Top 6 Best Essays on 'A Time of Poetry' by Hoai Thanh for 11th Grade

A. CORE KNOWLEDGE

1. Author

Hoài Thanh: (1909-1982), born Nguyễn Đức Nguyện, came from a patriotic Confucian family.
Born in Nghi Trung commune, Nghi Lộc district, Nghệ An province.
Life and career:
Began writing in the 1930s. In August 1945, he joined the uprising and became Chairman of the National Culture Rescue Association in Huế.
After the August Revolution, he worked in the cultural and artistic sectors, holding several important positions such as General Secretary of the National Culture Rescue Association, Director of the Arts Department, and more.
He is considered the most outstanding literary critic in modern Vietnamese literature.
Notable works include: Literature and Action, Vietnamese Poets, Talks on Resistance Poetry, etc.

2. Work

"An Era in Poetry" is the opening essay in the book Vietnamese Poets, offering a profound overview of the New Poetry movement. The excerpt in the textbook represents the conclusion of this essay. The work emphasizes key aspects of the New Poetry spirit, particularly the individual "I" and the broader concept of "we".
Written in 1941 and published in 1943, the work highlights the distinct features of the New Poetry movement and the individuals who contributed significantly to it.

B. EXERCISES AND SOLUTIONS

Question 1: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2

According to the author, what is the difficulty in identifying the spirit of New Poetry? And how does the author propose to recognize it?

Answer:
The challenge in identifying the spirit of New Poetry lies in the unclear boundary between old and new poetry. Both styles have their merits and flaws.
Recognition methods:
Compare good works with other good works to identify the characteristics and ideologies of the era.
Study the broader context: conduct wide-ranging research to grasp general trends.

Question 2: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2
What is the core contribution of New Poetry to Vietnamese poetry at the time?
Answer:
The central contribution of New Poets to Vietnamese poetry was the concept of "I" with a previously unheard-of understanding: the individual perspective (self-awareness and the desire for authenticity).
At the same time, it illustrates the evolution of "I" and reveals the inner turmoil of the youth of the time.

Question 3: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2
Why does the author describe the "I", in its absolute sense, as "pitiful" and "tragic"?
Answer:
The author describes "I" as both pitiful and tragic because:
The "I" brings sorrow and helplessness, desiring to escape but unable to.
The poets are living in a suppressed and hopeless world, carrying the burden of a lonely and small "I". This contrast between the yearning for freedom and the grim reality highlights the tragic fate of the romantic poet.

Question 4: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2
How did the romantic poets, like the youth of that time, release the burden of their lives?
Answer:
The romantic poets, like the youth, relieved their life's tragedy by:
Pouring their love into the Vietnamese language.
Turning to the past, clinging to eternal values.
This is how they expressed their patriotism in a subtle way during an era of social turmoil, where reality was dark, cruel, and crushed both life and aspirations.

Question 5: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2
Why is "An Era in Poetry" a complex and rich essay, yet still easy to understand and engaging for readers? (Pay attention to the way the issues are raised, how the argument is developed, the vivid and poetic language...) Answer:
"An Era in Poetry" is a complex and rich essay, yet it remains accessible and captivating because:
The issues are introduced clearly and concisely, allowing the reader to grasp the essay's content right from the start.
The author's approach to the topic is smooth: comparing the "I" and "we" in New and Old Poetry, making it easy for the reader to understand.
The language is simple, familiar, evocative, and poetic.
The arguments are scientific, accurate, and novel; the structure is well-organized, with tight, logical reasoning.

Exercise 1: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2
According to Hoài Thanh, how do the "I" and "we" in New Poetry differ from those in Old Poetry?
Answer:
According to Hoài Thanh, the "I" and "we" in New Poetry differ greatly from those in Old Poetry:
The "I"
- Represents personal thought.
- Appeared early but was not initially valued.
- Now holds a rightful place.
The "we"
- Has been present since ancient times, playing a central and fundamental role.
- Though somewhat diminished, it has not completely disappeared.
- Represents national, familial, and communal values.

Exercise 2: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2
How did the New Poets express their patriotism?
Answer:
The patriotism of the New Poets is shown in their deep affection for the values and their creative efforts to enrich the Vietnamese language. They loved the Vietnamese language and sought to make it more beautiful through their poetry. Their patriotism was also reflected in their respect for the nation’s spirit and the beauty of its past. Particularly, they turned to the past with its eternal values, using it as a way to escape the harsh and oppressive present.

Exercise 3: Page 104 of Literature Textbook, Grade 11, Volume 2
What do you understand about the souls of the romantic poets and youth from this essay?
Answer:
From the essay "An Era in Poetry" by Hoài Thanh, we gain a deeper understanding of the romantic poets' souls and the youth of the time. They were sensitive to new ideas and created a completely different "I" from the one in old poetry. This "I" represented the individual’s perspective, emphasizing human desires and aspirations. It reflects the poets’ and youth's yearning for reform and creativity. Moreover, they were patriots, though not always openly, but subtly through their appreciation of the Vietnamese language and their return to the core, enduring values of Vietnamese culture. These qualities show that even as the era of "we" waned, the era of "I" rose, but they still carried the essence of Vietnam in their hearts.

Additional Reference
Question 1: The Value of Content and Art in "An Era in Poetry"
Answer:
1. Content Value
The work clearly presents the core spirit of New Poetry: for the first time, the individual "I" appears in its absolute sense in poetry, while also revealing the silent tragedy of the young soul at the time. The excerpt represents the conclusion of the essay, which is logically structured with an artistic flair, emphasizing the characteristics of New Poetry as a personal "I" and its tragic fate.
2. Artistic Value
Scientific, rigorous argumentation.
Elegant, sophisticated, emotionally rich writing style.
Flexible, fluid writing full of imagery, comparisons that evoke strong associations, and great appeal.
Selected examples, insightful analysis.
Clear, passionate voice, filled with empathy and human connection.

KEY KNOWLEDGE

Content Value:

The excerpt from 'An Era in Poetry' reveals the essence of the new poetry spirit: the expression of 'I' and the subtle tragedy of the young soul during that time. It also evaluates new poetry both in literary and social terms.

Artistic Value:

The excerpt harmoniously combines scientific accuracy with literary artistry. Its scientific points are precise and fresh, while the structure and development of the arguments, along with the art of reasoning, are tightly organized and logical. The artistic techniques used are skillfully executed, able to evoke and captivate the reader's attention.

ANSWER GUIDANCE

Question 1: Textbook – 104

The difficulty in identifying the spirit of new poetry lies in the blurred boundary between old and new poetry, which is not easy to distinguish. Both new and old poetry have their merits and flaws.

Identification Methods:

Compare excellent works with other excellent works to uncover the characteristics and ideas of the era.

Consider the broader context: study the wide scope and large quantity of works to grasp general trends.

Question 2: Textbook – 104

The core contribution of new poets to Vietnam's poetry scene was the introduction of the new poetry spirit, represented by the 'I':

The distinction between 'I' and 'we': In the past, it was the era of 'we', now it is the era of 'I'.

Previously, 'I' was often hidden behind 'we'. Today, 'I' stands alone in its absolute sense. At the same time, 'I' represents the hidden tragedy within the young soul of that time.

Question 3: Textbook – 104

The author explains the 'I' in its absolute sense coming unexpectedly to the poetry world: "But, day by day, it lost its sense of novelty. It became familiar to many. People even found it pitiable. Indeed, it was truly pitiful!" This strange newness came about because:

The 'I' brought a sense of sadness, confusion, and a desire to escape that could not be realized.

The 'I' no longer possessed the boldness of earlier eras, such as the defiant spirit of Li Bai or the self-respect in hardship of Nguyen Cong Tru.

Today's 'I' whines, suffers, and lives a tragic, adventurous life: "Our lives are surrounded by the word 'I'. We seek depth, but the deeper we go, the colder it becomes. We escape into the fantasy with The Le, we wander in the world of love with Luu Trong Lu, we go mad with Han Mac Tu, Che Lan Vien, we are lost in passion with Xuan Dieu. But the realm of fantasy closes, love fades, madness turns into clarity, and passion leaves us wandering. We return to our soul, together with Huy Can. Both real and dream skies seem to follow us with a lingering unease." The sadness and restlessness in Vietnamese poetry have never been more profound. With a sense of pride, we have lost the tranquility of the past.

Question 4: Textbook – 104

Falling into tragedy, the romantic poets, like the 'young people' of that time, resolved their existential crises by embracing the Vietnamese language: "They loved deeply the language that for centuries shared the joys and sorrows of their ancestors.

- They poured their love for their homeland into the love of the Vietnamese language." They believed that: "The Vietnamese language is a fabric that has absorbed the spirits of past generations," and trusted in the philosophical saying: "As long as the Tale of Kieu remains, so too will our language; as long as our language endures, so too will our nation." They believed that, although the spirit of the people and old poetic forms might change, they could never be destroyed, for we must "look to the past to hold onto what is immortal, ensuring the future."

Question 5: Textbook – 104

'An Era in Poetry' is a complex and rich essay, yet its clarity and appeal come from:

The direct and concise approach to presenting the issue, allowing readers to immediately grasp the essence of the essay's content.

The author's natural progression, starting from the demands of the time and societal realities, comparing the 'I' and 'we' in new and old poetry, which makes the reader perceive the matter clearly.

The language used in the essay is simple, familiar, evocative, and poetic.

The scientific points are accurate and new, while the structure and development of arguments, as well as the reasoning process, are tightly organized and logical.

PRACTICE

Exercise 1: Textbook – 104

According to Hoai Thanh's viewpoint, the 'I' and 'we' in new and old poetry differ significantly:

The 'I'

Personal thought

Appeared early but was not highly regarded

Now holds a rightful place

The 'we'

National, familial, and communal thought

Has existed for a long time, maintaining a vital role

Is not completely gone, just temporarily subdued

Exercise 2: Textbook – 104

The patriotic spirit of the new poets is evident in their deep passion for creating cultural values. These poets loved the Vietnamese language, aiming to enrich its beauty through their poetry. Their patriotism also manifested in their respect for the nation's heritage and the beauty of its past. They sought solace in the past, clinging to immortal values as a way to escape the harsh realities of contemporary society.

Exercise 3: Textbook – 104

Through this essay, readers can see the deep affection of the new poets and the young generation of that time. They were intellectuals from the petit-bourgeois class, who had not found a revolutionary path or perhaps lacked the courage to engage in the perilous, bloody struggle for change. As a result, they channeled their deep love for the country into the love of the Vietnamese language, the nation's culture, and their quiet, heartfelt longing for the soul of the homeland. In the context of their society, these expressions of love by the new poets and the intellectuals of that time are both valuable and worthy of respect.

I. About the author Hoai Thanh
- Hoai Thanh (1909-1982), born Nguyen Duc Nguyen
- He came from a patriotic Confucian family
- During his student years, he actively participated in the patriotic movement and was arrested by the French colonists. He served as the Chairman of the National Culture Rescue Society in Hue
- After the revolution, he primarily worked in the field of culture and arts, holding many important positions
- Notable works: Literature and Action, Vietnamese Poets, Vietnam's Cultural Heritage, Discussions on Resistance Poetry, etc.
- He is considered one of the most outstanding literary critics of modern Vietnamese literature

II. About the work "An Era in Poetry" (Hoai Thanh)
1. Origin
- "An Era in Poetry" is an essay that introduces the book "Vietnamese Poets", summarizing the New Poetry movement in depth
- This excerpt is from the concluding section of the essay
2. Structure
- Part 1 (from the beginning to "general overview"): Discusses the spirit of New Poetry.
- Part 2 (from there to "personal confusion"): Differentiates between old and new poetry; the dominant emotions of New Poetry.
- Part 3 (remaining part): Expresses faith and hope in the development of New Poetry.
3. Content Value
- The work clearly states the essence of New Poetry's spirit: For the first time, the term "I" in its absolute sense appears in poetry, symbolizing the quiet tragedy within the soul of young people of the time
4. Artistic Value
- The essay employs logical, thorough, and scientific reasoning with refined, emotional, and masterful writing style

III. Answering Questions

Question 1 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

The challenge in identifying the spirit of New Poetry:

- The boundary between old and new poetry is not always clear and easy to distinguish

- Methods of identification:

+ It cannot solely rely on poor poems, as each era has them. One must compare with quality works

+ The old and new are intertwined, so a broader comparison is necessary

Question 2 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

The core of what the poet introduced to Vietnamese poetry at that time is the concept of "I" with a new understanding:

+ The personal consciousness (self-awareness and the desire for authenticity)

+ Simultaneously, "I" also represents the underlying tragedy within the souls of young people of the time

Question 3 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

The "I" brings to the poet's soul a cold, wandering sadness, a yearning for escape but no way out. These are the poets trapped in a life of longing, despairing from the loss of their nation

- The contrast between the desire to break free and the reality of being confined highlights the tragic fate of romantic poets

- The escape leads to a closed path

- A wild adventure in love, where love proves fleeting

- Madness—madness, then awakening

- Passion—passionate yet still lost

Question 4 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

At the time, poets resolved their life's tragedy by:

- Embedding their sorrow in the Vietnamese language

- Pouring their love for the homeland into the love of the Vietnamese language, drawing on the spirit of the nation, seeking spiritual support from the past

- The tone reflects a deep yearning, hoping to transcend the poet's tragic fate

Question 5 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

The artistic quality of the essay excerpt is reflected in:

- The issue being raised clearly and concisely

- The discussion is skillfully crafted, scientific, and easy to understand, with a smooth flow in the argument structure

- The argumentative language is rich in poetic imagery, evoking emotions, capturing the reader's interest

- The reasoning is logically tight, providing profound scientific insights

When analyzing the characteristics of New Poetry, the author always explores the relationship between "I" and "we" to identify similarities and differences

+ In uncovering the new aspects of New Poetry, the author approaches the issue within the context of the era and the psychological state of contemporary poets, with insight and depth

+ The analysis is closely intertwined with the broad generalizations and specific, varied, persuasive examples

+ The author offers a profound view of the terms "I" and "we", comparing poets and poems from both old and new schools within a historical framework

PRACTICE

Exercise 1 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

The differences between the terms "I" and "we" in new and old poetry:

- "I" and "we" represent self-consciousness. The term "I" carries its absolute meaning

- The term "we" in old poetry reflects individual awareness tied to community or collective

Exercise 2 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

The patriotic feelings of New Poets are manifested in their creative efforts in poetry:

- They not only create cultural values but also actively engage in revolutionary movements

- New poets love the Vietnamese language and strive to enrich it

- Their patriotism is shown through their respect for the spiritual values and traditions of the nation

Exercise 3 (Page 104, Literature 11, Vol. 2):

Readers gain a deeper understanding of the soul of romantic poets:

- The compassionate heart of New Poets, the youth of the time

- They are intellectuals from the petit bourgeois class who have not found the revolutionary path or have not yet dared to embark on the difficult, perilous revolutionary journey

- Their profound love is expressed in their affection for the Vietnamese language, the culture of their people, and their silent nostalgia for the soul of the nation

→ These expressions from the intellectual youth of the time are valuable and worthy of respect

I. A Few Insights about the Author and the Work

1. The Author

- Hoai Thanh (1909–1982), born Nguyen Duc Nguyen, hailed from a patriotic, poor Confucian family in Nghi Trung, Nghi Loc District, Nghe An Province.

- Hoai Thanh is regarded as the foremost literary critic of modern Vietnamese literature. He authored several significant works including 'Literature and Action' (1936), 'Vietnamese Poets' (1942), 'A Vietnamese Culture' (1946), 'The Right to Life of Human Beings in 'The Tale of Kieu' by Nguyen Du' (1949), 'On Revolutionary Poetry' (1950), and 'Criticism and Essays' (three volumes, 1960, 1965, 1971).

2. The Work

'An Era in Poetry' is an essay that opens the book 'Vietnamese Poets' and offers a profound summary of the New Poetry movement. The excerpt appears at the end of the essay.

Structure: 3 parts

+ Part 1 (from the beginning to 'Looking at the Big Picture'): Establishing the principles of the New Poetry spirit.

+ Part 2 (from 'Huy Can' onward): The essence of New Poetry - the affirmation and evolution of 'I'.

+ Part 3 (the final section): Proposing solutions to the tragedy.

II. Guide for Preparation

Question 1 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

The challenge in identifying the spirit of New Poetry:

- Every era has its own greatness, mediocrity, brilliance, and banality.

- The difficulty of identifying the 'spirit of New Poetry' lies in the lack of a clear-cut boundary between old and new poetry. As the author states, 'Perhaps we must accept that the world was not created all at once with our generation. Today is a continuation of yesterday, and within the new, there still remains some of the old...'

From this, the author offers a way to identify:

- 'Sadly, mediocrity and absurdity are not unique to any one era. To understand the true spirit of poetry, one must compare a bad poem with a good one.'

- 'To understand the distinctive features of each era, we must look at the big picture.'

Question 2 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

The core concept introduced by New Poetry to the Vietnamese poetry scene is the 'I'. According to the poet:

+ 'In general, the spirit of both the old and new poetry can be summarized in two words: 'I' and 'We'. In the past, it was the era of 'We', now it is the era of 'I'.'

+ The essence of 'I': It represents the individual’s consciousness in its liberation, awakening, and explosion (the absolute meaning of 'I').

+ Journey: Initially timid and unfamiliar – eventually familiar – considered pitiable and unfortunate.

Question 3 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

The meaning of 'I' is described as 'pitiable' and 'tragic':

- It represents the tragedy of a small, unfortunate 'I' that 'loses the boldness it once had'.

- The tragedy of 'I': Losing breadth (unable to find a common voice with life), only having depth (retreating into personal consciousness).

- The tragedy of 'I' is confused and lacks full trust, no longer relying on something immutable, as 'We' did in the past.

=> These are societal tragedies: New Poetry reflects the silent crisis of a generation, its disappointments and hopes.

Question 4 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

Romantic poets and 'youth' of the time addressed their life's crises by immersing themselves in the Vietnamese language. 'They deeply loved a language that, for centuries, has shared the joys and sorrows of their ancestors. They poured their love for their homeland into the love for the Vietnamese language.' They believed, 'The Vietnamese language is the silk that carries the soul of past generations,' and trusted the philosophical words, 'As long as 'The Tale of Kieu' exists, our language exists, as long as our language exists, our country exists.'

Question 5 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

'An Era in Poetry' is a complex yet engaging essay, easy to understand and captivating because:

- The issue is presented and solved convincingly and scientifically.

- The arguments in the essay are highly persuasive because they are tightly connected to the observations and general points, backed by diverse and compelling examples.

- The essay offers a comprehensive view of 'I' and 'We', comparing old and new poets and their works in the historical context, rather than presenting a one-sided or simplistic view.

Practice

Question 1 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

The fundamental difference between the 'I' in New Poetry and 'We' in Old Poetry:

- Old poetry often expresses shared emotions of a group, a type of person, or a collective. The 'I', if it exists, is concealed under this collective 'We'.

- The 'I' in New Poetry is distinct, standing alone, and reveals the most intimate thoughts within itself.

Question 2 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

The patriotism of New Poets is reflected in their love for the Vietnamese language, which has 'carried the souls of past generations'. They believe that the fate of the nation is intertwined with the fate of the language, and through their poetry, they aim to enrich and beautify the Vietnamese language.

Question 3 (page 104, Literature 11, Volume 2):

Through this essay, we gain insight into the heartfelt affection of New Poets and the youth of their time. These poets lived in a state of exhaustion and constraint due to their lost homeland. They had not yet found the path to reclaim independence for their nation. Therefore, their deep love for their country was channeled into their devotion to the Vietnamese language.

1. Author
- Birth name: Nguyễn Đức Nguyên, born on July 15, 1909, and passed away on March 14, 1982.
- Came from a poor Confucian family and became involved in the patriotic movement at a young age. He started writing in his early twenties.
- Considered one of the most prominent literary critics in modern Vietnamese literature.
- His most notable work: "Thi nhân Việt Nam" (1942).
- Awarded the Hồ Chí Minh Prize for Literature and Art in 2000.

2. Work
His essay "A New Era in Poetry" critically examines the New Poetry movement.
- It is placed at the beginning of his book "Thi nhân Việt Nam".
- The excerpt is taken from the concluding section of the essay.

3. Understanding the essay

Question 1 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

- The difficulty in identifying the spirit of New Poetry lies in the indistinct boundary between old and new poetry.

- The author proposes a method for identifying New Poetry: a comparative approach.

+ Compare a great poem with another great poem.

+ One must "look at the overall picture".

Question 2 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

* The core element that New Poetry brings to the Vietnamese poetry scene:

- The concept of "I" with a personal view, an unprecedented idea. Before, "I" had to hide behind "we" but now it is expressed in its absolute form.

- The "I" also reflects the tragedy of the youth of that time.

- They sought escape by channeling all their love into the Vietnamese language.

Question 3 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

* The tragic "I" is sorrowful because:

- It loses its dignified self: no longer having the boldness of Lí Bạch, or the self-respect amidst poverty like Nguyễn Công Trứ.

- It is in a state of constant suffering and despair.

- It lacks complete faith in reality, trying to escape it but falling into a tragic state.

Question 4 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

The tragedy of the youth at the time: They were lonely, disheartened, seeking escape from reality, lacking faith in it, but ultimately ending up in deadlock. This tragic "I" represents the essence of that era, so it holds both literary and social significance.

Question 5 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

* "A New Era in Poetry" is a complex, rich essay, yet it remains accessible and captivating to readers due to:

- Engaging and flexible artistic techniques:

- Scientific approach:

+ Accurate and profound arguments.

+ Selective evidence and logical, convincing reasoning.

+ Effective use of contrast and comparison.

+ A comprehensive and objective evaluation of the issue from multiple perspectives.

+ A natural, flexible, and unique presentation of the issue with smooth transitions.

- Artistic qualities:

+ Unique and vivid language, simple yet concise, with high expressive value.

+ Warm, heartfelt writing with many evocative, imagistic, and metaphorical expressions: “Our lives... alongside Huy Cận.”

+ A sincere, passionate tone.

+ The argumentative style is not dry but gentle, appealing, clear, sincere, compassionate, and full of human emotion.

PRACTICE

Question 1 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

- "I": the absolute meaning.

+ There is no individual; only collectivity exists, whether in the form of a nation or a family. The individuality, the unique essence of a person, dissolves within the family or the nation like a drop in the ocean.

+ It does not self-identify or hide behind "we".

- The "we" in old poetry is the personal consciousness tied to the community, whether at a national or family level.

+ The personal concept is closely associated with the individual.

+ It is awkward to follow "you", "sir", or "elder". How much more so when it stands alone now.

+ The absolute meaning of "I" emerges.

Question 2 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

* The patriotism of the New Poets is expressed through:

- By embedding all their love into the Vietnamese language: “They deeply cherish the language that has shared joys and sorrows with their ancestors for many centuries. They pour their love for the homeland into the love of Vietnamese.”

- Because the Vietnamese language is the foundation of the soul and the cultural history of the nation.

- Respect for the national spirit, the beauty of the nation's past.

Question 3 (Page 104, Vietnamese Language 11, Volume 2)

- The "I" of the New Poets is "tragic" and "pitiful" because it brings sorrow and loneliness to their souls, wanting to escape but unable to. These poets live in a confined, despairing life, embodying the smallness of the lost nation.

- The New Poets and the youth of that time expressed their deep, unspoken love for their homeland. They poured all this love into the Vietnamese language.

Structure

Structure: 3 parts

- Part 1 (from the beginning to the overall view): introduces the spirit of New Poetry.

- Part 2 (from the middle to the personal concern): differentiates old poetry from new poetry; the dominant emotion in New Poetry.

- Part 3 (remaining part): faith and hope for the development of New Poetry.

Main Content

"A New Era in Poetry" outlines the essence of the "spirit of New Poetry": For the first time, the "I", in its absolute form, appears in poetry, reflecting the silent tragedy within the soul of the youth of that time.