great heroes in history.

One essential quality of a hero is the concept of 'humanity and righteousness' (as Nguyễn Trãi mentioned in his "Bình Ngô Đại Cáo"). For Quang Trung, every action and thought stemmed from a noble heart, always thinking about the people and the nation. Unlike the traitorous king Lê Chiêu Thống, Quang Trung's passionate love for his country ignited a fierce anger when he learned of the imminent Qing invasion: he was "furious, intending to lead his army personally." His love for the country resonated in his powerful, resolute speech to his soldiers, demonstrating his unwavering commitment to driving the foreign invaders from Vietnamese soil. He drew inspiration from the nation's proud tradition of resistance, from the times of the Trưng sisters to the heroic efforts of General Trần Quốc Tuấn, urging his soldiers to fight. This deep-rooted patriotism was the soul of the Vietnamese people, passed down through generations.

Not only was Quang Trung a patriot, but he was also an extraordinarily skilled strategist. His sharp intellect and foresight were evident in his analysis of the situation and his ability to plan both his military strategies and the aftermath of victory. Understanding that the people’s soldiers were the backbone of the army, he encouraged their fighting spirit, even allowing them to celebrate the Lunar New Year before the battle. His lightning-fast military campaign and the swift defeat of the Qing army in just five days, earlier than expected, stunned the world and proved his brilliant military leadership and remarkable intelligence.

Quang Trung also embodied the spirit of a true hero. His resolve was unwavering, and his actions decisive and swift. When the news of the invasion came, within a month, he had completed all necessary rituals, gathered the required troops, and executed a rapid military campaign that led to a stunning victory over the Qing forces.

Quang Trung was a courageous general, leading by example. Wearing armor and riding elephants into battle, he not only devised strategies but also directly led the charge, wielding his spear against the enemy. This hero, with his bravery and willingness to sacrifice himself to protect the peace of his homeland, combined with the overwhelming energy of his army, extinguished the resolve of the enemy, quickly breaking their morale and causing them to retreat.

With his heart, intellect, determination, and bravery, Quang Trung was truly the soul of the Tây Sơn army and the embodiment of the national spirit of his time. As Nguyễn Trãi said, "Our nation always produces great heroes, in every era." These heroes, such as Lý Thường Kiệt, Lê Lợi, Nguyễn Trãi, and now Quang Trung, though from different times, all carry within them the spirit of the land, the soul of the nation. They are the pride of the people, the living legends that future generations will remember.

The image of the 'hero in simple clothes,' Nguyễn Huệ, reminds us of a golden era in our nation’s history, strengthening our national consciousness and urging us to continue the path our ancestors laid in building and defending the country.

"Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí" is a historical novel written in Chinese characters following the chapter-based format, created by various authors from the Ngô Gia Văn Phái (Ngô Thì Chí, Ngô Thì Du, etc.). This novel serves as a broad portrayal that not only highlights the decay and corruption of the Lê-Trịnh feudal court but also showcases the rise of the Tây Sơn movement. In the 14th chapter of the work, the heroic figure of Nguyễn Huệ, the hero of the Tây Sơn army, is depicted as a model of courage, wisdom, and exceptional strategic skill.

From start to finish, Nguyễn Huệ is always portrayed as a decisive and action-oriented leader who moves swiftly and purposefully. Upon hearing that the enemy had occupied Thăng Long and taken vast territories, he did not falter: “I will lead the troops personally.” In just over a month, Nguyễn Huệ accomplished monumental tasks: he performed rituals to honor Heaven and Earth, ascended the throne, and mobilized a mighty army northwards...

When tens of thousands of Qing soldiers under the command of Tôn Sĩ Nghị aggressively entered the country, the situation was dire, with the nation's fate hanging by a thread. Nguyễn Huệ then made the decision to assume the throne, adopting the title Quang Trung to legitimize his rule, unifying his forces and bringing peace to his people. His decision was warmly supported by the people. Quang Trung demonstrated remarkable wisdom in assessing both the enemy's and his own position. In his address to his troops before heading out from Nghệ An, Quang Trung clearly stated, "Each land must be approached differently" and "The people of the North are not of our lineage, so their intentions will certainly differ." He also highlighted the atrocities committed by the invaders: "From the Han Dynasty until now, they have repeatedly invaded our land, killed our people, and plundered our wealth. Our people cannot endure this any longer, and all desire to drive them away."

Quang Trung inspired his troops with examples of past national heroes such as Trưng Nữ Vương, Đinh Tiên Hoàng, and Lê Đại Hành. He also foresaw the potential betrayal of some pro-Le traitors due to Lê Chiêu Thống's return to Vietnam and warned his soldiers, emphasizing unity: “You are all people of integrity, and should work together with me to achieve great things. Do not fall into the old ways, double-dealing, for anyone found guilty will be executed immediately.”

His wisdom extended to his understanding of his subordinates. At the gathering in Tam Điệp, Quang Trung's words to the generals Sở and Lân show his understanding of their decision to retreat. While it was common to punish a retreating commander, he recognized that they were outmatched and had no choice but to retreat to regroup. Therefore, Sở and Lân were not punished but praised instead. Quang Trung also valued the strategic mind of Ngô Thì Nhâm, considering him an essential figure for organizing and executing military strategies. He suspected that Nhâm had masterminded the retreat of Sở and Lân to mislead the enemy and allow for a larger strategic buildup.

Although he had not yet fought for even an inch of land, King Quang Trung was already certain of his strategy. While riding his horse, Quang Trung confidently shared his diplomatic plans and the likelihood of peace within ten years. He explained, “If in ten years we are secure and strengthen our forces, we will no longer fear them.”

The rapid military campaign led by Quang Trung still astounds us. His army moved with such precision and determination that they managed to march, fight, and still reach Thăng Long before the Lunar New Year, ahead of schedule by two days. Despite the grueling pace, the army remained disciplined and well-organized, a testament to Quang Trung's extraordinary leadership.

King Quang Trung did not lead merely in name. He was the true commander of the campaign, personally leading his troops into battle and directing them with unshakable resolve. Under his leadership, the Tây Sơn forces delivered stunning victories, crushing the enemy at their core. The ferocity of the battles made the Qing troops tremble in fear, as if they were fighting against an unstoppable force. The image of Quang Trung, clad in his red royal armor, riding his elephant into battle amidst the smoke of gunfire, remains a symbol of indomitable strength.

The image of the heroic figure of Quang Trung, the "hero in simple cloth," is vividly captured with his boldness, intelligence, sharp insight, and military prowess. His genius as a military strategist and organizer makes him the soul of the great victories he achieved. The wisdom and stature of Quang Trung – Nguyễn Huệ are unparalleled. Throughout history, no one has come close to his level of excellence.

With a deep respect for historical truth and national pride, the intellectuals and authors of the Ngô Gia Văn Phái, though former servants of the Lê dynasty, did not shy away from portraying the weak Lê king who betrayed his people. They vividly captured the glorious triumphs of the Tây Sơn forces, highlighting Quang Trung’s heroic figure as a source of immense national pride. Thus, they wrote truthfully and beautifully about Nguyễn Huệ, our national hero. The 14th chapter of "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí" is truly an epic ode to the hero in simple cloth, the one who raised the flag to fight for the nation's independence and the strength of the Vietnamese people in the struggle against foreign invaders, defending the sovereignty of our land.

"Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí" by the Ngô Gia Văn Phái authors is regarded as one of the most monumental historical novels, both in form and content, from the Qing dynasty era. It presents a vivid depiction of the stagnation and corruption of the Lê-Trịnh dynasty alongside the rise of the Tây Sơn movement. In particular, the 14th chapter stands out for its portrayal of the heroic Nguyễn Huệ, depicted as a figure of exceptional strength and valor.

Nguyễn Huệ is initially presented as a decisive and strong-willed leader, a crucial quality for any commander. He is portrayed as quick to act, assertive in his decisions. Notably, his ability to seize opportunities and make swift, calculated decisions is evident in his strategic military maneuvers and combat tactics.

Another essential trait of a great leader is astute judgment, and Nguyễn Huệ exhibits this through his timely decision to declare himself king and adopt the title Quang Trung during the Qing invasion. He showed profound understanding of the situation, assessing both the strengths of his forces and the enemy’s weaknesses. His ability to select capable individuals, driven by patriotism, further illustrates his exceptional leadership.

Quang Trung’s foresight is also highlighted as he predicted the enemy’s strategy and adjusted his own plans accordingly. Despite just beginning his campaign, he was already confident of victory. His strategic brilliance is evident in his rapid march, catching the enemy by surprise. He devised a plan to enter Thăng Long for the Lunar New Year, ensuring that his troops followed his orders with strict discipline, all due to the trust and respect they held for their leader.

The image of Nguyễn Huệ, the "hero in simple clothes," is one of grandeur and power during battle. He emerges as a true commander-in-chief, the driving force behind the Tây Sơn army's victory. Quang Trung became the soul of the Tây Sơn forces, playing a pivotal role in their triumph.

Nguyễn Huệ – Quang Trung remains one of Vietnam’s greatest generals, a symbol of both exceptional skill and moral integrity. The Ngô Gia Văn Phái authors did a masterful job of portraying this historical figure, capturing the essence of his leadership and character.

Nguyễn Huệ, the heroic figure of Tây Sơn, is a source of immense pride for the Vietnamese people. His military genius led him to defeat the invading 290,000-strong Qing army, humiliating those who collaborated with foreign invaders. The fourteenth chapter of *Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí*, written by the Ngô Gia Literary Group, vividly portrays the heroic image of Nguyễn Huệ, a figure whose extraordinary talents continue to inspire admiration.

The hero’s portrait is first indirectly depicted through the words of a palace maid, who reports to the Empress Dowager. Despite referring to Nguyễn Huệ as an “enemy” and calling him “he,” the maid cannot hide her deep admiration for his unmatched military prowess. In her report, she states, “Nguyễn Huệ is a battle-hardened hero, fierce and skilled in command. He moves between North and South with the swiftness of a deity, leaving no one able to predict his next move. He captured Hữu Chỉnh as easily as catching a child, and he killed Văn Nhậm as though slaughtering a pig…” These words, carefully chosen by the maid, reflect a deep respect for a man once seen as an adversary, showcasing the brilliance of Nguyễn Huệ.

Even those from the Ngô Gia literary circle, traditionally bound by official views, had no choice but to acknowledge Nguyễn Huệ’s genius honestly and objectively. Through a direct account of his lightning-fast military campaign, the authors emphasize the strategic brilliance of the Tây Sơn hero. Upon hearing that the Qing forces were advancing toward Thăng Long, Nguyễn Huệ was enraged and initially planned to march immediately. However, he wisely heeded the advice of his advisers, holding a ceremony on Mount Bân to pray to the heavens and take the imperial title of Quang Trung before leading his troops into battle. This shows that, despite his remarkable talents, Nguyễn Huệ was open to counsel and respectful of others’ opinions.

This particular quality of his is worthy of admiration and emulation. When Nguyễn Huệ personally led his troops into Thăng Long during the Lunar New Year, he demonstrated his military acumen. He chose this time strategically, knowing it was when the enemy would be least vigilant. Nguyễn Huệ fully understood the power of morale, not only as a commander but also as an orator. His speech inspired his soldiers with patriotism and hatred for the invaders: “The Qing are invading our land. Do you know they are now in Thăng Long? The Northerners are not our people, and their hearts are cruel. From the Han dynasty to now, they have plundered and slaughtered our people. We cannot endure any longer, and we must drive them away.”

Nguyễn Huệ’s words, which echo the patriotism of previous Vietnamese leaders such as Trưng Nữ Vương and Lê Thái Tổ, possess a persuasive power that rivals the *Hịch Tướng Sĩ* of Trần Quốc Tuấn. The authors of *Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí* also deeply admired Nguyễn Huệ’s ability to wisely use talented individuals. A prime example was his decision to leave Ngô Thời Nhậm behind to manage the forces of Sở and Lân, a strategy that unfolded exactly as Nguyễn Huệ had foreseen. Ngô Thời Nhậm’s role in “quietly encouraging the troops while simultaneously making the enemy overconfident” proved to be invaluable.

Nguyễn Huệ also had the foresight to predict the enemy’s moves. Confident in his own abilities, he remarked, “I will lead our army, and with our strategy in place, we will drive the Qing out in ten days.” Yet, he also remained cautious, acknowledging that “If the Qing are defeated, they will surely plot revenge. Thus, war will never truly end.” He had already planned for this eventuality, appointing Ngô Thời Nhậm to manage the delicate political affairs that would follow the victory. This highlights not only Nguyễn Huệ’s strategic foresight but also his deep concern for his people. He sought to prevent the prolonged suffering of the people under the weight of continuous warfare.

As his army advanced, Nguyễn Huệ took measures to minimize casualties among his troops: “The King ordered sixty planks to be used to create shields covered with wet straw. When the Qing fired at our soldiers, none were hit.” This demonstrates his military ingenuity as well as his compassion for his soldiers.

The depiction of Quang Trung’s decisive defeat of the Qing in Chapter Fourteen of *Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí* is vivid and dynamic. Through it, readers can see that Quang Trung was not only a military genius capable of achieving the impossible but also a deeply patriotic commander, fiercely devoted to his country. His image stands in stark contrast to that of the cowardly, traitorous kings who betrayed the nation. Quang Trung remains an enduring figure of admiration and respect.

Quang Trung, a brilliant general and national hero, led the Vietnamese people to a glorious victory over the brutal and aggressive Qing invaders. The full extent of his heroism and leadership is most vividly portrayed in Chapter 14 of the historical work "Hoàng Lê Nhất Thống Chí".

This excerpt praises Nguyễn Huệ's perfect blend of wisdom, virtue, and unmatched strength. King Quang Trung’s greatness is reflected in many facets, each carefully depicted with a triumphant and inspiring tone. First, Quang Trung is portrayed as a decisive, powerful hero with sharp intellect and strategic foresight. Upon hearing that the enemy had seized a vast region of the country, he was undeterred by fear and immediately prepared for battle. His strong sense of national pride and self-respect compelled him to act swiftly, unwilling to stand idly by while his homeland was trampled. Heeding the advice of his ministers, Quang Trung ascended to the throne—a wise decision that not only solidified his leadership but also unified his troops, preventing any internal dissent.

His actions were not only strategic but also won the hearts of his people. He demonstrated great acumen in analyzing the situation and the balance of power between his forces and the enemy. This is particularly evident in his speech to the troops in Nghệ An, where he reaffirmed Vietnam’s sovereignty over the north, denounced the invaders' nefarious intentions, and called for a united effort against the enemy. His speech was akin to a short but powerful war cry, stirring the soldiers’ patriotic fervor. Moreover, Quang Trung exhibited extraordinary discernment in managing his forces, offering both praise and constructive criticism to each of his generals. He praised Ngô Thì Nhậm for his clever tactics, which led the enemy to underestimate the Vietnamese army. Meanwhile, he criticized and forgave generals Sở and Lân, helping them recognize their shortcomings while maintaining their loyalty.

Quang Trung's vision and determination were key to his success. Despite the overwhelming force of the Qing troops, he confidently predicted that the capital, Thăng Long, could be retaken in just ten days. His strategic brilliance allowed him to foresee the enemy's vengeful intentions after defeat, prompting him to devise a diplomatic plan for the post-war period, ensuring peace and stability for his people. King Quang Trung was not only a strategic mastermind but also a ruler deeply concerned for the well-being of his people and the future of his nation.

In the battlefield, his strategic genius and military prowess were never more apparent. Before heading to the north, he held a banquet for his troops, promising to meet them again at Thăng Long. This was not just a motivational speech; it was a prophetic declaration grounded in his meticulous planning. Taking advantage of the enemy’s overconfidence, Quang Trung launched his rapid march during the Tết holiday, catching the Qing forces off guard. His lightning-fast military campaign was unparalleled in history: he departed from Phú Xuân on the 25th of December, reached Tam Điệp by the 30th, and began his assault on Thăng Long on the night of the 30th. His forces moved swiftly and secretly, recruiting more soldiers along the way, and maintaining complete surprise. He coordinated the battle with great flexibility and creativity, combining various units and maintaining the initiative throughout. His tactical brilliance was evident in several engagements, including the battle at Hà Hồi, where his forces used drums and flags to demoralize the enemy, and at Ngọc Hồi, where he used clever tactics to deceive and outmaneuver the invaders. By the fifth day of Tết, the Qing forces were entirely defeated, even earlier than Quang Trung had anticipated.

The most iconic image of King Quang Trung is when he personally led his troops into battle. Amid the smoke of war, his commanding figure—wearing royal robes and riding an elephant—stood out as a symbol of courage and intelligence. This image underscores Quang Trung's role as the soul of his army, instilling confidence in his soldiers and securing victory. The portrayal of Quang Trung in this narrative is masterfully balanced, blending storytelling with vivid descriptions to create a realistic and dynamic depiction of the hero. His character is shown as bold, courageous, and a brilliant strategist, embodying the spirit of his nation.

This excerpt highlights the heroic strength and indomitable will of King Quang Trung in the face of foreign invasion. He remains a proud symbol of Vietnam's strength and resilience, a hero whose legacy continues to inspire future generations.

'Hoàng Lê nhất thống chí' is a historical narrative focusing on the prominent figure of Quang Trung (Nguyễn Huệ), a national hero. His striking achievements, especially his resounding victory over the Qing forces, display his bravery, intellect, and visionary leadership, making him a revered figure in Vietnamese history.

From the very beginning, Nguyễn Huệ's decisive and dynamic actions stand out. Upon hearing that the enemy had occupied Thăng Long and seized vast territories, he remained unfazed, stating, 'I will personally lead the army immediately.'

In just one month, Nguyễn Huệ accomplished many significant tasks: he conducted a ceremony to pay respects to Heaven and Earth, crowned himself as Emperor, and led a grand military campaign to the north. He recruited soldiers, organized military drills, and laid out detailed battle strategies, showcasing his acute understanding of the political and military situation. His rallying speech stirred the hearts of his troops, igniting a fierce patriotic spirit and the indomitable will of the Vietnamese people.

His insightful judgment and deft handling of military personnel is evident in his leadership during the Tam Điệp battle, where he evaluated his commanders’ strengths and weaknesses with precision. His clear vision, determination to win, and strategic foresight helped create a brilliant chapter in Vietnamese history. Despite having no land victories initially, Quang Trung confidently declared, 'The strategy for advancing has been prepared', and even anticipated post-victory diplomatic measures to secure peace and stability.

Quang Trung's exceptional military tactics continue to amaze. Starting his march from Phú Xuân on December 25th, within a week, he reached Tam Điệp, 500 km away. By the night of December 30th, he was already advancing towards the North, and he had planned to reach Thăng Long by the 7th of January—he arrived two days ahead of schedule. Despite the grueling journey, his forces maintained discipline, following orders with unwavering precision.

As a commander, Quang Trung led from the front, not just in name but through active engagement in battle. He meticulously planned strategies, organized his troops, personally directed attacks, and charged into battle himself. His forces, though inexperienced and weary from rapid marching, triumphed under his brilliant leadership, capturing enemy scouts and keeping their tactics hidden until they could strike unexpectedly. His leadership during the battle of Ngọc Hồi demonstrated his military genius and heroic presence, with his red robe, marked by smoke from battle, standing out in the midst of the chaos.

Through these excerpts, we see a historical figure whose valor, leadership, and wisdom immortalized him in Vietnam's proud history, embodying both literary and martial excellence as the beloved hero, Quang Trung.