Top 6 Best Essays on 'The Edict on Moving the Capital' by Ly Cong Uan for 8th Grade

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Ngày cập nhật gần nhất: 15/4/2026

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1. Essay on 'The Edict on Moving the Capital' - Version 4

2. Lesson Plan for "The Edict on Moving the Capital" No. 5

3. Lesson Plan "Chiếu dời đô" #6

4. Lesson on "The Imperial Edict of Relocation" No. 1

5. Lesson on "The Imperial Edict of Relocation" No. 2

6. Lesson on "The Decree of Relocation of the Capital" Part 3

1. Essay on 'The Edict on Moving the Capital' - Version 4

A. KEY CONCEPTS

1. Author:

Ly Cong Uan (974 - 1028), also known as Ly Thai To.
Hometown: Châu Cổ Pháp, near Bắc Giang (now Đình Sơn Island, Từ Sơn District, Bắc Ninh Province). He was a wise, compassionate man with grand ambitions and numerous military achievements.

2. Genre: Edict

The form of writing used by kings to issue official orders.
It can be written in formal, colloquial, or prose style.
These proclamations were announced and received with great formality.

3. Work

The Edict on Moving the Capital was written in the year of Canh Tuat (1010), as a decision to relocate the capital from the narrow Hoa Lu to the spacious Đại La, which was more favorable for the country’s expansion and defense.
Although it was a royal decree, the Edict on Moving the Capital by Ly Cong Uan carried great persuasive power because it reflected the people's wishes, and was logical and just.
The author used a structured argument, compact symbolism, and a strong, assertive tone to appeal to the public and justify the decision.
The text was translated into Nguyễn Đức Vân's version.

B. EXERCISES AND SOLUTIONS

Question 1: Page 51, Literature 8, Volume 2

At the beginning of the Edict on Moving the Capital, Ly Cong Uan refers to historical records from China about ancient kings who relocated their capitals. What is the purpose of this reference?

Answer:
This section serves as a prelude, providing a foundation for the arguments that follow. The author cites historical records about capital relocations by ancient Chinese emperors.
"In ancient times, the Shang Dynasty moved their capital five times, and the Zhou Dynasty moved their capital three times, not because the kings acted on their whims. They did so to secure the prosperity of the nation, ensuring stability for future generations, balancing divine will with the people's desires. If relocating was beneficial, they did so, leading to long-lasting success and flourishing customs."
The reference serves to prepare the argument for the next sections: that the relocation of the capital is not unusual and has historically led to national prosperity, just as the relocation by the Shang and Zhou dynasties proved beneficial.

Question 2: Page 51, Literature 8, Volume 2
According to Ly Cong Uan, why was the old capital in Hoa Lu, located in the mountainous region, no longer suitable? (Refer to the note (8) to understand why the Đinh and Lê dynasties had to rely on the mountainous region of Hoa Lu for their capitals.)
Answer:
The author argues that Hoa Lu was no longer suitable for the capital: "Continuing to settle the capital here would lead to a short-lived reign, with the people suffering and the land unable to thrive." Hoa Lu had a difficult terrain, suitable for defense when the country was not yet strong enough to expand.
However, by the time of the Ly dynasty, the country needed room to grow, which made the relocation to a different site necessary. Ly Cong Uan expressed his sorrow: "I am deeply pained by this decision."

Question 3: Page 51, Literature 8, Volume 2
What are the advantages of Đại La's geography that made it an ideal choice for the capital? (Consider geographical location, river and mountain formations, and convenience for communication and development.)
Answer:
The location of Đại La was advantageous in many ways. Geographically, the author explains: "It is in the center of heaven and earth, surrounded by the coiling dragon and sitting tiger, with all four directions open and the river and mountains creating a secure foundation." The area is expansive and flat, with high, open land, allowing for fertile crops and avoiding flooding.
This favorable geographical position also supports commerce and communication: "It is truly a key meeting point for all regions of the country."
The new capital would serve as the center for economic, political, and cultural development.

Question 4: Page 51, Literature 8, Volume 2
Prove that the Edict on Moving the Capital is highly persuasive due to its combination of logic and emotion.
(Hints:
- The logical steps Ly Cong Uan uses to justify the necessity of relocating the capital.
- The royal decree contains passages expressing emotions, and certain parts read like a dialogue. What effect do the last two lines, which use a conversational tone, have on the reader?)
Answer:
The argument for relocating the capital follows a logical progression:
First, historical examples from China are used as a foundation, providing support for the argument.
Then, the situation of the Đinh and Lê dynasties is examined, showing that continuing to settle in Hoa Lu no longer serves the country's needs.
Finally, the conclusion is drawn: Đại La is the most suitable site for the new capital.
Although it is a royal command, parts of the Edict express the author's feelings, using a conversational tone in the last two lines. For instance, "I am deeply saddened by this decision." This dialogue-like tone makes the royal decree feel more personal, creating empathy between the king and the people, making the decision more moving and relatable.

Question 5: Page 51, Literature 8, Volume 2
Why is it said that the Edict on Moving the Capital reflects the independence, self-reliance, and growing strength of the Đại Việt people?
Answer:
Hoa Lu, with its mountainous terrain, was strategic for defense when the country was not yet fully developed.
By the time of the Ly dynasty, Ly Cong Uan's decision to move the capital to the plains shows that the Ly dynasty had enough strength to build and expand the nation. This move reassured the people and provided the country with the ability to defend against foreign invaders.

Illustrative Image (Source: Internet)

2. Lesson Plan for "The Edict on Moving the Capital" No. 5

I. ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND THE WORK Before diving into the analysis of the work, it's important to examine the notes in the Vietnamese Literature 8 textbook, Volume 2, page 50, to understand the author and the context in which the work was created. 1. The Author Ly Cong Uan (974 - 1028) was born in the region of Chau Co Phap, Bac Giang Province (now part of Dinh Bang, Tu Son, Bac Ninh). From a young age, he was taken to the Lục Tổ Monastery for education. Known for his intelligence and ambition, he achieved many military successes. Ly Cong Uan was appointed as the head of the royal guard during the reign of King Le Trang Tong (1005), later serving as deputy commander and the chief of the imperial guard under King Le Ngoa Trieu (1005 - 1009). After the death of King Le Long Dinh, the court decided to crown Ly Cong Uan as king, founding the Ly dynasty (1009 - 1225). 2. The Work After ascending the throne, King Ly Thai To made a crucial decision to move the capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La, renaming it Thang Long (Rising Dragon) in 1010. In order to persuade the people and clearly explain his ambitious vision behind this decision, Ly Cong Uan wrote the 'Proclamation to Relocate the Capital,' which was widely distributed among the population. II. GUIDANCE FOR STUDENTS TO STUDY THE WORK 1. Question 1 (Textbook, page 51) a. Study Guidance Read carefully the passage "In ancient times, the Shang Dynasty (...) prosperous customs" and the notes on page 50 of the textbook to understand the content of the passage. You may also refer to knowledge of the Zhou and Shang Dynasties in China to explain why the author referenced these historical facts. The 'Proclamation to Relocate the Capital' is a royal decree issued by King Ly Cong Uan regarding the relocation of the capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La. The author specifically focused on making the work persuasive. To achieve persuasiveness, the writer needs to use factual evidence that is reliable and instills confidence in the reader or listener. At the beginning of the work, Ly Cong Uan refers to historical examples from China, citing multiple relocations of the capital during the Shang Dynasty. Under King Thang and later, as many as five capital relocations occurred, and during the Zhou Dynasty, King Cheng moved the capital three times. Thus, the act of relocating a capital is not an unusual event, but rather a historical trend, reflecting the growth of nations at different times. This historical evidence serves as the basis for Ly Cong Uan's argument for moving the capital and helps the public understand that this change is grounded in historical precedent. 2. Question 2 (Textbook, page 51) a. Study Guidance Read the passage "Yet... if not, it would not be possible to relocate." and refer to note (8) on page 50 of the textbook to understand the context of the Dinh and Le Dynasties' decision to establish Hoa Lu as the capital. Pay attention to the tone of King Ly Cong Uan's argument. b. Suggested Answer According to Ly Cong Uan, the choice of Hoa Lu as the capital by the Dinh and Le Dynasties no longer made sense. In the past, when the state was young, just gaining independence after nearly a millennium of foreign domination, and constantly facing threats from external forces, the Dinh and Le kings had to choose a mountainous, fortified area for the capital. This decision was based on a desire to ensure defense and protect the young state. However, according to Ly Cong Uan, continuing to settle in such a location was impractical. He stated that the kingdom’s survival depended on more than just natural defenses; it was about prosperity and stability for the people. He argued that the previous rulers' disregard for this principle had resulted in shorter reigns and an unstable state. Thus, Ly Cong Uan’s assessment of the situation was sound and justified. He did not only rely on Chinese historical examples but also considered the current conditions of the country and the welfare of the people. A state that is not prosperous or peaceful will undoubtedly cause concern for its leaders. After this analysis and historical reference, the king firmly concluded: 'Relocation is unavoidable.' 3. Question 3 (Textbook, page 51) a. Study Guidance Based on all of Ly Cong Uan’s reasoning, the relocation of the capital was an inevitable necessity. The crucial question then became: where should the new capital be? The answer was not simple, but with foresight and strategic thinking, Ly Cong Uan decided to move the capital to Dai La. At that time, the Ly Dynasty had just been established, and convincing the people to accept a new capital after two dynasties had already chosen Hoa Lu as their base was a difficult task. Therefore, in his proclamation, Ly Cong Uan provided several detailed justifications. First, Dai La had historically been the capital of Cao Vương. Historical records state that when the Tang Dynasty appointed Cao Biền as the governor of Jiaozhou (ancient Vietnam), he selected Dai La as the capital of his administration. As early as the late 9th century, the significance of the region was recognized. Additionally, Dai La’s natural geography was highly advantageous. The area is strategically located, with an ideal combination of rivers and mountains, making it an excellent location for both political and economic activities. This site offered a peaceful and stable environment for its inhabitants, ensuring that they would not fear natural disasters like floods or droughts. In conclusion, Dai La represented a 'perfect landscape,' a political, economic, and cultural hub worthy of being the capital of a thriving nation. These detailed arguments demonstrated Ly Cong Uan's strategic vision for Dai La. His foresight and understanding of geography and human settlement were commendable. Over a thousand years later, Hanoi, the modern-day capital of Vietnam, has become a symbol of peace and prosperity. We can clearly see the brilliance of Ly Cong Uan’s decision to move the capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La, which was a highly effective and significant achievement. 4. Question 4 (Textbook, page 51) 'Proclamation to Relocate the Capital' is primarily a legal and administrative document with a well-structured argument. It begins by citing specific examples from Chinese history, followed by the failures of the Dinh and Le Dynasties in adhering to similar principles. From these examples, Ly Cong Uan makes a firm argument that relocating the capital is entirely logical and necessary. The document then shifts to provide further evidence of the strategic advantages of the new capital in Dai La. The evidence is comprehensive, detailing the geographical and cultural benefits of the region. Ly Cong Uan’s arguments are systematically organized, making the text highly persuasive. Moreover, the persuasive power of the work is enhanced by its emotional appeal. Rather than issuing commands or orders, the language used conveys the author’s deep concern and affection for the nation. The emotional tone adds to the credibility and effectiveness of the proclamation. These combined factors created a highly persuasive argument for the relocation of the capital. The decision to relocate was not just a political move but a long-term plan for the nation's prosperity and stability. 5. Question 5 (Textbook, page 51) The creation of the 'Proclamation to Relocate the Capital' marked a significant milestone in the history of Vietnam, setting the stage for the flourishing of Thang Long. The document conveys the resolve and ambition of the Vietnamese monarchy, reflecting the nation's desire for independence and self-sufficiency. The decision to move the capital to Dai La was not merely about strengthening the power of the ruling dynasty but about building a thriving, independent nation. The relocation also symbolizes the maturity and growth of the state. After nearly a millennium of foreign domination, Vietnam had grown stronger and more self-assured. The decision to relocate the capital was a bold and necessary step for the future of the country. It was a visionary act by Ly Cong Uan, marking the beginning of a new era for the nation.

Illustrative image (Source: internet)

3. Lesson Plan "Chiếu dời đô" #6

I. Brief Overview of the Author Lý Thái Tổ
- Lí Công Uẩn (974-1028), also known as Lí Thái Tổ
- Birthplace: He was from Châu Cổ Pháp, Bắc Giang region (now Đình Bảng village, Từ Sơn district, Bắc Ninh province)
- Life and Career:
+ He was intelligent and ambitious, achieving numerous military victories
+ During the reign of the Lê Dynasty, he held the position of Chief Commander of the Imperial Guard
+ After the death of Lê Ngọa, he was declared king and took the reign name Thuận Thiên.
- Writing Style: His works mainly consist of royal decrees reflecting grand political ideologies that shaped the nation's destiny

II. Brief Overview of the Work "Chiếu dời đô"
1. Context of Creation
- In 1010, Lí Công Uẩn decided to move the capital from Hoa Lư to Đại La, renaming the country Đại Việt to Đại Cồ Việt. He wrote this decree to announce the decision to the people.
2. Structure
- Part 1: From "Xưa nhà Thương" to "không thể không dời đổi": Presents the reasons and rationale for the capital relocation.
- Part 2: "Huống gì" to "muôn đời": Justifies Đại La as the new capital.
- Part 3: The remainder: Announces the decision to move the capital.
3. Content Value
- The decree reflects the aspirations of the people for an independent and unified nation, as well as the resilient spirit of the Đại Việt people during their rise.
4. Artistic Value
- This document is a masterful piece of political rhetoric written in parallelism, with balanced and rhythmic sentence structures.
- The argumentation is tight, logical, and persuasive.
- It uses strong, convincing examples.
- There is a harmonious blend of emotion and reason.

Question 1: This passage serves as a preamble, setting the foundation for the arguments in the later sections. The author refers to historical records of ancient Chinese capital relocations to support the logic of this decision.

– The Shang Dynasty moved their capital five times, and the Zhou Dynasty relocated theirs three times, to solidify their empires and ensure long-term prosperity for future generations. The move was in harmony with both destiny (the natural order) and the people's will.

– The outcome of these relocations led to a stable and prosperous country.

– Lí Thái Tổ uses these historical precedents to justify his own decision to move the capital, showing it is in line with historical practice and beneficial for the nation's future.

Question 2: A critical analysis of the Đinh and Lê Dynasties, which stubbornly kept their capitals in the mountainous region of Hoa Lư. According to the author, refusing to relocate the capital is a mistake, as it does not align with the natural order or the lessons of history. This failure to adapt has led to short-lived reigns, poverty, and stagnation.

In reality, the decision to stay in Hoa Lư reflected the political and military weakness of the Đinh and Lê Dynasties, as they lacked the strength to settle in the more fertile plains. By the time of the Lý Dynasty, however, the country had developed sufficiently to justify the move.

Question 3: The author highlights the favorable conditions of Đại La as the ideal location for the new capital:

– Geographically: It is centrally located with access to all four cardinal directions, surrounded by mountains and rivers. The land is flat and vast, which avoids issues like flooding or overcrowding.

– Politically and culturally: It is a hub for trade and culture, a rich land full of prosperity.

All these factors make Đại La the perfect place to serve as the capital of the nation.

Question 4: "Chiếu dời đô" is a compelling piece of rhetoric because it combines both logic and emotion.

a. The sequence of reasoning for the necessity of the capital relocation:

– Uses historical records as the foundation for the argument.

– Compares past examples to the current situation of the Đinh and Lê Dynasties, illustrating that it is no longer suitable for the nation to remain in Hoa Lư.

– Concludes with the assertion that Đại La is the best location for the capital.

– This structure is a classic example of argumentative writing, with a clear and logical progression.

b. While this is a royal decree, it also expresses the ruler's sentiments and engages the reader in a dialogue. For instance, "I am deeply sorrowful about this, especially the last two lines, which adopt a conversational tone rather than a one-sided command. This makes the language emotionally resonant, creating empathy between the ruler and his subjects, evoking strong feelings among all who read it.

Illustrative image (Source: internet)

4. Lesson on "The Imperial Edict of Relocation" No. 1

* Structure

- Part 1: "In ancient times, the Shang dynasty... never relocated their capital": The historical and practical basis for moving the capital.

- Part 2: "How much more for the city of Dai La... a capital fit for a king": Reasons for choosing Dai La as the capital.

- Part 3: The remaining section: The decision to relocate.

Question 1 (page 51, Vietnamese Literature 8, Volume 2):

The Imperial Edict of Relocation, written by King Ly Cong Uan, refers to Chinese history where ancient kings relocated their capitals:

+ The Shang dynasty moved their capital five times under King Pan Geng.

+ The Zhou dynasty relocated their capital three times.

→ These great dynasties moved their capitals to secure their power, build prosperous empires, and create a long-lasting future for their people.

- The results of these relocations led to stability and prosperity for the nation.

→ Ly Thai To used these examples to justify the inevitability and logical nature of moving the capital.

Question 2 (page 51, Vietnamese Literature 8, Volume 2):

According to Ly Cong Uan, the old capital in Hoa Lu (Ninh Binh) during the Dinh and Le dynasties was no longer suitable for:

+ The Dinh and Le dynasties acting independently, disregarding the mandate of heaven, not following the example of the Shang and Zhou dynasties.

+ Their reigns were short-lived, with the nation weakened, and the people suffering.

+ The decision to keep Hoa Lu as the capital reflected the lack of strength in both dynasties, relying too much on natural fortifications.

→ This shows the far-sighted vision of King Ly Thai To.

Question 3 (page 51, Vietnamese Literature 8, Volume 2):

Ly Cong Uan argued that the location of Dai La had several advantages for being the capital:

+ It had previously been the capital of the Cao Vuong kingdom.

+ The location was ideal: spacious, flat, dry, open, immune to flooding, and rich in natural resources.

+ It offered political and cultural advantages: a place where people from all regions converged, a fertile land full of prosperity.

+ The geographical features were perfect: the center of heaven and earth, a site shaped like a dragon and tiger.

→ Dai La possessed all the qualities of a prime location, suitable for the capital of the nation.

Question 4 (page 51, Vietnamese Literature 8, Volume 2):

The Imperial Edict of Relocation is a persuasive piece of rhetoric, blending reason and emotion effectively.

- The sequence of arguments:

+ Citing historical examples of past dynasties whose capital relocations led to prosperity and stability.

+ Comparing this to the failed attempts of the Dinh and Le dynasties to stay in Hoa Lu.

+ Highlighting the geographical and natural advantages of Dai La.

→ All these reasons lead to the conclusion that relocating the capital was necessary and in accordance with heavenly will.

- Emotional appeal:

+ Moving the capital is in line with the will of heaven, following the example of history.

+ The goal is to ensure the longevity of the dynasty and the well-being of the people.

+ The author expresses empathy for the people under the Dinh and Le dynasties.

+ The respect for the advice of the ministers – "What do you think, gentlemen?".

→ The king's decision was wise and in line with the people's wishes, gaining support from all quarters.

Question 5 (page 51, Vietnamese Literature 8, Volume 2):

The relocation of the capital symbolizes the independence, strength, and growing power of the Dai Viet people, as:

+ Moving from the mountainous region of Ninh Binh to Dai La, a strategic location, demonstrates the strength of the Ly dynasty to defend the nation and resist foreign invaders.

+ Dai La is centrally located, with favorable conditions for economic development and the flourishing of its people.

+ Relocating the capital to the plains reflects the Ly dynasty's strength and courage in facing challenges head-on.

+ The decision also reveals the king's strategic foresight and deep understanding of the nation's future needs.

→ The relocation affirms Dai Viet's independence, self-reliance, and the people's ability to face new challenges.

Exercise

The Imperial Edict of Relocation combines reason and emotion in a logical and coherent structure:

+ Initially, the king cites historical examples of successful capital relocations that led to prosperity, in accordance with heaven's will and the people's support.

+ He contrasts this with the failed attempts of the Dinh and Le dynasties, who ignored the will of heaven and stagnated in Hoa Lu.

+ The king praises the position of Dai La: its geographical advantages, its natural wealth, and its potential for economic growth.

+ King Ly praises Dai La as the ideal capital, a place that attracts people from all directions, perfect for a prosperous and lasting kingdom.

→ The edict is persuasive because of the king's clear vision and use of well-reasoned arguments, coupled with emotional appeal, leading to widespread support.

Illustrative Image (Source: internet)

5. Lesson on "The Imperial Edict of Relocation" No. 2

Answer to Question 1 (Page 51, Textbook Literature 8, Volume 2): - Previous great dynasties moved their capitals to pursue larger ambitions, to establish prosperous reigns, and to ensure long-lasting futures for their successors. The outcomes of these moves provided stability and prosperity for the nation. => Lý Thái Tổ uses historical examples from the Shang and Zhou dynasties as evidence to justify his decision to move the capital, asserting that it was a necessary and reasonable action. Answer to Question 2 (Page 51, Textbook Literature 8, Volume 2): - Critically evaluating the Đinh and Lê dynasties, the author asserts that the choice to stay in Hoa Lư was no longer suitable: "Sticking to this place made the dynasty short-lived, the fate brief, the people suffering, and nature out of sync." Answer to Question 3 (Page 51, Textbook Literature 8, Volume 2): - Đại La was strategically advantageous in several ways, especially geographically. - This geographic advantage would promote trade, communication, and make the capital a central hub for the nation's economic, political, and cultural activities. Answer to Question 4 (Page 51, Textbook Literature 8, Volume 2): - The "Decree on Relocating the Capital" is a persuasive argumentative piece, blending reason and emotion. The structure of the three main sections follows the typical argumentative format, with a clear and logical sequence. - Although it's a royal decree, it includes emotionally charged sections, almost conversational in tone. Notably, the final two sentences offer a dialogue-like quality, rather than a one-way order. This makes the message resonate deeply with the subjects, evoking empathy for the ruler's wisdom and intent. Answer to Question 5 (Page 51, Textbook Literature 8, Volume 2): - Moving the capital from the mountainous Hoa Lư to the expansive plains signifies the Lý dynasty's strength to end the fragmentation of feudal power. It shows that Đại Việt's forces were powerful enough to stand on equal footing with the northern invaders. Practice: - Prove that the "Decree on Relocating the Capital" is well-structured and logically convincing. - Answer: The decree is divided into two main parts, with each argument laid out clearly and persuasively. The language, though succinct, conveys profound meaning. The opening of the decree addresses the significant purpose of relocating the capital: to be "in the center" for strategic planning, to "secure the future for generations to come," and to align with heaven's will and the people's needs. The act of relocating is thus not only a political necessity but also a move toward strengthening the nation, ensuring peace and prosperity for the future. The king also provides historical precedents to reinforce his decision, thus solidifying his argument.

Illustration (Source: Internet)

6. Lesson on "The Decree of Relocation of the Capital" Part 3

I. Author and Work

1. Author: (Students can refer to the introduction about Lí Công Uẩn in the Literature textbook for grade 8, volume 2).

2. The Work

* Origin: In the year of the Canh Tuất, during the first year of the reign of Thuận Thiên (1010), Lí Công Uẩn wrote a proclamation expressing his intent to move the capital from Hoa Lư (now in Ninh Bình province) to Đại La (present-day Hanoi). The text, known as the 'Proclamation of Relocation,' was translated by Nguyễn Đức Vân.

* Genre: The Proclamation of Relocation was written in the style of a royal edict. Edicts are official declarations made by the ruler, often delivered with authority and public reception. They can be written in verse, balanced prose, or straightforward language, and some edicts convey significant political thoughts that influence the destiny of dynasties and nations.

Although this edict served to announce a royal command, Lí Công Uẩn's Proclamation of Relocation is compelling because it aligns with the will of Heaven and the people. The author used a tight argumentation system, sharp reasoning, and a powerful tone to convince the populace to accept his decision to relocate the capital.

II. Guide to Studying the Text

Question 1:

At the beginning of the Proclamation, Lí Công Uẩn cites historical records from China, where past emperors had moved their capitals. This reference is meant to establish that relocating a capital is not a new idea. Furthermore, these Chinese dynasties successfully relocated their capitals in alignment with the will of Heaven and the people. Lí Công Uẩn emphasizes that the results of these historical relocations were significant, shaping the prosperity of future generations. This historical reference provides the foundation for Lí Công Uẩn's argument later in the text.

Question 2:

* Lí Công Uẩn argued that the old capital in the mountainous Hoa Lư (Ninh Bình), which had been the capital under the Đinh and Lê dynasties, was no longer suitable because these two dynasties acted according to their own desires, disregarded the will of Heaven, and ignored the patterns set by past dynasties such as the Shang and Zhou. This led to the downfall of their dynasties and the suffering of the people.

However, in reality, the Đinh and Lê dynasties, due to their limited power, chose the remote mountainous region of Ninh Bình as their capital to defend against external threats from the north.

Question 3:

Lí Công Uẩn lists several advantages of Đại La as the new capital:

It was the ancient capital of Cao Vương.
Located in the center of the world, with a dragon-shaped terrain, the location is highly favorable in feng shui.
The area is spacious, flat, dry, and well-ventilated, ensuring there would be no flooding, and the land is fertile and abundant.
Thus, Đại La would become a central hub for the nation’s economy, politics, and culture.

Question 4:

Prove that the Proclamation of Relocation is convincing because it combines reason and emotion.

* Reason:

The author uses historical evidence to argue that the relocation is logical and aligns with the will of Heaven.
Strong arguments are presented to demonstrate the favorable location of Đại La.

* Emotion:

Statements like “I deeply regret this matter” or the closing sentence, “I wish to settle here. What do you think?” are not imperial commands but rhetorical questions, creating a dialogue and a sense of closeness between the king and his people. This reinforces the democratic spirit and enhances the persuasive power of the proclamation.

Question 5:

The Proclamation of Relocation reflects the independence, self-reliance, and growing strength of the Đại Việt nation. By deciding to move the capital from Hoa Lư to Đại La, the Lí dynasty demonstrated its ability to end feudal strife and assert the strength of Đại Việt in comparison to neighboring northern powers. Moreover, relocating the capital to Đại La also fulfilled the people's desire to unite the country and build an independent, self-sustaining nation.

Illustration (Source: Internet)

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