1. Reference Summary 4
In Vũ Đại village, Chí Phèo was infamous for his constant extortion and work as a hired thug for Bá Kiến. Abandoned by his mother at a brick kiln, he was raised by the villagers. At 18, he worked for Bá Kiến, but after Bá Kiến’s wife flirted with him, Bá Kiến, driven by jealousy, had Chí imprisoned. This marked the start of Chí’s tragic downfall.
Upon his return, Chí became a different person, brandishing knives and bottles to confront Bá Kiến, the one who imprisoned him. Bá Kiến pacified him with food, alcohol, and money, turning Chí into a village menace.
Despite his actions, Chí retained his humanity. One moonlit night, he connected with Thị Nở, who showed him kindness, sparking his desire to change. However, Thị’s aunt opposed their relationship, extinguishing his hopes. With no one to care for or love him, Chí spiraled further into despair. In a moment of rage, he confronted Bá Kiến, asking, "Who will give me back my humanity?" Chí killed Bá Kiến and then ended his own life. Thị, left alone, glanced at her stomach and pondered the brick kiln where Chí was first discovered.


2. Reference Summary 5
Chí Phèo was born an orphan, with no parents, and was raised by the people of Vũ Đại village. As he grew, he became a strong farmhand working for Bá Kiến’s household. However, due to Bá Kiến’s jealous nature, Chí was wrongfully imprisoned.
After seven or eight years, Chí returned from prison, only to become a criminal, living off extortion and self-harm. The villagers shunned him, and no one acknowledged his presence. Chí once again became a pawn in Bá Kiến’s scheme in exchange for money and alcohol.
Chí met Thị Nở, and they became intimate. Thị’s care and the comfort of a simple meal sparked Chí’s desire to reform. He hoped that Thị could be the key to his return to a moral life. However, Thị’s aunt blocked their relationship. Rejected by Thị, Chí took a knife with the initial intent to kill Thị’s elderly aunt but instead went to Bá Kiến’s house, demanding his humanity. Chí killed Bá Kiến and ended his own life.


3. Reference Summary 6
Chí Phèo was an orphan, abandoned in a brick kiln, with his life moving from one caretaker to another, including a blind widow and a wheelwright. When the wheelwright passed away, Chí was left without any family or support. With nowhere else to go, he began working as a farmhand for Bá Kiến.
His downfall began after serving Bá Kiến’s wife, which led to his imprisonment. After returning from prison, Chí became a changed man, perpetually drunk and violent. He became a ruthless enforcer for Bá Kiến, living a life of extortion, abuse, and fear in the village. One fateful day, while intoxicated, he met Thị Nở, a woman so unattractive that people called her “ugly beyond belief.” They shared a bond, and Chí was touched by Thị’s kindness and the simple meal of porridge she offered him. Deep down, Chí longed to return to a righteous life with Thị, but tragically, Thị’s aunt rejected him, and society also turned its back on his redemption.
Chí’s frustration grew, and in his drunken madness, he realized the tragedy of his life. Consumed by rage and despair, he sought out Bá Kiến to kill him, before ultimately taking his own life in a tragic and inevitable end.


4. Reference Summary 7
Chí Phèo was an abandoned child, left in a dilapidated brick kiln right after birth, and passed around from one person to another in the village. By the age of 20, he worked as a tenant farmer for Bá Kiến’s household. Originally a hardworking, humble farmer, Chí’s life took a tragic turn when Bá Kiến, driven by jealousy, had him imprisoned. Upon his release, Chí returned as the ‘demon’ of Vũ Đại village, now a loyal enforcer for Bá Kiến.
One moonlit night, drunk and disillusioned, Chí found himself in the arms of Thị Nở. Her care and affection sparked a desire in him to return to a decent life, to become a better man and have a family. But his dreams were shattered when Thị’s aunt refused to accept him, leading Chí into a deep despair. In a final act of rage and hopelessness, Chí killed Bá Kiến and ended his own life.


5. Reference Summary 9
Chí Phèo, an orphan without family, was passed from one villager to another as a child. He later worked as a farmhand for Bá Kiến. Driven by jealousy, Bá Kiến had Chí imprisoned.
After seven or eight years, Chí returned to the village, transformed into a thug. He became known for drinking excessively and slashing his face to extort others. The entire village avoided him, and he became a tool for Bá Kiến’s schemes.
When Chí met Thị Nở, they spent the night together. After sobering up and falling ill, Chí was cared for by Thị Nở. Her kindness, especially the bowl of onion porridge, reignited his hope for a better life. However, Thị Nở’s aunt forbade their relationship. Heartbroken, Chí went to Bá Kiến’s house, seeking redemption. In a final act of desperation, Chí killed Bá Kiến and took his own life.


6. Reference Sample 9
Chí Phèo, an abandoned child found in an old brick kiln, was raised by various villagers. As he grew, he moved from house to house to survive. By the age of 20, he worked as a farmhand for Bá Kiến, and this marked the beginning of his tragic life. Driven by jealousy, Bá Kiến had him sent to prison.
After serving seven or eight years, Chí returned home a changed man, covered in tattoos. He was always drunk and when intoxicated, he would go to Bá Kiến's house to curse and cut his face to extort money. Bá Kiến used Chí as his personal thug, sending him on violent errands. Living in a perpetual state of drunkenness, Chí became a terror to the village, destroying homes and terrifying everyone. His life was an endless cycle of chaos.
One moonlit night, while drunk, Chí met Thị Nở. They spent the night together, and the next morning, Thị Nở gave him a bowl of onion porridge when he became ill. This act of kindness sparked a desire in Chí to return to a virtuous life with Thị Nở. However, once again, his hopes were crushed when Thị Nở’s aunt forbade them from being together. In despair, Chí drank again and set out with a knife, cursing his fate. He went to Bá Kiến’s house, demanding his rightful life. After killing Bá Kiến, he ended his own life. Upon hearing of his death, Thị Nở looked down at her belly, remembering the brick kiln.


7. Reference Sample 10
In the short story *Chí Phèo* by Nam Cao, Chí Phèo is an abandoned child found in an old brick kiln, taken in by villagers. Growing up, he moved from house to house to survive. At the age of 20, he worked as a farmhand for Bá Kiến. Jealous of the young farmhand often summoned to massage him, Bá Kiến devised a plan to have Chí imprisoned. After seven or eight years, Chí returned to the village in a drunken stupor, carrying a knife and seeking revenge on Bá Kiến. The once-feared Bá Kiến had become a local leader, and Chí, in his drunken state, would accept any task given by the old man. From then on, Chí lived a life of intoxication, becoming a terror to the village, following Bá Kiến’s orders without question.
One moonlit night, Chí met Thị Nở, an unattractive, simple woman who had been rejected by society. They spent the night together. The following morning, as Chí awoke, he felt an overwhelming sense of melancholy. The sounds of birds singing, the boatmen calling out, and the market vendors reminded him of the life he had once dreamed of—one of simplicity with a wife weaving cloth while he worked the fields. Thị Nở brought him a steaming bowl of onion porridge. This gesture of care, the first kindness he had ever received from a woman, made Chí long for a life of righteousness. However, his dreams were crushed when Thị Nở’s aunt firmly opposed their union. Rejected, Chí drank again, crying in despair, and then, knife in hand, he marched toward Bá Kiến’s house, shouting for justice. In the end, he killed Bá Kiến and took his own life.


8. Reference Sample 11
Chí Phèo, the protagonist in Nam Cao's short story *Chí Phèo*, was an abandoned child found in an old, deserted brick kiln. He was taken in by kind villagers and grew up moving from house to house. At 20 years old, he worked as a farmhand for Lí Kiến. Jealous of the young, hardworking farmhand, Lí Kiến sought a way to have him imprisoned, sending Chí to jail for several years.
After seven or eight years of disappearance, Chí returned to the village, looking completely different. He came back drunk, carrying a broken bottle to Bá Kiến’s house (now a powerful local leader, formerly known as Lí Kiến), shouting, swearing, and slashing his face in protest. Bá Kiến, a cunning man, quickly realized that the way to deal with Chí was by exploiting him. With just a bottle of liquor and a few coins, he manipulated Chí into becoming his loyal servant, to do whatever was needed, even if it meant causing harm to others. From that point on, Chí was constantly drunk, following anyone’s orders without hesitation, becoming the terror of the village, the “devil” who wreaked havoc in Vũ Đại.
His life continued in this tragic spiral until one fateful moonlit night. Drunk, Chí met Thị Nở, a simple, unattractive woman shunned by everyone. They spent the night together. When Chí woke up the next morning, he felt a deep sense of longing and sadness. The chirping of birds, the sound of the oars on the water, the gossip of people coming from the market—it all reminded him of a time when he dreamt of a simple, peaceful life with a loving wife weaving cloth while he worked the fields. Thị Nở, showing him a rare kindness, brought him a steaming bowl of onion porridge. This gesture of care stirred something deep inside him; it was the first time he had ever felt love or compassion from a woman. For a moment, he longed for a life of righteousness. However, when Thị Nở’s aunt strongly opposed their relationship, Chí was rejected. Heartbroken, he once again drowned his sorrows in alcohol and cried. As always, he grabbed his knife and walked away, cursing the world as he went.
In the end, Chí made his way to Bá Kiến’s house, pointing his knife at the old man’s face, shouting, “I want to live a good life. Who will give me a chance to be a good person? I can’t be good anymore!” With these final words, he plunged the knife into Bá Kiến and then took his own life.


9. Reference Sample 12
In the village of Vũ Đại, on a crisp morning, a man found a newborn baby, pale and abandoned in a torn cloth, discarded in an old brick kiln. He took the child home and sold it to a blind widow, who later passed the baby on to a grain mill worker. After the mill worker’s death, the baby was left orphaned again. At the age of 18, the child, now named Chí Phèo, worked as a farmhand for Bá Kiến. One day, Bá Kiến’s third wife had him massage her feet, and this led to trouble. Soon after, Chí was arrested and sent to prison for several years.
When Chí returned to the village after his release, he was unrecognizable, a shadow of his former self. He went straight to Bá Kiến’s house, causing a scene, throwing a bottle at Lý Cường and slashing his own face in a drunken rage. Bá Kiến, ever the manipulator, took advantage of the situation, invited Chí in, fed him, and gave him a small amount of money. With this small act of kindness, Chí was bound to Bá Kiến’s service as a loyal henchman. He became known for his violent outbursts, often drunk and terrorizing the villagers. His face became as twisted as his soul, and everyone in Vũ Đại feared him.
One fateful night, Chí wandered drunkenly to the house of Tự Lãng, a local healer, and together they drank three bottles of liquor. Later that night, Chí encountered Thị Nở, a woman who was scorned by society for her unattractive appearance. In a moment of passion, they slept together. The next morning, Thị Nở took care of him, making him a bowl of onion porridge, something he had never experienced before. Chí began to reflect on his past, longing for a life of simplicity and love. He even thought he might make a fresh start with Thị Nở. However, when Thị Nở’s aunt disapproved of their relationship, Chí’s hope was crushed. Once again, in a fit of rage, he drank more, becoming more sober with each glass. He set out to Bá Kiến’s house, armed with a knife, determined to demand respect and dignity. In the end, he killed Bá Kiến and took his own life. The village of Vũ Đại was thrown into chaos as the two demons fought to the death, while Thị Nở, in despair, recalled a time when she, too, was abandoned, just like Chí.


10. Reference Sample 13
The story of Chí Phèo revolves around a man named Chí, who was abandoned as an infant in an old brick kiln and later taken in by kind-hearted strangers. As he grew older, Chí moved from house to house, struggling to survive. At the age of 20, he worked as a farmhand for Bá Kiến, but his tragic fate began here. Bá Kiến, jealous of him, had Chí sent to jail for a crime he didn’t commit.
After spending seven or eight years in prison, Chí returned to the village, a changed man. He was covered in tattoos, always drunk, and a shadow of his former self. Whenever he was intoxicated, he would go to Lí Kiến’s house to cause trouble, slashing his own face and screaming for attention. Bá Kiến, taking advantage of Chí’s helplessness, made him his loyal henchman—tasking him with violence and dirty work. In his drunken stupor, Chí became a terrifying figure, a demon that haunted the village of Vũ Đại. No one dared to cross him as he terrorized the townspeople with his violent outbursts.
Chí’s life was a never-ending haze of alcohol and rage, until one fateful night under the moonlight. Drunk and stumbling, he found Thị Nở, an outcast woman scorned by society. In the heat of the moment, they shared an intimate night together. The next morning, when Chí was feeling sick, Thị Nở took care of him, offering him a bowl of onion porridge—a gesture he had never experienced before. For the first time, Chí yearned for a peaceful, honest life with Thị Nở by his side. However, his hope was crushed when Thị Nở’s aunt rejected the idea of them being together.
In despair, Chí drank once more and set out with a knife, cursing the world. He demanded that Bá Kiến allow him to live a decent life, but in the end, he killed Bá Kiến and took his own life. Thị Nở witnessed the tragic scene, and as she looked down at her own stomach, memories of an abandoned kiln filled her mind.


11. Reference Sample 14
The story centers around the life of Chí Phèo. As a child, he was abandoned by his parents at a deserted brick kiln in the village of Vũ Đại. A passerby found him and brought him to a blind widow who later sold him to a local coffin maker. When the coffin maker passed away, Chí was left abandoned once again.
The villagers raised him, and by the time he was twenty, Chí had grown into an honest, hardworking farmer. He then began working as a farmhand for Bá Kiến. However, a jealous incident involving Bá Kiến’s third wife led to Chí being falsely accused and imprisoned.
After spending several years in prison, Chí returned to the village a transformed man, now a rogue who was feared by all. He worked as Bá Kiến’s enforcer, collecting debts and terrorizing the village while constantly drunk. He cursed the world, his life, and everyone who had wronged him. The villagers shunned him, avoiding him at all costs.
One night, while wandering through a banana grove, Chí met Thị Nở, a woman so unattractive that she was scorned by everyone. The two shared an intimate night together. The following morning, Chí felt ill, and Thị Nở made him a bowl of onion porridge to ease his hangover. This act of kindness caused Chí to reflect on his past, realizing the value of life. He wished to turn over a new leaf, to live a better life, and to marry Thị Nở. However, her aunt forbade it. In despair, Chí drank again, took a knife, went to Bá Kiến’s house, and killed him before taking his own life.
When Thị Nở heard the news of Chí’s death, she looked down at her belly, and for a brief moment, the image of the abandoned brick kiln flashed in her mind.


12. Reference Sample 15
The story begins with Chí Phèo, a man who feels rejected by society and seeks to oppose it in every way. He curses everything from heaven and earth to the people of the village of Vũ Đại, even cursing those who were responsible for his existence. Chí’s desire to communicate with society is a desire that no one can fulfill.
Next, the author traces Chí Phèo’s life. Born as an orphan, Chí was at the very bottom of society’s hierarchy. He lived with kind-hearted peasants such as the blind widow and the coffin maker, who influenced his honest nature. In his youth, Chí was a good, hardworking farmer, but due to jealousy, Lí Kiến had him imprisoned.
After seven or eight years in prison, Chí returned to the village, but he had changed both physically and mentally. His face was grotesque, and his soul was filled with bitterness and anger. Bá Kiến exploited Chí Phèo, using him as a tool to oppress others, and Chí became an enforcer, carrying out Bá Kiến’s schemes to exploit the villagers. From being a kind-hearted person, Chí turned into a beast, a monster feared by the people of Vũ Đại and the society at large. On his downward spiral, Chí encountered Thị Nở. She took care of him, offering him food and comfort, which caused him to reconsider his life and long for a normal, happy family. However, his dream was crushed when Thị Nở’s aunt rejected him due to his past as a troublemaker. This rejection symbolized society’s refusal to accept him as a human being.
In his despair, Chí took a knife and went to kill Bá Kiến, the one responsible for his misery, before ultimately ending his own life. This was his tragic escape from the suffering, yet there seemed to be no other way out. After hearing of Chí’s death, Thị Nở looked down at her belly and briefly envisioned the abandoned brick kiln in the distance. The ending hints that lives like Chí Phèo’s continue to exist in the “dog-eat-dog” society of that time.


13. Reference Sample 1
The short story of Chí Phèo tells the tale of a boy named Chí Phèo, an orphan abandoned in an old brick kiln. He was passed around by the villagers who took care of him until he grew up. Chí Phèo moved from house to house, eventually working as a field laborer for Lí Kiến. Due to irrational jealousy, Lí Kiến had Chí imprisoned. Seven years later, Chí returned to the village completely changed, now a hardened thug. Bá Kiến exploited him and turned him into an enforcer. He became the terror of Vũ Đại village, known for slashing faces and causing chaos.
His relationship with Thị Nở revived his spirit, and Chí longed to make amends with society and live an honest life. However, Thị Nở’s aunt and the society of the time rejected him, blocking his path to redemption. In despair, he sought to kill Bá Kiến, and ultimately ended his own life. After hearing of Chí’s death, Thị Nở looked down at her belly, silently remembering an abandoned brick kiln, far from the road and devoid of passersby.


14. Reference Sample 2
Born without knowing who his parents were, Chí Phèo was raised by the villagers. He moved between different households until, around the age of 20, he began working as a field laborer for Bá Kiến. Bá Kiến’s wife was attracted to Chí Phèo, often trying to seduce him. When Bá Kiến noticed his wife’s affection for Chí, jealousy consumed him, and he had Chí thrown into prison.
This marked a turning point in Chí Phèo’s life. Once a kind-hearted and gentle man, he was transformed into a coarse, rude individual. Upon his release, Chí Phèo became a hired thug, working for Bá Kiến by collecting debts. His life revolved around alcohol and curses. When Chí Phèo met Thị Nở, an unattractive woman, he was touched by her care when he fell ill. Through her nurturing, symbolized by a bowl of onion soup, he rediscovered a sense of humanity within himself. He longed to return to a virtuous life and be part of a family, but Thị Nở rejected him, dismissing his hopes for redemption.
Consumed by despair and alcohol, Chí Phèo sought out Bá Kiến and killed him. In his final act of tragedy, Chí Phèo took a knife and ended his own life.


15. Reference Sample 3
Chí Phèo was an abandoned child, left in a dilapidated brick kiln, and passed from one villager to another in Vũ Đại. He was cared for by various people, from an old man who set fish traps to a blind widow and a local miller. At 18, Chí started working for Bá Kiến. Bá Kiến’s wife made advances towards him, and when Bá Kiến discovered it, he had Chí arrested and sent to prison for seven or eight years.
Upon release, Chí went to Bá Kiến’s house, holding a broken bottle, intending to confront him. However, the cunning Bá Kiến gave him five coins to buy alcohol, which temporarily calmed Chí. This act marked the beginning of Chí’s downward spiral into drunkenness, where he would do anything for money. Bá Kiến exploited him, turning Chí into his hired thug. Chí became a terror in Vũ Đại, drunk and wreaking havoc, taking on dirty work for Bá Kiến.
One night, after a heavy drinking session, Chí stumbled upon Thị Nở sleeping under the moonlight with her mouth wide open. He approached her and they slept together. The next morning, Thị Nở cooked him a bowl of onion soup, an act of kindness Chí had never experienced. Touched by this gesture, he longed to return to being a good person. However, Thị Nở’s aunt refused his request to reform, saying, 'Who would marry Chí Phèo?' and calling him a man whose only skill was slashing faces. Devastated, Chí walked away in tears.
Chí, still drunk and broken, went to Bá Kiến’s house and declared, 'Who will let me be good? I want to be good!' He then killed Bá Kiến and, in his despair, took his own life. Thị Nở, hearing the news, thought about the old brick kiln and the hopelessness that surrounded Chí’s life.


