1. Reference Essay 4
Huy Can wrote the poem “The Fishing Boat” in 1958, set in the coastal region of Quang Ninh. The poem was born during a dynamic period in Northern Vietnam, focused on economic and cultural development. It is considered one of the finest works on the theme of labor, depicting the people’s sense of ownership over their lives.
The poem consists of seven stanzas, capturing the journey of a fishing boat: setting sail at dusk, fishing under a full moon on Ha Long Bay, and returning to port at dawn. The sixth and seventh stanzas describe the scene of hauling in the nets in the early morning and the boat’s return with the wind filling the sails:
“The misty stars guide the nets, just before dawn...
...The fish’s eyes gleam, spreading across endless distances.”
The netting takes place at “the misty stars” – the moment just before dawn. The word “kịp” in the line “Sao mờ kéo lưới kịp trời sáng” conveys the urgency and hustle of the fishermen. The excitement and anticipation of the catch are palpable. The nets are full of heavy “clusters of fish” hanging like bunches of fruit. Only a large number of fish can get caught, and only strong, healthy fishermen with firm arms and stamina can “haul them in with all their might.” The line “We pull the heavy clusters of fish” is beautifully crafted, using metaphor to praise the strength and vitality in labor. Huy Can frequently uses the word “cluster” to describe nature’s creatures like chickens or fish, creating a whimsical, vivid image in his poetry:
“Like a tree full of fruits, standing among the children…”
(Autumn Afternoon)
While the fourth stanza describes fish in the sea as a brilliant lacquer painting with shimmering fish scales and “the red-black tail flicking like the moonlit waves,” the sixth stanza portrays the same fish caught in the nets, their scales and tails shining brightly: “Silver scales, golden tails glittering at dawn.” The fish are so vibrant and alive in the nets, reflecting the sunlight. This imagery represents the joy and fulfillment in labor for the fishermen. The line “The nets are folded / the sails are raised / catching the rosy dawn” uses a rhythm of 2/2/3 to describe the swift, orderly actions of the fishermen as they return to port.
The final stanza depicts the fishing boat returning to shore, with the sails full of wind, carrying the fishermen’s song echoing across the sea. This is the third time the poet refers to the song. The first instance describes the song as a joyous, hopeful call as the boat departs: “The song fills the sail with the wind from the horizon.” The second instance captures the song as the fishermen work, expressing their passion for labor and love for the sea:
“We sing a song to bring the fish in,”
The rhythm of the song reflects a connection between the fishermen’s labor and the vast sea. The third instance is a song of triumph and celebration of success. The joy of the fishermen merges with the beauty of the natural world, as a new day begins, the sun rises, and the boat races towards shore:
“The song fills the sail with the wind from the horizon,”
The boat competes with the sun.
The sun rises over the sea, bringing new colors…”
The line “The fish’s eyes gleam, spreading across endless distances” is a striking example of Huy Can’s romantic style in this poem. The metaphor of “fish eyes” (metonymy) – the countless tiny fish eyes reflecting the dawn’s light – extends across “endless distances.” This image creates an impression of the grand beauty of the sea at dawn, and the bountiful catch, a poetic exaggeration representing the abundance of labor. It symbolizes the joy and creativity found in labor, the richness of the sea, and the happiness of workers in control of their destinies. All these themes come together beautifully in the final two stanzas of the poem.
By using vivid colors and powerful poetic techniques like metaphor, metonymy, personification, and hyperbole, Huy Can created striking images filled with meaning. The vast space is brimming with the joy of song, a dawn on the sea, and a dawn in the hearts of the people, as “the earth blooms” and “the sea sings”...

2. Reference Essay Number 5
While the poem "The Team of Drivers Without Windows" is an anthem of courage, determination, and heartfelt dedication to the South, "The Fishing Fleet" is a grand epic celebrating the labor of the people in the socialist construction of North Vietnam in the early years after liberation.
The first stanzas describe the challenging yet joyous journey of the fishermen, as they labor together in a country filled with excitement and natural beauty. In contrast, the final stanza depicts the return of the fishing fleet at dawn:
"The song fills the sails with the sea breeze,
The fishing boats race with the rising sun.
The sun crowns the ocean, bringing forth a new light,
Fish eyes gleam, stretching across miles of horizon."
Huy Can employs a technique of mirroring the first and last lines of the poem, creating a refrain that emphasizes the fishermen's journey filled with optimism, hope, and joy. This highlights their happiness and pride in contributing to the prosperity of their homeland.
The fishing fleet returns, exuberantly singing, with boats brimming with fish, moving swiftly and urgently, racing against the sun to seize every moment for labor. The boats, here, become a metaphor for people aligned with the universe, as they engage in a cosmic race where they emerge victorious. When "the sun crowns the ocean with new light," the fish's eyes gleam brightly across the vast sea.
The phrase "The sun crowns the ocean with new light" personifies the dawn, presenting it as a radiant myth. Here, the sun is not merely a natural force, but represents the gleaming eyes of the fish in the early morning. This poetic image evokes a mythical atmosphere, a hymn to labor.
The closing lines describe how the sunlight beautifies the fruits of labor. The fish, like countless suns, shine brightly, contributing to the splendor of the sky and sea. This reflects the joy of victory, the fulfillment of a bountiful harvest, and the quiet glory of the working people.
This stanza shows how the boats and the fishermen stand out in the vast universe, and how their victory brings a sense of grandeur. Post-1945 Vietnamese literature not only captures the image of the soldiers who liberated the country but also portrays the laborers who built socialism. The poem celebrates those who work tirelessly for the nation’s development.
Scholar Tran Dinh Su observed in his analysis of 9th-grade literary works: "The song fills the sails, now bringing the boats home. But they return with a new posture: racing against the sun, and in this race, the people have already won. As the sun rises, painting the land with red light, the boats have already reached the shore. The morning light makes the fruits of their labor shine brilliantly."
The poet presents the fishing fleet’s journey as a cycle from one evening to the next morning. The emotional arc of the poem mirrors a song celebrating the spirit of diligent labor to build the homeland and ensure a strong foundation for the South.

3. Reference Essay Number 1
The poem "The Fishing Fleet" by Huy Can was created during a vibrant period in Northern Vietnam, when the people were actively working to build and develop the nation's economy and society. The poet composed this piece in the Quang Ninh coastal area in 1958, marking it as one of the prominent works on the theme of the laboring people taking control of their own lives.
The entire poem chronicles the journey of a fishing fleet: setting sail at dawn, fishing under the moonlight on Ha Long Bay, and returning to port at the break of day. The final two stanzas capture the moment of pulling in the nets at first light and the return of the fleet to shore.
"The stars fade, pulling the nets in time with the dawn"
This scene, where the fishermen haul in the nets while the stars are still visible and the sky hasn't fully brightened, highlights the urgency and excitement of the workers, filled with anticipation and hope. The fish, caught in the nets, form "heavy clusters," and only strong, youthful fishermen would have the muscular arms to "haul the nets swiftly," an image celebrating strength and vitality in labor. The poet's choice of the word "clusters" to describe the fish creates a vivid, striking image. The fish caught in the nets shimmer brightly with "silver scales and golden tails" under the first rays of dawn, creating a radiant reflection that symbolizes the joy and enthusiasm of the fishermen. The terms "stacked," "arranged," and "welcomed" suggest a seamless, swift process, illustrating the orderly and prompt actions of the fishermen returning home.
In the final stanza, we see the fishing fleet returning, with the sea breeze filling the sails, and the fishermen's songs echoing across the water. This is the third mention of the song, and this time it symbolizes the victory and joy of the fishermen, who unite with nature in a celebration of a new, joyful day ahead.
"We sing a song calling the fish in"
The boats race against the sun, and the sun "crowns the ocean." The fleet surges forward through the waves, racing against time to return to their families and loved ones. This majestic scene reflects the intense rhythm of life. The image of "The eyes of the fish gleaming across miles of sea" is a stunning metaphor, showcasing the poet's romantic style. Countless fish eyes catch the sunlight, making the sea glitter as the dawn breaks. The combined images of the sparkling sea, sand, and fish create a vast, luminous expanse, symbolizing both a breathtaking marine landscape and a bountiful harvest.
Through his use of color and various literary devices, Huy Can crafts vivid and meaningful images throughout the poem. A grand and joyful atmosphere emerges, carrying the message that labor is a source of happiness, that the sea is rich and beautiful, and that true prosperity and happiness come when the workers control their own destiny.

4. Reference Essay Number 2
Huy Can, a renowned poet, created many beautiful and meaningful poems. In 1958, during a period when Northern Vietnam was focused on developing its economy and culture, he wrote "The Fishing Fleet". This poem is considered one of the most remarkable works that captures the essence of the people’s freedom to work and the ability to build their own lives.
The final two stanzas of the poem describe the fishermen hauling in their nets at dawn and the fleet returning at sunrise, symbolizing the culmination of a full day’s labor, overcoming strong waves and storms to bring back full catches:
"The stars fade, we pull the nets as dawn breaks
We haul the heavy bundles of fish
Silver scales, golden tails glitter in the early light
The nets are folded, sails catching the rosy sunlight"
This verse reflects the joy and pride of the fishermen, as they bring in their catches to sell and support their families. Fishing on the open sea is perilous, with the constant threat of powerful storms. Yet, the fishermen find joy in their work. The poet uses soft, vivid language to highlight the vibrant colors of the fish. These fishermen leave at sunset and return at dawn to sell their fresh catch at the market. The harmony between nature and humanity is beautifully portrayed through the poet's words. As the first light of day appears, the fleet returns, and the poem concludes with these lines:
"The song fills the sails with the sea breeze
The fleet races alongside the sun
The sun crowns the ocean, rising with a new hue
The eyes of the fish gleam across endless miles of sea"
For the third time, the song of the fishermen fills the air as the fleet returns, representing the happiness and fulfillment of the fishermen who worked tirelessly through the night to catch the fish. The final stanza is significant, capturing the beauty of the seaside at dawn, with strong, healthy workers. It suggests that Vietnam will succeed in building socialism, provided there are diligent workers like these.
With a rich and varied use of language, Huy Can beautifully highlights the work of the coastal laborers and captures the splendor of this vibrant maritime community. The poem is filled with a sense of joy, optimism, and love for life that reflects the poet’s spirit.

5. Reference Essay Number 3
Huy Can, one of the prominent poets of the New Poetry Movement, possessed a distinctive voice that explored the vastness of the universe with its infinite compassion, mysteries, and the cyclical movement of the cosmos. His poetry emphasizes human existence as central to the universe, with a deep inspiration drawn from the grandeur of nature and the human pursuit of beauty. This unique blend makes his poems particularly captivating. Reading his work feels like journeying through a world of clouds, rivers, and nature, where he skillfully chisels the language to breathe life into the natural world. One of his most iconic works is the poem "The Fishing Fleet." The most striking verses of this poem are the last two stanzas:
"The stars fade as we haul the nets at dawn,
We pull the heavy bundles of fish with strong arms,
Silver scales and golden tails shimmer at daybreak,
The nets are folded, sails catch the rosy light"
The poem opens with the image of the "sun setting into the sea" and ends with "the sun rising from the ocean," reflecting the fishermen’s full night of labor. The earlier verses describe the journey of the fishing boats and the process of catching fish. The final two stanzas, however, convey the swift passage of a hard night’s work, as the boats return at dawn.
After the intense fishing, the scene of hauling the nets in the early morning light is both beautiful and powerful:
"The stars fade as we haul the nets at dawn,
We pull the heavy bundles of fish with strong arms,
Silver scales and golden tails shimmer at daybreak,
The nets are folded, sails catch the rosy light"
The fishermen work together to pull the heavy nets, filled with "bunches of fish." The scene is almost like a harvest, with fish caught in the nets like ripe fruit hanging. Strong arms lift the fish from the water, and the boat is filled with the catch. Huy Can, a true artist, captures the essence of nature: the golden tails and silver scales of the fish gleaming under the dawn’s light. The poet uses the colors of nature to reflect the warmth of life and the fulfillment of labor. The fishermen’s work is both romantic and passionate, making labor itself a joyful pursuit. The poem showcases the values of hard work and pride in one’s labor, painting a picture of the hardworking fishermen, the backbone of Vietnam's society. The image of "welcoming the rosy light" symbolizes hope and faith in the new socialist society.
As the night passes and the first rays of dawn appear, a new day begins, and the fishing fleet returns:
"The song fills the sails with the sea breeze,
The fleet races alongside the sun.
The sun crowns the ocean, rising with a new hue
The eyes of the fish gleam across endless miles of sea."
The fleet returns, their boats filled with fish and shrimp, and the fishermen sing their song for the third time. This song represents the joy and satisfaction after a long night’s work. The final verse conveys the excitement and happiness of the fishermen as they return to shore, symbolized by the personification of the sun and the boat. The sun rises above the ocean, casting light across the vast sea, while the boats rush back to port, racing against time. The song spreads across the vast space, blending with the sound of the waves, creating a beautiful anthem of life and work. The joy of labor fills the hearts of these hardworking people. With their sweat, blood, intellect, and enthusiasm, the coastal workers contribute to the anthem of life. This enthusiasm is the essence of the happiness that comes from the fruits of labor, a legacy that will endure for generations of Vietnamese workers.
In conclusion, with the last two stanzas, Huy Can vividly portrays the scene of fishermen working through the night, hauling their nets, and returning to port. Through this, he conveys a belief in a new, better life where people can live in happiness and prosperity, embracing the new socialist society under the "rosy light" of hope.

