Top 5 Best Compositions on the Language Style of Everyday Speech (Continued) (Literature 10)

Question 1 (page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1)

a. What words, sentence structures, and expressions reflect the concreteness, emotional tone, and individuality in the language style of everyday speech?

b. In your opinion, what benefits does keeping a diary bring to the development of one's language?

Detailed Solution:

a)

* Expressions and words that reflect the concreteness of everyday speech:

- The location and time of the "speech": In a room deep in the forest at midnight.

- There is a speaker with a purpose (a character speaking to themselves).

- Specific expressions: calling words (hey), self-talk (thinking about something), self-reproach (how irresponsible).

* Language elements that show emotional tone:

- The passage is a character's words but emotions are conveyed through various tones:

- Intimate and reflective tone (thinking about the present and future).

- Tone of reproach and urging.

* Language elements reflecting individuality:

- The passage has a distinct tone easily recognized (the reflective tone typical of a diary): it contains many inner dialogue expressions. Through the tone, one can guess this is a young soldier speaking during wartime.

b. Keeping a diary is very beneficial for developing one's language, especially enhancing vocabulary and expressions.

Question 2 (page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1)

Identify the language style features of everyday speech shown in the following folk songs.

Detailed Solution:

a.

"Do you miss me when I leave?" "When I leave, I miss your smiling teeth." - Concreteness:

+ The folk song represents a character’s direct dialogue with another, expressing longing and reluctance.

+ The setting is likely a farewell scene.

+ The language used is intimate and colloquial (me, you, do you miss me, your teeth).

- Emotional tone:

+ The song strongly expresses feelings of longing and parting.

+ Words directly conveying these emotions include: "Do you miss me?" and "I miss you..."

- Individuality: The song’s intimate tone suggests it could be the words of two lovers after a night together. The speech is sincere, passionate, and tender.

b.

"Hey, girl in the white blouse, come here and help me plant the coffee!" - Concreteness:

+ This is a love confession while working. It’s spoken by a young man to a girl passing by.

+ The scene is set during a working moment, connected with the act of planting coffee.

+ The language is casual and familiar (hey girl, white blouse).

- Emotional tone:

+ The song expresses a love confession, though some might interpret it as teasing (possibly criticizing girls from wealthy families who don't do hard labor).

- Individuality: The song suggests the speaker is a hard-working young man with playful yet sincere expressions towards a girl.

Question 3 (page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1)

The following dialogue mimics the language style of everyday speech, but differs from daily conversation. Compare it with the language of speech and writing discussed in Chapter 86 to identify the differences and explain why they exist.

Detailed Solution:

This passage is a dialogue in an epic, which mimics everyday speech but has distinct differences:

- The repetition of words and phrases: "Who tends the horses, go catch the horses! Who takes care of the elephants, go catch the elephants! Who guards the cows, go round them up!"; "Oh thousands of sparrows, oh millions of swallows!" Each sentence has a rhythmic quality typical of epic poetry, unlike casual conversation.

- Each sentence has a rhythm, characteristic of epic literature.

=> The repeated elements maintain the rhythm of the dialogue and preserve the epic atmosphere. Without these repetitive elements, this passage would be indistinguishable from ordinary conversational language.

Answer to Question 1, page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1

a. Characteristics of Everyday Speech Style shown in the excerpt:

- Concreteness: time: midnight, place: the forest, speaker: Th (self-dialogue).

- Emotional tone: intimate tone, use of interrogative and exclamatory sentences (What are you thinking, Th.? How irresponsible, Th.!), and words clearly expressing emotions (What are you thinking?, so many things, can you hear...).

- Individuality: soft, simple words and varied, refined sentence structures show the writer’s sensitive soul and rich, emotional inner world.

b. Keeping a diary helps improve language skills, express thoughts and emotions, and nurture personal feelings and reflections.

Answer to Question 2, page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1

- Concreteness:

+ Characters in the dialogue: me – you (line 1), dear girl – young man (line 2).

+ Dialogue settings: farewell (line 1), work setting (line 2).

- Emotional tone:

+ Intimate, loving tone and words expressing longing (line 1).

+ Inviting, friendly tone and words conveying affection (line 2).

- Individuality: Although folk songs are collective creations, individuality can still be identified through the words used in the songs:

+ Line 1: dialogue of a deeply emotional lover.

+ Line 2: dialogue of a hardworking young man, bold and full of affection.

Answer to Question 3, page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1

- The dialogue between Dăm Săn and the villagers is polished, structured with contrasts (your leaders are dead, your rice is rotting...), repetitive words and phrases (who tends the horses, go... who takes care of the elephants, go...), and rhythmic patterns => making it easy to memorize, remember, and perform in communal activities (this excerpt comes from the epic Dăm Săn of the Ê đê community).

II. Characteristics of Everyday Language Style

1. Specificity

2. Emotional tone

3. Individuality

Practice

Exercise 1 (Page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1)

Characteristics of language style in Đặng Thùy Trâm's diary:

- Specificity:

+ In terms of time and place: This is a common feature in diary writing.

+ Specific to the speaker and purpose (the person talks to themselves).

+ Specific in expression: self-talk, internal dialogue, self-reproach.

- Emotional tone: A whispered, intimate tone about the present and future, sometimes with a reproachful or urging tone (What are you thinking, Th?; You are so to blame, Th.)

- Individuality:

+ Distinctive personal tone that reflects the essence of a diary: emotional words, youthful language, capturing the spirit of young people living through wartime.

b. Writing a diary helps you expand your vocabulary, improve linguistic flexibility, and enhance expressive skills.

Exercise 2 (Page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1)

Pronouns commonly used in daily communication: I, you, he, we.

- Conversational language: warm, affectionate (Do you miss me when I leave? / Come here, let’s plant some beans together.)

- The simple yet memorable lục bát poetry form.

- The language is familiar, straightforward, but also subtle and sharp.

Emotional tone: Both lines express affection, a playful declaration of love.

Exercise 3 (Page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1)

The dialogue between Đăm Săn and the villagers reflects the everyday language style, with a back-and-forth exchange between speaker and listener.

+ Repetition of words and phrases, common in epic poetry: If you are guarding the cows, go herd them home / Oh, a thousand sparrows, oh, a thousand swallows.

+ Each sentence has a rhythm, characteristic of epic narratives.

+ The figurative language ties closely to everyday life and activities.

+ Even though this epic dialogue imitates everyday language, it retains unique stylistic features that distinguish it from regular conversational speech.

Practice

Question 1 (Page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1):

a. – Specificity:

+ Specific in terms of space and time: Space: midnight forest; Time: deep in the night.

+ Specific to the speaker and listener: “What are you thinking, Th.? Why are your eyes staring into the darkness?” (a self-dialogue split).

- Individuality: This is evident in the writing style and choice of words. It shows that the diary writer has a rich inner life, filled with deep emotions, and a strong sense of responsibility toward their work.

b. Writing a diary not only helps express emotions but also improves language skills, enhances the ability to communicate, and reduces errors in spelling and grammar.

Question 2 (Page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1): Indicators of the everyday language style:

- Pronouns: I, you; she, he.

- Conversational language: “Do you miss me when I leave?”; “Oh, you in a white dress.”

- Common everyday expressions: “Come here and help me plant beans,” “I smiled with my teeth showing.”

Question 3 (Page 127, Literature 10, Volume 1):

The dialogue between Đăm Săn and the villagers reflects the everyday language style, but with repeated words and phrases: “Who is herding the horses, come get them! Who is watching the elephants, go catch them! Who is looking after the cows, go herd them home!”; “Oh, a thousand sparrows, oh, a thousand swallows!” Each sentence is rhythmic, capturing the epic feel. This conversation, even though it imitates daily language, has a distinct rhythm, making it different from ordinary speech. This rhythmic quality is typical of epic poetry, as it is designed to be sung or chanted. Therefore, the dialogue in this epic, though based on the everyday language style, retains its unique epic features.

Lesson Content

- The conversational style of language is a style that embodies the typical features of the language used in daily communication.

- The fundamental characteristics of this style are: specificity, emotional tone, and individuality.

Lesson Preparation Guidelines

Question 1 (page 127, Literature Textbook, Grade 10, Volume 1):

a. Actions and terms that reflect these characteristics

- Specificity:

+ In terms of time and place: in a room in the middle of a forest at midnight.

+ Specific about the speaker and the purpose of speaking (the character is talking to themselves)

+ Specific in expression: exclamations, self-talk, self-reproach.

- Emotional tone:

+ A soft, intimate voice (reflecting on the present, contemplating the future)

+ A tone of reproach, urging.

- Individuality: many inner words, youthful tone - the spirit of the youth living during wartime.

b. Keeping a diary helps improve language skills, vocabulary, and flexible expression.

Question 2 (page 127, Literature Textbook, Grade 10, Volume 1):

- Common terms of address in everyday conversation: I, you, he, we.

- Dialogue language: informal, affectionate (Do you miss me when you’re back?/ Come here and help me with the gardening, my dear.)

- The simplicity of the six-eight verse makes it easy to remember.

- The words are close to everyday speech, simple but also delicate and sharp.

- Emotional tone: both lines of folk poetry express affection and playful courtship.

Question 3 (page 127, Literature Textbook, Grade 10, Volume 1):

- Differences:

+ This passage contains many redundant elements compared to everyday speech, such as: “oh,” “north,” “south,” “rich families,” “oh, a thousand sparrows…”

+ The speech contains repetition of words and phrases.

+ Each sentence has a rhythm, echoing epic literature, unlike common daily speech.

- Explanation: The repetition of these redundant elements helps maintain the rhythmic flow of the dialogue and preserves the epic atmosphere.