Top 6 Best Essays on 'Enhancing Vocabulary' for 9th Grade

I. Training to master the meaning of words and their usage.

Question 1, page 99, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

The opinion of the late Prime Minister, cultural figure Pham Van Dong, is:

Vietnamese is a rich and beautiful language, capable of meeting all the needs, understanding, and communication of the Vietnamese people.

In order to effectively use the Vietnamese language, individuals must continuously enrich their vocabulary fluently.

Question 2, page 100, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

a) Error of "redundant words": "landscape" is "beautiful scenery," so it should not be paired with "beautiful" again.

b) Incorrect usage of the word "predict": Prediction is about forecasting future situations. In this case, the correct word should be "guess" or "speculate."

c) Incorrect word combination: "Promote" (to encourage rapid development) cannot be used with "scale" (which refers to size). The word "expand" should replace "promote".

II. Training to expand vocabulary.

The opinion of the writer To Hoai:

The talented pen of Nguyen Du was not innate but learned from the speech of the people.
Enriching vocabulary, besides understanding the exact meaning for correct usage, also involves expanding one's vocabulary by learning new words.

III. Practice on the topic of enriching vocabulary

Question 1, page 101, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

a) Consequence refers to an undesirable result.

b) Win refers to gaining victory.

c) Star refers to a celestial object.

Question 2, page 101, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

a)

"Tuyet" (meaning 1): complete extinction.

Example: extinction, starvation, severance…

"Tuyet" (meaning 2): extreme or utmost.

Example: excellent, supreme, wonderful…

Word explanations:

Extinction: no more of a species
Severance: cutting off relations
Extinction of descendants: no heirs
Starvation: going without food
Supreme: the highest point
Secret: confidential
Unmatched: the best in the world
b)

"Dong" (meaning 1): together or similar.

Example: same species, synchronous, comrade…

"Dong" (meaning 2): children.

Example: child, youthful, childlike…

"Dong" (meaning 3): copper or metal material.

Example: copper coin.

Explanation of meanings:

Homophonic words: same sound
Fellow villagers: same ancestry
Synchronized: parts working smoothly together
Comrade: people with shared goals
Classmates: people in the same class
Same age: people of the same age
Children's story: tale for kids
Childlike song: song for children

Question 3, page 102, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

a) Incorrect use of "silence." This term is generally used to refer to people, so it should be replaced with "stillness" or "quiet."

b) Incorrect use of "establish." This term refers to creating organizations or nations, so it should be replaced with "set up."

c) Incorrect use of "emotion." This term is usually a noun or verb, not an adjective, so it should be replaced with "moved" or "impressed."

Question 4, page 102, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

To comment on this opinion, it is important to understand its core essence: the beauty of the Vietnamese language can be found in the everyday speech of the people. In the modern age, science and technology may replace traditional knowledge, but the beauty of proverbs and folk songs will remain because they represent wisdom, the soul, and the rich imagery and rhythm of the language.

Question 5, page 103, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

Methods to increase one's vocabulary quantity:

Observe and listen carefully to the everyday language of those around you.
Read books and newspapers, especially exemplary literary works by famous authors.
Take notes of newly encountered words, use them, and look them up for more understanding.
Practice using new words in appropriate situations.

Question 6, page 103, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

Fill in the blanks with the correct words:

a) Synonym of "final goal" is ultimate purpose.

b) Synonym of "weakness" is flaw.

c) Presenting one's wishes to a superior is submitting a proposal.

d) Panic to the point of losing reason is delirium.

e) Quick but without caution is impulsive.

Question 7, page 103, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

a)

Honorarium: payment given to authors for their published work.

Compensation: payment made to workers for their services.

b)

Empty-handed: lacking any property or money.

Destitute: having lost all wealth, having nothing left.

c)

Review: evaluate and reconsider previous actions to make a general judgment.

Inventory: check items to determine quantity and quality.

d)

Overview: research a topic generally without going into details.

Summary: recount or briefly explain the main points.

Question 8, page 104, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

Compound words have similar components in different orders: fight struggle – struggle fight, love cherish – cherish love, affection bond – bond affection, wait hope – hope wait, develop expand – expand develop, color tone – tone color.
Reduplicated words have similar components but the order is changed: wave roll – roll wave, thin frail – frail thin, miss long – long miss, deep love – love deep, pain sorrow – sorrow pain, yearning crave – crave yearning, flutter float – float flutter, ecstatic dazed – dazed ecstatic.

Question 9, page 104, 9th Grade Literature Textbook, Volume 1:

"Bất" (no, not): disagree, immortal…
"Bí" (hidden): secret, alias…
"Đa" (many): emotional, affectionate…
"Đề" (raise, present): submit, propose…
...students complete the rest…

I. Training to understand the meaning and usage of words.

Question 1: The opinion of the late Prime Minister and cultural figure Pham Van Dong is as follows:

+ Vietnamese is a rich and beautiful language that meets the cognitive and communicative needs of its speakers.

+ To make the most of the Vietnamese language, each individual must continuously cultivate their vocabulary in a fluid manner.

Question 2: Common mistakes in expression.

a) Repetition error: 'landscape' means 'beautiful scenery' and should not be paired with the word 'beautiful' again.

b) Misuse of the word 'predict' (in science, prediction is not possible).

c) Misuse of 'promote' (implying rapid growth) with 'scale' (which only refers to size), the correct term is 'expand' instead of 'promote'.

II. Training to enhance vocabulary.

- Nguyen Du's literary genius was not innate but developed by learning the language of the people.

- Cultivating vocabulary means not only understanding words' meanings but also enriching it by learning new terms.

III. Exercises

Exercise 1 (page 101, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

a) Consequence: bad result

b) Conquer: to win

c) Constellation: stars in the sky

Exercise 2 (page 101, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

a) 'Tuyet' (meaning: gone, nothing left): extinction, severance, extinction (no descendants), starvation…

'Tuyet' (meaning: ultimate, best): secret, masterpiece, unparalleled…

b) 'Dong' (meaning: similar, together): harmony, community, comrade...

'Dong' meaning same sound or group, such as 'nourishing', 'comrade' and 'synonym'.

Exercise 3 (page 102, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

a) The road was quiet late at night.

b) Vietnam established diplomatic relations during the period of renovation with nearly all countries.

c) His charitable actions deeply moved us.

Exercise 4 (page 102, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

Poet Che Lan Vien emphasized that Vietnamese is rich, pure, and beautiful. This is reflected clearly in the speech of rural folk and our ancestors.

Thus, to preserve the wealth of the Vietnamese language, we must continue to cultivate vocabulary.

Exercise 5 (page 102, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

Methods for enhancing personal vocabulary:

- Observe and listen to the daily language around you.

- Read literature, particularly exemplary works from famous writers.

- Record newly heard words and research their meanings.

- Practice using new words in appropriate contexts.

Exercise 6 (page 103, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

a) A synonym for 'flaw' is 'weakness'.

b) 'Rescue' means assistance or help.

c) To present ideas to superiors is 'to propose'.

d) Acting hastily without thought is 'rash'.

e) 'Panicking to the point of losing control' is 'hysteria'.

Exercise 7 (page 103, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

a) 'Royalty' is the money paid to authors for published works.

- 'Labor payment' refers to compensation for workers.

b) 'Empty-handed' means having no assets, no wealth.

- 'Broke' means having lost everything.

c) 'Review' means evaluating actions to form an overall judgment.

- 'Inventory' means checking quantities and quality.

d) 'Survey' means a general study of the main points, not going into details.

- 'Summary' means presenting a brief account.

Exercise 8 (page 104, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

- Compound words consist of identical elements, but in a different order: 'struggle' – 'fight', 'affection' – 'meaningful relationship', 'wait' – 'hope', 'deploy' – 'unfold'.

- Reduplicative words have similar components but in varying orders: 'empty' – 'withered', 'yearn' – 'long for', 'intense' – 'warmth'.

Exercise 9 (page 104, Vietnamese Literature 9, Vol. 1)

- 'Bất' means 'not', such as 'disagreement'.

- 'Bí' means 'secret', such as 'secret name'.

- 'Đa' means 'many', such as 'many emotions'.

- 'Đề' means 'raise', such as 'recommendation'.

- 'Gia' means 'add', such as 'membership'.

- 'Giáo' means 'teach', such as 'education'.

- 'Hồi' means 'return', such as 'homecoming'.

- 'Khai' means 'open', such as 'grand opening'.

- 'Quảng' means 'wide', such as 'square'.

- 'Suy' means 'reduce', such as 'decline'.

- 'Thuần' means 'pure', such as 'purebred'.

- 'Thủ' means 'head', such as 'leader'.

- 'Thủy' means 'water', such as 'hydroelectric'.

- 'Tư' means 'private', such as 'belongings'.

- 'Trữ' means 'store', such as 'reserve'.

- 'Trường' means 'long', such as 'long term'.

- 'Trọng' means 'weight', such as 'respect'.

- 'Vô' means 'none', such as 'meaningless'.

- 'Xuất' means 'release', such as 'export'.

- 'Yếu' means 'important', such as 'critical'.

Students should find other words themselves.

I. PRACTICE TO MASTER THE MEANING AND USAGE OF WORDS

Answer Question 1 (Page 99, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

What does the author want to convey through the following statement?

Answer:

The statement by Pham Van Dong has two main ideas:

a) Vietnamese is a rich and beautiful language, capable of fulfilling the intellectual and communicative needs of the Vietnamese people.

b) To make full use of Vietnamese, each individual must continuously refine their vocabulary and use words smoothly and appropriately.

Answer Question 2 (Page 100, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Identify the expression errors in the following sentences.

Answer:

a. Error: 'Scenic spots' means beautiful scenery, so the word 'beautiful' is redundant.

b. Error: 'Prediction' should be replaced with 'guess'.

c. Error: 'Boost' should be replaced with 'expand'.

II. PRACTICE TO ENHANCE VOCABULARY

How do you understand the following idea?

Answer:

- The literary talent of Nguyen Du wasn't innate; he learned the language and expressions of the people.

- Enriching one’s vocabulary is not only about understanding meanings to use words correctly, but also about expanding vocabulary by learning new words.

III. EXERCISES

Answer Question 1 (Page 101, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Choose the correct explanation:

Detailed Answer:

- 'Consequence' means a negative outcome.

- 'Seize' means to win or gain victory.

- 'Stars' refer to the stars in the sky (in general terms).

Answer Question 2 (Page 101, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Identify the meanings of the Chinese-Vietnamese elements:

Detailed Answer:

a) 'Tuyệt':

- 'Tuyệt' means complete or extreme: 'extinct' (completely wiped out), 'cut off relations' (end all communication), 'no heir' (no descendants), 'fasting' (refusal to eat as a form of protest).

- 'Tuyệt' can also mean the best or supreme: 'summit' (highest point), 'confidential' (kept secret), 'masterpiece' (a work of high art), 'unparalleled' (best in the world).

b) 'Đồng':

- 'Đồng' means together, similar: 'homophone' (same sound), 'fellow countrymen' (those of the same ethnicity), 'coordinate' (working together harmoniously), 'comrade' (political ally), 'same kind' (identical in nature).

- 'Đồng' also refers to children: 'childhood' (about 7-8 years old), 'nursery rhyme' (children’s songs), 'fairy tale' (stories for children).

- 'Đồng' refers to a metal: 'bronze drum', 'copper vessels'.

Answer Question 3 (Page 102, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Correct the word usage errors in the sentences:

Detailed Answer:

a) 'At night, the streets are very silent.'

This sentence incorrectly uses 'silent.' This word is typically used to describe people or human-created situations. It can be replaced with 'quiet' or 'still'.

'At night, the streets are very still.'

b) 'During the renewal period, Vietnam established diplomatic relations with most countries in the world.'

The word 'established' is incorrect in this context because it refers to creating a new organization, like a state or a club. In diplomacy, 'establishing relations' should be replaced with 'setting up'.

'During the renewal period, Vietnam set up diplomatic relations with most countries in the world.'

c) 'His charitable activities moved us deeply.'

The word 'moved' is used incorrectly. It should be replaced with 'touched' or 'emotionally affected', as 'moved' is typically used as a verb to describe a person's emotional state.

'His charitable activities touched us deeply.'

d) 'Scientists predict these vases are about 2500 years old.'

The word 'predict' is incorrect because it implies forecasting a future event. It should be replaced with 'estimate'.

'Scientists estimate these vases are about 2500 years old.'

Answer Question 4 (Page 102, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Comment on the statement by poet Che Lan Vien:

Detailed Answer:

Poet Che Lan Vien confirmed that Vietnamese is rich, clear, and beautiful. This is particularly evident in the language used by farmers and workers. Today, we must continue to learn from their expressions to preserve the richness and purity of the Vietnamese language.

Answer Question 5 (Page 103, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Based on President Ho Chi Minh’s advice, how would you improve your vocabulary?

Detailed Answer:

- Pay attention to the language of people around you during communication; listen and learn from media sources like radio and television.

- Read literary works to collect unfamiliar words.

- Note down new words and look them up in the dictionary or ask teachers for clarification.

- Practice using new words by writing regularly and refining your sentence construction.

Answer Question 6 (Page 103, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blanks in the following sentences:

Detailed Answer:

a) Synonym for 'flaw' is 'weakness'.

b) 'Crisis' means the ultimate goal.

c) 'To express one’s opinion' is 'to present'.

d) 'Quick but careless' is 'hasty'.

e) 'So panicked that one shows signs of losing their mind' is 'hysterical'.

g) A synonym for the proverb 'Little by little, one achieves greatness' is 'Small efforts lead to big achievements'.

Answer Question 7 (Page 103, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Distinguish the meanings of the following word pairs and use them in sentences:

Detailed Answer:

a) 'Royalty' refers to the payment for an author’s work. 'Compensation' refers to the money paid for labor.

Example: - He received a royalty payment for his poem published in the magazine.

- This month, the compensation for night shift workers was increased.

b) 'Criterion' is a standard to identify or categorize something. 'Standard' is an established guideline for evaluation.

Example: - A key criterion for a question to be classified as a question is the presence of a question word.

- Our family meets all the standards for a cultural family.

c) 'Tay trắng' means having nothing, while 'trắng tay' means losing everything.

Example: - With determination, we can rise from having nothing.

- If you gamble, you might end up losing everything.

d) 'Review' means to evaluate, while 'inventory' means to check and confirm the quantity and quality of items.

Example: - I’m currently writing a review for the end-of-year member assessment.

- The school is conducting an inventory of its assets before summer break.

e) 'Summary' refers to a general overview of key issues, while 'abstract' refers to a concise presentation of content.

Example: - Scientists have summarized the key findings of the Đông Sơn culture.

- The teacher provided an abstract of the literary work before discussing a specific excerpt.

Answer Question 8 (Page 104, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Find five compound words and reduplications:

Detailed Answer:

- Compound words: love, care, discuss, praise, request, ensure, simple, gentle, harsh, persistent.

- Reduplications: busy, floating, endless, rushed, scattered, harsh, cold, stubborn...

Answer Question 9 (Page 104, Literature Textbook 9, Volume 1):

Find Chinese-Vietnamese compound words:

Detailed Answer:

- 'Bất' (not): 'immortal', 'unjust', 'invincible'.

- 'Bí' (secret): 'mystery', 'cryptic'.

- 'Đa' (many): 'diverse', 'abundant'.

- 'Đề' (raise): 'promotion', 'suggest'.

- 'Gia' (add): 'assist', 'join'.

- 'Giáo' (teach): 'education', 'teacher'.

- 'Hồi' (return): 'revival', 'recovery'.

- 'Khai' (open): 'start', 'launch'.

- 'Quảng' (wide): 'extensive', 'broad'.

- 'Suy' (decline): 'degraded', 'weak'.

- 'Thuần' (pure): 'genuine', 'clear'.

- 'Thủ' (head): 'capital', 'chief'.

- 'Thủy' (water): 'naval', 'hydraulic'.

- 'Tư' (private): 'personal', 'private'.

- 'Trữ' (store): 'reserve', 'inventory'.

- 'Trường' (long): 'eternal', 'immortal'.

- 'Trọng' (heavy): 'critical', 'important'.

- 'Vô' (none): 'limitless', 'useless'.

- 'Xuất' (exit): 'export', 'out'.

- 'Yếu' (important): 'key', 'significant'.

I. Training to fully grasp the meaning and usage of words:

Question 1: Read carefully the opinion of late Prime Minister Pham Van Dong. We can understand that:

- Vietnamese is an incredibly rich and beautiful language, capable of meeting all communication needs of the Vietnamese people.

- To fully harness the potential of the Vietnamese language, each individual must constantly improve their language skills, starting with expanding their vocabulary.

Question 2:

a. Word repetition error: ‘scenic spot’ already means “beautiful scenery,” so it shouldn't be combined with “beautiful” again.

b. Incorrect use of the word “forecast.” “Forecast” refers to predicting future situations or events. In this case, the word “predict” or “guess” should be used instead.

c. Incorrect word combination: “accelerate” (to promote quick development) cannot go with “scale” (indicating size). “Expand” should replace “accelerate” in this context.

These mistakes arise because the writer did not fully understand the meanings and usages of the words they used. Clearly, the issue is not due to a “poor language,” but because the writer didn’t know how to use the language properly. Thus, to “know how to use our language,” one must first master the full and accurate meanings of words and how to use them.

II. Training to increase vocabulary.

Carefully read the passage by To Hoai. We can observe that:

- The brilliant writing style of Nguyen Du was not innate, but rather the result of learning from the language of the people.

- Expanding vocabulary requires not only an accurate understanding of word meanings for correct usage, but also enriching one’s vocabulary by learning new words.

Exercise:

Question 1: Choose the correct explanation:

- Consequence: negative result. Note: “hậu” means “after,” but “hậu quả” (consequence) doesn’t mean “final result” because the Vietnamese language already has the word “kết quả” (result), which carries a positive connotation, while “hậu quả” carries a negative connotation.

- Win: to achieve victory.

- Star: refers to stars in the sky (general term). Note: “tinh” means “star” and “tú” means “beautiful,” but “tinh tú” does not mean “beautiful stars.” The meaning of “pure and precious” is already captured by the term “tinh túy” (essence).

Question 2: Identify the meaning of the following Sino-Vietnamese elements:

a. Tuyệt:

- To end, to have nothing left: tuyệt chủng (extinction), tuyệt giao (cut off communication), tuyệt tự (no descendants), tuyệt thực (hunger strike – a form of protest).

- Extreme, the best: tuyệt đỉnh (highest point), tuyệt mật (top secret), tuyệt tác (masterpiece), tuyệt trần (best in the world, incomparable).

b. Đồng:

- Together, similar: đồng âm (same pronunciation), đồng bào (people of the same ethnicity, nationality, or country – with a connotation of close kinship), đồng bộ (coordinated), đồng chí (comrade), đồng dạng (similar form), đồng khởi (joint uprising to break free from oppression), đồng môn (same school or sect), đồng niên (same age), đồng sự (colleague).

- Children: đồng ấu (children aged 6–7), đồng dao (children’s song), đồng thoại (children’s story).

- (Material) bronze: trống đồng (ancient musical instrument in the shape of a drum, made of bronze, with decorative patterns).

Question 3: Correct the misused words in the following sentences:

a. “Late in the evening, the streets were very quiet.”: Misuse of “quiet.” This word is used for describing people or human-related scenes. It can be replaced by “calm” or “silent.”

b. “During the renovation period, Vietnam established diplomatic relations with most countries in the world.”: Misuse of “established.” This word means “to create or set up an organization such as a government, party, club, etc.” Diplomatic relations are not an organization. The common Vietnamese expression is “set up diplomatic relations.”

c. “His charitable actions deeply moved us.”: Misuse of “emotion.” This word is usually used as a noun, meaning “a feeling caused by something.” It can also be used as a verb, meaning “to feel emotional.” The correct phrase should be “moved” instead of “emotion.”

Question 4: Comment on the opinion of Che Lan Vien.

The Vietnamese language is a pure and beautiful language. This is demonstrated first and foremost through the language of the farmers. To preserve the purity and beauty of the national language, we must learn the words and expressions of the common people.

Question 5: To increase vocabulary, one should:

- Pay attention to observing and listening to the daily speech of those around us, as well as the media such as radio and television.

- Read books, especially exemplary literary works by famous writers.

- Take note of new words encountered, and if there are difficult words that one cannot explain, consult a dictionary or ask others, especially teachers.

- Practice using new words in appropriate communication situations.

Question 6: Choose the appropriate word for each blank in the sentence:

a. A synonym for “weakness” is “flaw.”

b. “Cứu cánh” means “ultimate goal.”

c. To present opinions or wishes to superiors is “to submit.”

d. Quick but lacking seriousness is “rash.”

e. Panic to the point of exhibiting signs of insanity is “chaotic.”

Question 7: Distinguish the meanings of the following word pairs:

a. “Nhuận bút” is “payment for writing a work”; while “thù lao” is “payment for labor (either as a verb or noun). Therefore, the meaning of “thù lao” is much broader than “nhuận bút.”

b. “Tay trắng” means “having no possessions or wealth,” while “trắng tay” means “losing all wealth or possessions, having nothing left.”

c. “Kiểm điểm” means “review or evaluate something in detail,” while “kiểm kê” means “check the quantity and quality of items.”

d. “Lược khảo” means “study the main points in a general way, without going into detail,” while “lược thuật” means “summarize or present briefly.”

Question 8:

- 5 compound words: bàn luận – luận bàn, ca ngợi – ngợi ca, đấu tranh – tranh đấu, cầu khẩn – khẩn cầu, bảo đảm – đảm bảo, dịu hiền – hiền dịu, đơn giản – giản đơn, khổ cực – cực khổ, diệu kì – kì diệu, mầu nhiệm – nhiệm mầu, thương yêu – yêu thương, đợi chờ – chờ đợi, triển khai – khai triển, …

- 5 reduplicated words: ao ước – ước ao, bề bộn – bộn bề, dào dạt – dạt dào, đày đọa – đọa đày, đau đớn – đớn đau, hắt hiu – hiu hắt, hững hờ – hờ hững, khát khao – khao khát, lọc lừa – lừa lọc, ngại ngần – ngần ngại, ngào ngạt – ngạt ngào, thiết tha – tha thiết, tối tăm – tăm tối, vương vấn – vấn vương, tả tơi – tơi tả, nhớ nhung – nhung nhớ, …

Question 9:

- bất (no, none): bất biến, bất bình đẳng, bất chính, bất công, bất diệt, …

- bí (secret): bí mật, bí danh, bí ẩn, bí hiểm, bí quyết, bí truyền, …

- đa (many): đa cảm, đa dạng, đa diện, đa giác, đa khoa, đa nghi, đa nghĩa, …

- đề (raise, mention): đề án, đề bạt, đề cao, đề cập, đề cử, đề đạt, đề nghị, đề xuất, …

- gia (add): gia cố, gia công, gia giảm, gia hạn, gia vị, …

- giáo (teach): giáo án, giáo dục, giáo khoa, giáo vụ, giáo viên, giáo sư, …

- hồi (return): hồi hương, hồi phục, hồi sinh, hồi tâm, hồi tỉnh, hồi xuân, …

- khai (open, initiate): khai bút, khai chiến, khai giảng, khai hóa, khai hoang, khai mạc, …

- quảng (wide, broad): quảng cáo, quảng đại, quảng giao, quảng trường, …

- suy (decline): suy đồi, suy nhược, suy tàn, suy thoái, suy vi, …

- thuần (pure): thuần chủng, thuần khiết, thuần nhất, thuần túy, …

- thủ (head, leader): thủ đô, thủ khoa, thủ lĩnh, thủ phủ, thủ trưởng, …

- thuần (genuine, sincere): thuần hậu, thuần phác, …

- thuần (docile, obedient): thuần dưỡng, thuần hóa, thuần phục, …

- thủy (water): thủy chiến, thủy điện, thủy lôi, thủy lợi, thủy lực, thủy sản, thủy tạ, thủy thủ, thủy triều, thủy văn, …

- tư (private): tư hữu, tư lợi, tư nhân, tư thù, tư thục, …

- trữ (store): trữ lượng, dự trữ, lưu trữ, tàng trữ, tích trữ, …

- trường (long): trường ca, trường chinh, trường cửu, trường kì, trường sinh, trường thiên, trường thọ, trường tồn, …

- trọng (important, valued): trọng âm, trọng dụng, trọng đại, trọng điểm, trọng tâm, trọng thương, trọng thưởng, trọng trách, …

- vô (none, absent): vô biên, vô bổ, vô can, vô chủ, vô cùng, vô danh, vô dụng, vô duyên, vô đề, vô địch, vô điều kiện, vô định, vô giá, vô giá trị, vô hại, vô hiệu, vô hình, vô học, vô ích, vô lại, vô lí, …

- xuất (produce, release): xuất bản, xuất chinh, xuất gia, xuất giá, xuất hành, xuất khẩu, xuất ngũ, xuất siêu, đề xuất, trục xuất, …

- yếu (important): yếu điểm, yếu lược, yếu nhân, chính yếu, cốt yếu, cơ yếu, trích yếu, xung yếu, …