Top 6 Best Lesson Plans for 'Phong Nha Cave' by Tran Hoang for Grade 6

I. General Overview of the Phong Nha Cave

1. Concept

Practical texts are types of writing that discuss, explain, narrate, or describe issues and phenomena closely related to human life and society. These texts are not a literary genre or a specific text type but are defined by their function, subject matter, and relevance to current events.

2. Summary of the Phong Nha Cave

"The First Wonder Phong Nha" is part of a limestone cave system in the Ke Bang mountain range in western Quang Binh. You can reach Phong Nha by boat or by road. The cave consists of two sections: a dry cave and a water cave. The dry cave, at an elevation of 200m, was once an underground river that has now dried up, leaving only the white stone arches and stalactites. In contrast, the water cave still has a flowing river that runs day and night. The main Phong Nha cave features fourteen chambers, and visitors are often awestruck by its enchanting beauty. This site has become an exciting destination for tourists and explorers alike.

II. Guide to Writing the Phong Nha Cave Lesson Plan

1. Question 1, page 148 of Grade 6 Literature Book

By reading the Phong Nha Cave text, we can imagine the magical beauty of the cave, considered "The First Wonder". From the text, we learn about the dry cave with its white stone arches, stalactites, and countless jade-colored columns.

Under the shimmering light of torches, the stalactites take on various shapes and colors, including forms of animals like chickens and toads, columns that stand like bamboo shoots on the water's surface, and shapes resembling lotus flowers, bells, and even sages playing chess. Nature’s creative artistry not only shapes these stalactites beautifully but also gives them an otherworldly glow, with diamond-like colors that no words can fully describe. Vines of green orchids hang down from the cave walls...

2. Question 2, page 148 of Grade 6 Literature Book

Structure of the essay

The essay can be divided into three parts:

Part 1: From the beginning... “the scattered villages, maize fields, and sugarcane groves”
Content of Part 1: The geographical location and entrance to Phong Nha Cave

Part 2: Continuing... “the sound of the temple bell”
Content of Part 2: Describing the beauty inside the cave

Part 3: The remainder
Content of Part 3: Affirming the value of Phong Nha Cave and its potential for tourism and scientific exploration

3. Question 3, page 148 of Grade 6 Literature Book

The cave’s landscape is described in a sequential order:

From distant to close, from general to specific, and vice versa
The beauty of both the dry and water caves is depicted through various details

- The beauty of the dry cave is shown through these details:

Height of the cave: 200m
Origin: Once an underground river now drained
The dry cave features white arches, stalactites, and numerous jade-colored columns.

- The beauty of the water cave is illustrated through these details:

The water cave still contains a long river that flows day and night… The river is deep and the water is crystal clear. The main cave consists of fourteen chambers, and the deeper you go, the darker it gets.
Under the flickering light of torches, the stalactites appear in various shapes and colors. Some resemble chickens or toads, others stand like bamboo shoots rising from the water’s surface... There are also formations like lotus flowers, bells, or figures of sages playing chess. The skillful hand of nature not only creates beautiful shapes but also imbues them with an enchanting color, like diamonds, which no pen can adequately capture. Vines of orchids cascade from the cave’s walls...

4. Question 4, page 148 of Grade 6 Literature Book

a) According to the leader of the British Geographical Society’s expedition, Phong Nha is considered the longest and most beautiful cave in the world, with seven "bests":

The longest cave;
The widest and tallest entrance;
The most beautiful sandy and rocky shores;
The most stunning underground lakes;
The most beautiful dry cave;
The most magnificent and magical stalactites;
The longest underground river.

b) Thoughts on the leader's evaluation of Phong Nha Cave:

It makes us feel proud of Vietnam's natural beauty. Along with this pride comes the reminder of the importance of preserving our country’s landmarks and historical sites, specifically Phong Nha Cave. It is also a call for sustainable tourism development that maintains the natural beauty without damaging it.

5. Question 5, page 148 of Grade 6 Literature Book

Phong Nha Cave opens up many opportunities:

First: It offers great potential for tourism promotion and economic development through tourism.
Second: It opens up opportunities for exploration, research, and scientific study.

III. Practice

After studying the work, if I were to guide tourists visiting Phong Nha Cave, I would introduce them to the following highlights:

Phong Nha Cave is considered the First Wonder. According to the leader of the British Geographical Society’s expedition, "Phong Nha is the longest and most beautiful cave in the world".
The cave retains its pristine, mysterious beauty.
I would explain how to enter the cave by boat, introduce each chamber, and share the legends associated with the cave, as well as its uniqueness compared to other caves in Vietnam and Southeast Asia.

I. ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE TO MASTER

1. Appreciate the grandeur, mystical beauty, and the economic-tourism potential of Phong Nha Cave; from there, develop a positive attitude toward investing in, protecting, and preserving the natural beauty of the landscape.

2. The art of combining narration and description to captivate the reader in a practical text.

II. READING COMPREHENSION GUIDELINES

Question 1: Read the text with a focus on the narrative and descriptive tones, especially emphasizing the details that describe the cave’s mystical beauty.

Question 2: The text can be divided into three sections:

- Section 1 (From the beginning to "the villages and cornfields, sugarcane fields scattered around."): Introduction to the geographical location and the entrance to Phong Nha Cave;

- Section 2 (From "Phong Nha consists of two main parts" to "the bell ringing at the temple’s site, Buddha’s land."): Describes the scenes inside the cave;

- Section 3 (From "With a unique beauty" to the end): Highlights Phong Nha's values and its potential for tourism, exploration, and scientific research.

The text could also be divided into two sections:

- Section 1 (From the beginning to the bell ringing at the temple site): The geographical location and entrance to the cave;

- Section 2 (From "With a unique beauty" to the end): Emphasizing Phong Nha's values and its tourism, exploration, and scientific research potential.

Question 3: The cave’s scenery is described step by step: from afar to near, from general to specific, and then back to general: from the geographical location to the two routes leading to the cave (by river and by road) converging at the Son River port; the cave’s structure (two parts: dry cave and water cave), the main cave with 14 chambers, underground rivers, followed by a general description of the cave’s beauty: a world unlike any other – a realm of immortals.

a) The beauty of the dry cave is described with details such as:

- Height (200 meters);

- Origin (once an underground river);

- Current state (white stone arches and numerous jade green stalactites). The use of adjectives like "sparkling jade green" highlights the cave's enchanting beauty.

b) The water cave's beauty is described with details like:

- Current state (an underground river flowing day and night beneath the limestone mountains, connecting Ke Bang to the primeval forest; deep and crystal-clear water). The main cave is described in detail:

+ It contains 14 chambers, interconnected;

+ The first chamber is 10 meters above water, while from the fourth chamber, the ceiling rises 25-40 meters;

Different shaped stones:

+ A rock shaped like a chicken;

+ A rock shaped like a frog;

+ A rock formation like a vertical bamboo stack;

+ A rock that looks like a bunch of blackberries;

+ A rock shaped like a gong;

+ Rocks resembling immortal beings playing chess...

Creating an ethereal, shimmering beauty like diamonds in the cave.

- The cave’s scenery is further enhanced by vibrant orchids, spacious areas with sandbanks and stone fields, and narrow passageways.

- The cave’s beauty is both primitive and mysterious, yet graceful and poetic, thanks to the harmonious sounds resembling a musical instrument or the temple bell ringing in Buddha's land.

- The vocabulary used in the passage is rich with imagery and evokes emotion:

+ Descriptive adjectives (grand, mystical, primitive, mysterious, graceful, and poetic);

+ Noun and adjective phrases (ethereal colors, glittering like diamonds, a world unlike any other, a world of immortals).

Question 4: a) According to the statement by the head of the British Royal Geographical Society's expedition team:

Phong Nha Cave is the longest and most beautiful cave in the world, holding seven "world records":

- The longest cave;

- The widest and tallest cave entrance;

- The most expansive and beautiful sandbanks and stone fields;

- The most stunning underground lakes;

- The most spacious and beautiful dry cave;

- The most magnificent and mystical stalactites;

- The longest underground river.

b) This evaluation not only encourages but also reminds us of our responsibility to preserve, invest in, and explore Phong Nha’s potential in a sustainable and effective way.

Question 5: Phong Nha Cave has opened up promising prospects for economic tourism, exploration, and scientific research. To fully realize its value, everyone needs to adopt a positive attitude toward investing in, protecting, and preserving the natural beauty of this landscape.

III. PRACTICE GUIDELINES

After reading the text, if given the chance to guide tourists through Phong Nha Cave, you can refer to section II.3 above to introduce this magnificent wonder of the world.

I. About the Genre

The text about Phong Nha Cave belongs to the genre of practical writing, which combines literary style with contemporary issues. It addresses the importance of environmental conservation, the protection of scenic spots, and the development of tourism.

II. Summary

Phong Nha Cave is located within the limestone Karst mountains of Ke Bang in the western part of Quang Tri province. The cave consists of two main sections: the dry cave and the water cave. The dry cave was once an underground river that has since dried up, leaving behind white stone arches, stalactites, and numerous sparkling jade-colored columns. The water cave is an underground river, and the main cave complex features 14 interconnected chambers. Phong Nha is a stunning natural site, an exciting destination for exploration and scientific research.

III. Lesson Plan Guidance

Question 1:

Carefully read the footnotes and imagine the mystical beauty of Phong Nha Cave, considered the “First Wonder of Nature.”

Question 2:

The Phong Nha text can be divided in two ways:

* Into 2 sections:

Section 1: From the beginning to “the sound of bells at the temple, the land of the Buddha”: Introduction to the geographical location and entrance to Phong Nha Cave.
Section 2: The rest: Affirming the value of Phong Nha Cave, its appeal to tourists, and the need for investment to develop it as a major destination for tourism, exploration, and scientific research.
* Into 3 sections:

Section 1: From the beginning to “villages, cornfields, scattered sugarcane fields”: Introduction to the geographical location and entrance to Phong Nha Cave.
Section 2: From “the sound of bells at the temple, the land of the Buddha” to: Introduction to the scenery inside Phong Nha Cave.
Section 3: The rest: Emphasizing the value of Phong Nha Cave and its potential for tourism, exploration, and research.

Question 3:

* The scenery of Phong Nha Cave is described spatially, from afar to close, from general to specific, and from outside to inside:

Introduction to the location of the Phong Nha cave system
The two access routes, by water and land, converge at the Son River ferry
The two main sections of the cave: the dry cave and the water cave
The main cave, with 14 chambers connected by a main corridor and multiple side corridors
Deeper sections contain underground rivers flowing through limestone mountains and ancient rainforests
Detailed description of the stunning and magical beauty of Phong Nha Cave

* The beauty of the dry and water caves is described through these details:

Beauty of the dry cave:

Height: 200 meters
Origin: once an underground river
White stone arches and numerous sparkling jade-colored columns
Beauty of the water cave:

An underground river flowing day and night beneath the limestone mountains, linking Ke Bang with the rainforest
Characteristics: deep river and clear water
Phong Nha Cave is a rare, spectacular, and magical sight. Stalagmites take on various forms (a chicken, a frog, bamboo shoots, a lotus, a gong, wise men playing chess) and radiate a dazzling, diamond-like brilliance that no words can fully describe. Additionally, the acoustics in the cave are unique: the sounds of water echo, and every voice inside the cave has its own distinct resonance, reminiscent of a musical instrument or temple bell. There are also lush orchids hanging from the cave walls, enhancing the mystical atmosphere. Visitors feel as though they have stepped into a fairy-tale world—simultaneously mysterious, serene, and poetic. It truly deserves the title “Vietnam’s First Wonder.”

Question 4:

a) Explorers have rated Phong Nha Cave as the longest and most beautiful cave in the world, with seven “firsts”:

Longest cave
Highest and widest cave entrance
Most beautiful and expansive sand and stone beaches
Most beautiful underground lakes
Largest and most beautiful dry cave
Most magnificent and magical stalactites
Longest underground river

b) This evaluation encourages and reminds us of the importance of conservation and effective investment in preserving and harnessing the cave’s potential.

Question 5:

Phong Nha Cave has become a popular tourist, exploration, and scientific research destination, attracting experts and adventurers from around the world. To fully harness its remarkable value, everyone must adopt a proactive attitude toward investing in, preserving, and protecting its natural beauty.

I. Overview of the work: Phong Nha Cave

1. Background

"Phong Nha Cave" by author Tran Hoang is excerpted from "The Handbook of Tourist Landmarks in the Central Central Region"

2. Structure (3 sections)

- Section 1 (from the beginning to "the scattered villages, corn fields, and sugarcane patches"): Introduces the geographical location and the entrance to Phong Nha Cave.

- Section 2 (from there to the sound of the bell at the temple): Describes the scenery inside Phong Nha Cave.

- Section 3 (remaining part): The value of Phong Nha Cave in terms of tourism, exploration, and research.

3. Content Value

Phong Nha Cave, located in the western part of Quang Binh Province, is considered the first wonder of the region ("The First Wonder"). Phong Nha Cave has been and continues to attract visitors from both within the country and abroad. We take pride in having Phong Nha Cave along with other scenic spots in our country.

4. Artistic Value

- Uses vivid, descriptive language

- Provides specific, scientific data

- Describes the journey from a distant to close view, following a spatial and temporal sequence in the tourist experience.

II. Answering the questions

Question 1 (page 148, Grade 6, Literature Textbook, Volume 2)

Read the text

Question 2 (page 148, Grade 6, Literature Textbook, Volume 2): The text is divided into 3 sections:

- Section 1 (From the beginning to "scattered villages, corn fields, and sugarcane patches"): Introduces the geographical location and the entrance to Phong Nha Cave.

- Section 2 (From "Phong Nha includes two parts" to "the bell sound at the temple"): Describes the scenery inside Phong Nha Cave.

- Section 3 (remaining part): The value of Phong Nha Cave in tourism, exploration, and research.

Question 3 (page 148, Grade 6, Literature Textbook, Volume 2):

The scenery inside Phong Nha Cave is described in a sequence from close to far, from general to specific, and from specific to general:

+ From the position to where the two roads to the cave meet at the Son River ferry.

+ Introduces the structure of the cave.

a. The beauty of the Dry Cave is described using vivid details:

+ Height: 200 meters

+ Origin: used to be an underground river.

+ Currently: white stone arches and countless green jade columns gleaming with light.

+ Descriptive words: emerald green, dazzling beauty, magical, diamond-like sparkle…

→ The unique, magical beauty of Phong Nha Cave.

b. The beauty of the Water Cave is described with the following details:

+ There is an underground river flowing day and night beneath the limestone mountains, connecting Ke Bang with the primeval forest.

+ A detailed description of the structure of the Water Cave: 14 interconnected chambers, with the outermost chamber 10 meters above the water level, and chambers 4 to 7 standing 25-40 meters high.

- The stone formations have various shapes and colors:

+ There are shapes like a chicken, a toad, bamboo shoots, a basket of sticky rice, a bell, and an immortal…

- The beauty of the cave is further enhanced by the bright green orchids.

- The cave's charm: pristine, mysterious, graceful, and poetic.

- The use of descriptive and evocative language:

+ Adjectives describing beauty: magnificent, magical, pristine, mysterious, graceful, poetic.

+ Adjective-noun clusters: enchanting colors, sparkling like diamonds, a different world, a world of fairyland.

Question 4 (page 148, Grade 6, Literature Textbook, Volume 2)

a. According to the statement of the Royal Geographical Society explorer:

Phong Nha Cave is the longest and most beautiful cave in the world, with seven "bests":

+ Longest cave.

+ The most beautiful sand and rock beaches.

+ Has the most beautiful underground lakes.

+ The most beautiful dry cave.

+ The most magnificent and magical stalactites.

+ The longest underground river.

b. The assessment is accurate regarding the beauty of Phong Nha Cave, and it reminds us of the responsibility to preserve, invest in, restore, and exploit its potential effectively and appropriately.

Question 5 (page 148, Grade 6, Literature Textbook, Volume 2)

- Phong Nha Cave opens up prospects for economic development in tourism, exploration, and scientific research.

- To develop the value of the cave, a positive attitude towards investment, protection, and maintaining the natural beauty of the landscape is essential.

III. EXERCISE

Question (page 149, Grade 6, Literature Textbook, Volume 2): Imagine you are a tour guide taking tourists to visit Phong Nha Cave. When introducing this "First Wonder," you should pay attention to:

- What will you introduce? (General characteristics of the entire complex, methods and means of transportation for the tour, ...)

- What order will you follow in your introduction? (Introduce the overall view of the trip so visitors can explore on their own or introduce each destination if traveling with a group of tourists).

- How will you prepare the language? (Mode of address, the terms used when explaining...)

Answer to question 1 (page 148, Literature 6, Volume 2):

Read the text

Detailed solution:

The magical beauty of Phong Nha Cave:

- A masterpiece of nature that astonishes us: the arches of marble stalactites and countless pillars of jade green stones shimmering with light.

- The murmuring sound of the underground river flowing day and night 200 meters below, like a gentle, inviting call, luring visitors into the Water Cave.

- Under the flickering lights, the stalactite formations take on various shapes and colors. Some resemble chickens, toads, bamboo shoots standing upright in the water... Others are shaped like mounds of sticky rice, gongs, or scenes of ancient men playing chess... The skilled hands of nature have crafted these formations not only with striking details but also with mesmerizing colors, gleaming like diamonds—too brilliant for any pen to fully capture. Hanging down from the cave’s walls are lush, green orchid branches...

Answer to question 2 (page 148, Literature 6, Volume 2):

Read carefully the essay on Phong Nha Cave and determine how it can be divided into sections. If divided into two sections, what is the content and structure of each? If divided into three sections, what is the content and structure of each?

Detailed solution:

* Method 1: Divide into two sections:

- Section 1: From the beginning to "the place of the temple and Buddha’s land": Introduction to Phong Nha Cave.

- Section 2: The rest: Identifying the value of Phong Nha Cave, the attraction it holds for visitors, and the investment required to transform it into a complete destination for tourism, exploration, and scientific research.

* Method 2: Divide into three sections:

- Section 1: From the beginning to "scattered fields of sugarcane": Introduction to the geographical location and the two access routes (land and water) to Phong Nha Cave.

- Section 2: From "Phong Nha includes two parts" to "the place of the temple and Buddha’s land": The scenic description of Phong Nha Cave.

- Section 3: The rest: Identifying the value of Phong Nha Cave, its appeal to visitors, and the investment necessary for it to become a comprehensive tourist, exploration, and scientific research hub.

Answer to question 3 (page 148, Literature 6, Volume 2):

In what sequence does the author describe the scenery of Phong Nha Cave? What details describe the beauty of the Dry Cave and the Water Cave?

Detailed solution:

The author's description follows a spatial order, from the general to the specific, and from the outer areas to the inner:

- Introduction to the location of the Phong Nha Cave complex.

- The two main sections of the cave: the Dry Cave and the Water Cave.

- The main cave with 14 chambers linked together by a central passage and several side passages.

- Further inside, there are submerged rivers beneath the limestone mountains and the primeval forest.

- A detailed description of the enchanting and mystical beauty of Phong Nha Cave.

a, The beauty of the Dry Cave:

- Height: 200m

- Origin: Originally an underground river.

- Current appearance: white marble arches and numerous jade green shimmering stone columns.

- Descriptive words: jade green, shimmering, enchanting, with colors sparkling like diamonds...

=> The unique and magical beauty of Phong Nha Cave.

b, The beauty of the Water Cave:

- There is an underground river that flows continuously day and night beneath the limestone mountain, linking with the Ke Bang forest.

- A detailed description of the Water Cave: 14 connected chambers, with the outermost chambers 10 meters above the water surface, and from the fourth chamber, the cave height ranges from 25 to 40 meters.

- The stalactite formations come in various shapes and colors: Some resemble chickens, toads, bamboo shoots, sticky rice, gongs, and ancient sages...

- The cave’s scenery is further enhanced by green orchid branches.

=> The beauty of the cave: pristine, mysterious, serene, and poetic.

Answer to question 4 (page 148, Literature 6, Volume 2):

Read the statement by the head of the Royal Geographical Society's expedition and answer the following questions:

a) How does the explorer assess Phong Nha Cave?

b) What are your thoughts on this assessment?

Detailed solution:

a) According to the statement by the Royal Geographical Society’s explorer:

Phong Nha Cave is the longest and most beautiful cave in the world, comprising seven "best" features:

+ The longest cave.

+ The most beautiful wide and vast sandy beaches.

+ The most beautiful underground lakes.

+ The most beautiful and wide dry caves.

+ The most magnificent and mystical stalactites.

+ The longest underground river.

b) The assessment is accurate, highlighting the extraordinary beauty of Phong Nha Cave. It reminds us of our responsibility to preserve, invest in, and carefully develop this natural wonder to its full potential.

Answer to question 5 (page 148, Literature 6, Volume 2):

What prospects does Phong Nha Cave open up?

Detailed solution:

- Phong Nha Cave is becoming a prominent destination for tourism, exploration, and scientific research, attracting the interest of scientists, explorers, and tourists both domestically and internationally.

- Phong Nha has a promising future in various areas: science, economy, and culture.

- To fully develop its value, it is essential to adopt a proactive approach to investment, protection, and conservation of its natural beauty.

EXERCISE

After reading the essay, if you were a tour guide for visitors to Phong Nha Cave, how would you introduce this "first wonder"?

Detailed solution:

- You would begin by introducing the general characteristics of the cave complex, the methods and modes of transport for the tour, the specific features of each section of the cave, and the perspectives of both scientists and tourists (both domestic and foreign).

- The order of the introduction should start with a general overview before allowing visitors to explore on their own, or guiding them through specific locations if you are part of the tour group.

- Prepare your language: be precise, with proper forms of address, and appropriate terminology for guiding the tour...

Main content:

Phong Nha Cave is considered the first wonder, recognized by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage. This fills us with pride and love for our beautiful Vietnam.

A. KNOWLEDGE IN THE HEART

Phong Nha Cave, like the work "Long Bien Bridge - A Historical Witness", is considered a "practical text".

A practical text addresses elements that are close and urgent to everyday life, such as nature, environment, population, health, children's rights, the threat of drugs, etc.

The first wonder of Phong Nha: Phong Nha is located within the limestone mountain range of the Kẻ Bàng massif, often referred to as Phong Nha – Kẻ Bàng, in Sơn Trạch, Bố Trạch District, Quảng Bình Province, and is recognized as the "first wonder".

Summary of the work:

Phong Nha Cave is part of a cave system in the Kẻ Bàng limestone mountain range in western Quảng Trị. The cave consists of two sections: the dry cave and the water cave. The dry cave was once a river, now dried up, leaving behind white stalactite formations and countless sparkling jade-colored stone pillars. The water cave is an underground river. The main cave has up to fourteen chambers. Phong Nha Cave is a beautiful scene, a tourist destination, and a fascinating place for exploration and scientific research.

B. EXERCISES AND SOLUTIONS

Question 1: page 148, 6th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 2

Read carefully the essay and the footnotes, and then try to imagine the magical beauty of Phong Nha Cave, considered the "first wonder".

Answer:
To be called the "first wonder", Phong Nha Cave must possess a unique and distinctive beauty, with descriptive words and images embedded in the essay. Its pristine, magical, and mysterious beauty is highlighted through details like stalactites, stalagmites, diamonds... discovered by explorers.

Question 2: page 148, 6th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 2
Read carefully the essay "Phong Nha Cave" and determine how the essay can be divided into sections. If there are two sections, how should they be divided and what are their specific contents? If there are three sections, what are the divisions and contents?

Answer:
The essay can be divided into three sections:
Section 1: From the beginning to "the villages, cornfields, sugarcane fields scattered around". => Geographic location and introduction to the entrance of Phong Nha Cave;
Section 2: From "Phong Nha consists of two parts" to "the sound of bells in the temple, the land of Buddhas". => Description of the scenery inside Phong Nha Cave.
Section 3: From "With a distinctive beauty" to the end. => Affirming the values of Phong Nha Cave and its potential for tourism, exploration, and scientific research.
The essay could also be divided into two sections:
Section 1: From the beginning to "the sound of bells in the temple, the land of Buddhas". => Geographic location and introduction to the entrance of Phong Nha Cave;
Section 2: From "With a distinctive beauty" to the end. => Affirming the values of Phong Nha Cave and its potential for tourism, exploration, and scientific research.

Question 3: page 148, 6th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 2
How is the scenery of Phong Nha Cave described in the essay? What details describe the beauty of the Dry Cave and Water Cave?

Answer:
The scenery of Phong Nha Cave is described in a sequence from distant to near, from general to specific, and then back to general.
The beauty of the Dry Cave is described through details like:
Height (200 meters)
Origin (once an underground river)
Currently, the Dry Cave has white stalactites and numerous sparkling jade-colored stone columns.
The beauty of the Water Cave is described through details like:
Presently (there is an underground river flowing day and night beneath the limestone mountains connecting Kẻ Bàng and the primeval forest, with the characteristics of being deep and crystal clear). The main cave is meticulously described:
There are 14 chambers, connected to each other.
The outer chamber is 10 meters above the water's surface, and from the fourth chamber, the height is 25-40 meters.
The rocks are of many shapes and colors: a chicken, a frog, a bamboo shoot standing upright, a honeycomb, a bell, and figures of immortals playing chess. All these form the enchanted beauty of the cave, shimmering like diamonds.
The cave scenery is further adorned by green orchid branches, and the space is expanded with sand and stone beaches and narrow passages.
The cave's beauty is both wild and mysterious, yet graceful and poetic due to the harmonious sound like "the music of the zither, the bells in the temple, the land of Buddhas".
Words in the passage are vivid and evocative:
Adjectives: magnificent, magical, wild, mysterious, graceful, and poetic.
Adjective-noun phrases: enchanted colors, shimmering like diamonds, a strange world, a fairyland.

Question 4: page 148, 6th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 2
Read again the statement from the leader of the Royal Geographical Society expedition and answer the following questions:
a) How does the explorer evaluate Phong Nha Cave?
b) What are your thoughts on the evaluation?

Answer:
According to the statement from the leader of the Royal Geographical Society expedition:
a) The explorer's evaluation:
Phong Nha Cave is the longest and most beautiful cave in the world, with seven "bests":
The longest cave;
The highest and widest cave entrance;
The most beautiful and spacious sand and stone beaches;
The most beautiful underground lakes;
The widest and most beautiful dry caves;
The most magnificent and magical stalactites;
The longest underground river.
b) This evaluation is both encouraging and reminds us to take responsibility for preserving, investing in, and utilizing the potential of Phong Nha Cave in an effective and reasonable manner.

Question 5: page 148, 6th-grade Literature textbook, Volume 2
What prospects does Phong Nha Cave offer?
(Especially regarding tourism economy)

Answer:
Phong Nha Cave is becoming a popular destination for tourism, exploration, and scientific research, attracting the attention of many scientists, explorers, and tourists both domestically and internationally.
Phong Nha has a promising future in many fields: science, economy, and culture.

EXERCISES
After reading the essay, suppose you were a tour guide for Phong Nha Cave, how would you introduce this "first wonder"?

Answer:
Based on the following questions:
What will you choose to introduce? (overview of the entire cave system, methods and transportation for the tour, etc.)
How will you organize the introduction? (introduce the overall tour to allow guests to explore on their own, or introduce each site if you are guiding a group of tourists).
How will you prepare the language? (addressing terms, words to use in the presentation…).
Guide:
General Introduction:
Location of Phong Nha Cave.
Access routes to the cave.
Introduction to the cave's beauty:
Structure:
Includes the Water Cave and the Dry Cave.
Dry Cave: 200 meters high, was once an underground river, now dried up.
Water Cave: deep and clear water, ...
Cave's beauty:
A magnificent and magical beauty with stalactites.
Diverse and rich: thousand-meter long corridors, wild and mysterious landscapes.
Phong Nha – Kẻ Bàng tourism area future prospects: investments and expansion.

Reference and Expansion Section
Question 1: The value of content and art in "Phong Nha Cave"
Answer:
1. Content value
The essay describes the grand beauty of Phong Nha Cave, truly deserving the title "first wonder". Phong Nha Cave has attracted many visitors from both inside and outside the country. We are proud of Phong Nha and other scenic spots in our country.
2. Artistic value
The location sequence, from general to specific details, is like a knowledgeable tour guide presenting the scenery. The language is clear and vivid, creating the impression that the reader is gradually seeing the real scene before their eyes.
The descriptive approach is both vivid and emotional, with scientific precision.