Top 6 Best Lesson Plans for 'Practicing Argumentation Methods in Argumentative Writing' for 7th Grade

A. KEY KNOWLEDGE

I. Argumentation in Daily Life

Argumentation is the process of presenting reasons and evidence (arguments) to persuade the listener (reader) to accept a particular viewpoint or belief of the speaker (writer). The viewpoint or belief that needs to be accepted is the conclusion.

II. Argumentation in Argumentative Writing

In argumentative writing, the points made are general conclusions that hold universal significance for society. Examples include:
a. Fighting against illiteracy

b. The people of our country have a deep love for their nation

c. The importance of cultivating good habits in social life

d. Books are our greatest companions

e. Basic education is the foundation for becoming a great person

B. EXERCISES AND SOLUTIONS

Question 1: Page 32, 7th-grade Literature Textbook, Volume 2

Read the following examples and answer the question:

a. It's raining today, we won't go to the park anymore.

b. I love reading books because through them I learn many things.

c. It's so hot, let's go get ice cream.

Which part of these sentences is the argument, and which part is the conclusion, expressing the speaker's intention or opinion? How does the argument relate to the conclusion? Can the positions of the argument and conclusion be swapped?

Answer:
Argumentation is the process of presenting arguments to guide the listener or reader to a conclusion or to accept a conclusion that represents the speaker's or writer's viewpoint.
Based on this definition, we can identify the following parts as arguments: 'It's raining today,' 'Because through books I learn many things,' 'It's so hot.'
The parts that express the speaker's intention or opinion (the conclusion) are: 'We won't go to the park anymore,' 'I love reading books,' 'Let's go get ice cream.'

Question 2: Page 33, 7th-grade Literature Textbook, Volume 2
Complete the arguments for the following conclusions:
a. I really love my school
b. Lying is harmful
c. ... let's take a break and listen to some music
d. ... children should listen to their parents
e. ... I really enjoy sightseeing
Answer:
a. I really love my school (because it's beautiful / because I learn many useful things there...)
b. Lying is harmful (because it breaks trust / because it makes others dislike you...)
c. (I'm too tired / I've finished my homework ...) Let's take a break and listen to some music.
d. (Fish spoil if they don't eat salt, children spoil if they don't listen to their parents, so) children should listen to their parents.
e. (Sightseeing helps you learn many new things, so) I really enjoy sightseeing.

Question 3: Page 33, 7th-grade Literature Textbook, Volume 2
Write conclusions for the following arguments that express the speaker's thoughts or opinions:
a. It's so boring to stay at home all the time...
b. Tomorrow is the exam, and I still have so much to study...
c. Some people speak so harshly...
d. You all are grown up now, be a good example for the younger ones...
e. This guy really loves football...
Answer:
a. It's so boring to stay at home all the time (I need to go outside / I need to take a walk...).
b. Tomorrow is the exam, and I still have so much to study (I have to study now, looks like I'll fail the exam...).
c. Some people speak so harshly (it makes others uncomfortable, it creates a bad impression...).
d. You all are grown up now, be a good example for the younger ones (so you must set an example for them / so you need to help them...).
e. This guy really loves football (he refuses to play any other sport / he spends the whole day playing football...).

Question 4: Page 33, 7th-grade Literature Textbook, Volume 2
Points in argumentative writing are general conclusions with universal significance for society. Examples include:
a. Fighting against illiteracy
b. Our people have a deep love for their country
c. We must cultivate good habits in society
d. Books are our greatest companions
e. Basic education is the foundation for greatness
Compare these with some of the conclusions from section I.2 and identify the features of points in argumentative writing.
Answer:
When compared with the conclusions in section I.2, we can see both similarities and differences:
Similarities: They are all conclusions.
Differences: In section I.2, the arguments in daily life are presented as simple sentences. Therefore, these arguments tend to be emotional, implicit, and unclear.
In section II, points in argumentative writing are typically presented as collections of sentences. Therefore, they are general, explicit, and require a more logical structure.
This shows that the characteristics of a point in argumentative writing are: concise, general, universally relevant, and based on a scientific and logical methodology.

Question 5: Page 34, 7th-grade Literature Textbook, Volume 2
Since points in argumentative writing are so important, the method of argumentation must be logical and precise. It must answer the questions: Why is this point being made? What does it contain? Is there a practical basis for it? What effect will it have? To answer these questions, we need to choose appropriate arguments and arrange them logically. Please argue the point 'Books are our greatest companions' by answering these questions.
Answer:
To argue the point 'Books are our greatest companions,' we need to answer the following questions:
Why is this point being made? Because it is a general conclusion with universal significance for society.
The contents of this point include: Books are a vast source of knowledge, nourishing our intellect and soul; they help us explore the mysteries of the natural world and the richness of the human spirit; books allow us to accumulate experiences and understand the past while looking to the future.
This point is supported by practical experience: Books have brought significant benefits to human life. This is why people recognize the immense value of books.
The point 'Books are our greatest companions' has the effect of uniting the paragraphs into a cohesive piece of writing.

Question 6: Page 34, 7th-grade Literature Textbook, Volume 2
Read the fables 'The Blind Men and the Elephant' and 'The Frog in the Well.' From each fable, draw a conclusion and argue for it.
Answer:
1. Identify the point and argument in the fable 'The Blind Men and the Elephant':
Point: We must take a holistic approach when examining things.
Argument: If we only observe from one perspective, we cannot accurately judge the true nature of things.
Taking a comprehensive view helps us understand reality more proactively. When studying an issue, we must not look at individual elements but should seek the interconnectedness of all factors.
The argument is made indirectly through the story of the blind men and the elephant, using carefully chosen details and dialogue, and the conclusion is drawn in a surprising and engaging manner.
2. Identify the point and argument in the fable 'The Frog in the Well':
Point: Arrogance and boastfulness will eventually lead to downfall.
Argument: The frog, living in a well and surrounded by small creatures, thinks of itself as a king. When the rain floods the well and the frog struts around, it gets trampled by a buffalo.
The argument is presented in a chronological and spatial order, using specific and selective details, leading to the conclusion in an insightful and conclusive manner.

ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE TO MASTER

- Every argumentative essay must contain a thesis, supporting arguments, and reasoning. An essay can have multiple main points and supporting points.

+ A thesis is the central idea or opinion expressed in the essay. In argumentative writing, the thesis represents a general conclusion with universal significance for society.

+ Supporting arguments are the reasoning or evidence provided to back up the thesis.

- Reasoning refers to the method of selecting, organizing, and presenting the supporting arguments in a way that guides the reader or listener to a conclusion, which reflects the writer's or speaker's perspective.

- The argumentative method in essay writing must be logical and structured.

I. ARGUMENTATION IN DAILY LIFE

Question 1 - Page 32 of Textbook

Read the following examples and answer the question.

a) It's raining today, so we won't go to the park.

b) I really enjoy reading because I learn a lot from books.

c) It's so hot, let's go get some ice cream.

In each of these sentences, identify the supporting argument and the conclusion, which reflects the speaker's viewpoint (intention, opinion). How does the supporting argument relate to the conclusion? Can the positions of the supporting argument and conclusion be switched?

Answer:

Identify the supporting arguments and conclusions in examples a), b), c):

Supporting argument - Conclusion

It's raining today - we won't go to the park.
Because I learn so much from books - I really enjoy reading.
It's so hot - let's go get some ice cream.
Cause

Effect

- The positions of the supporting argument and the conclusion can be swapped.

Example: We won't go to the park today because it's raining.

Conclusion Supporting argument

(effect of the decision) (specific cause)

Question 2 - Page 33 of Textbook

Provide supporting arguments for the following conclusions:

a) I really love my school...

b) Lying is very harmful...

c) ... just take a break and listen to music.

d) ... children should listen to their parents.

e) ... I really enjoy going on trips.

Answer:

a. I really love my school because it is very beautiful.

b. Lying is harmful because it can destroy trust between people.

c. I'm so tired, I just need a break to listen to some music.

d. If a child doesn't listen to their parents, they will go astray, so children should listen to their parents.

e. Going on trips allows me to learn many new things, so I enjoy traveling.

Question 3 - Page 33 of Textbook

Write additional supporting arguments for the following conclusions:

a) Sitting at home all the time is boring...

b) Tomorrow is the exam, and I still have so much to study...

c) Many people speak in an unpleasant way...

d) We are older now, we need to take care of the younger ones...

e) This person really loves football...

Answer:

a. Sitting at home all the time is boring, I need to get out and do something.

b. Tomorrow is the exam, and I still have so much to study, so I must study now.

c. Many people speak in an unpleasant way, which makes others uncomfortable.

d. We are older now, we need to take care of the younger ones and set a good example.

e. This person really loves football and doesn't want to do anything else.

II. ARGUMENTATION IN ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS

Question 1 - Page 33 of Textbook

A thesis in argumentative writing is a general conclusion with widespread societal relevance. Examples include:

a) Fighting illiteracy.

b) Our people have a deep love for the country.

c) We need to establish good habits in society.

d) Books are a great companion to humans.

e) Only with solid basics can one achieve greatness.

Compare these conclusions with some conclusions from section I.2 to identify the characteristics of a thesis in argumentative writing.

Answer:

Compare the conclusions from section 1 and 2 on the topic of Argumentation in daily life and Argumentation in argumentative essays. For example:

"Through books, I have learned many things; books are a great companion to humans."

=> A thesis in argumentative writing is a general conclusion with universal societal relevance, different from conclusions drawn from everyday life, which are specific to certain contexts.

Question 2 - Page 34 of Textbook

Due to the importance of the thesis, the argumentative method in writing requires scientific rigor and logical structure. It must answer questions like: Why is this thesis presented? What are the contents of this thesis? Does it have real-world support? What effect will this thesis have? ... To answer these questions, one must choose appropriate supporting arguments and arrange them logically.

Argue for the thesis "Books are a great companion to humans" by answering the questions above.

Answer:

For the topic "Books are a great companion to humans", the following questions can be posed:

- Why is "Books are a great companion to humans" considered true? Because books are extremely beneficial to people.

- In what specific ways do books benefit people's lives?

- How do the benefits of books manifest in reality? What real-world examples demonstrate the benefits of books?

- Recognizing the great benefits of books, what should we do?

Question 3 - Page 34 of Textbook

You have studied the fables "The Blind Men and the Elephant" and "The Frog in the Well." From each of these fables, extract a conclusion and argue for that conclusion.

Answer:

a) Identify the thesis and reasoning in the fable "The Blind Men and the Elephant":

- Thesis: One must have a holistic view when examining things and events.

- Supporting arguments:

+ A narrow, biased perspective can lead to a misinterpretation of the true nature of things.

+ Taking a comprehensive view allows us to better understand and control life.

+ When examining an issue, we should not focus on isolated details but explore the connections between them.

- Reasoning: The argument is not made directly but is implied through the story of the blind men, with carefully chosen details and dialogue that lead to an insightful and surprising conclusion.

b) Identify the thesis and reasoning in the fable "The Frog in the Well":

- Thesis: Arrogance and pride come with a heavy price.

- Supporting arguments:

+ The frog lived in the well for a long time, among small creatures.

+ When the frog croaked loudly, the smaller animals were frightened.

+ The frog mistook this for being like a ruler.

+ During a heavy rain, the water rose and washed the frog out of the well.

+ The frog wandered around arrogantly, unaware of its surroundings.

+ Eventually, the frog was trampled by a cow.

- With the theme "Do not be arrogant or overly confident," the argument could be structured as follows:

1. Introduction: Do not be arrogant or overly confident; we must strive to expand our knowledge.

2. Body:

+ Arrogance and pride are common in real life.

+ The negative effects of arrogance and pride.

+ We should remain humble, continuously learning and expanding our knowledge.

3. Conclusion: Human knowledge is limited, so we must keep broadening our understanding and remain humble in learning.

I- Argumentation in Everyday Life

Question 1, page 33, Grade 7 Literature textbook:

The parts of an argument are:

It’s raining today
Because I’ve learned a lot from books
The weather is extremely hot
These are the conclusions:

We won't go to the park anymore
I really enjoy reading books
Let’s go have some ice cream
The relationship between argument and conclusion is causal

The positions of the argument and conclusion can be swapped

Question 2, page 33, Grade 7 Literature textbook:

a. I love my school because I’ve learned so many valuable lessons here

b. Lying is harmful because it erodes trust

c. After working hard, let’s take a break and listen to some music

d. To be a good child, one must listen to their parents’ advice

e. Traveling to new places exposes you to new experiences, which is why I love to explore

Question 3, page 33, Grade 7 Literature textbook:

a. Staying at home all the time is boring, let’s go out and have some fun

b. The exam is tomorrow and I still have so much to study, I need to start now to be ready

c. Some classmates speak in a rude way, they need to improve their communication skills

d. As you grow up, you need to be considerate of others, especially younger siblings

e. He’s really passionate about football, so he’ll probably become a great player

II- Argumentation in Persuasive Writing

Question 1, page 33, Grade 7 Literature textbook:

Argumentation in section I.2 refers to practical actions
Argumentation in section II.1 deals with general concepts and abstract viewpoints

Question 2, page 33, Grade 7 Literature textbook:

Books are a valuable companion:

Books hold the wisdom of past generations
They provide an endless source of knowledge
Books nourish our minds and souls
Books comfort and encourage us, becoming our trusted friends

Question 3, page 33, Grade 7 Literature textbook:

The fortune teller’s elephant: To understand something, you must look at it from all angles:

Every object or event consists of many elements, so we must not oversimplify or consider them from just one perspective
Looking at things from a narrow viewpoint will lead to misunderstandings
By examining things from a holistic view, we can understand them fully and grasp their true nature
The frog in the well: Don’t be arrogant; always strive to broaden your understanding

Knowledge is infinite, but human understanding is limited, so we should avoid arrogance
Being arrogant and narrow-minded limits our ability to learn new things, as we think we already know everything
Arrogance leads to isolation and consequences that we may not foresee

I. Argumentation in Daily Life

Argumentation is the process of presenting reasons and evidence (arguments) to persuade others to accept a particular view or opinion. The idea or belief that one aims to persuade others to accept is the conclusion.

Question 1:

Arguments - Conclusion

Today it’s raining - we won't go to the park anymore.
Because I’ve learned many things from books - I really enjoy reading books.
It’s so hot - let’s go for ice cream.
Cause - Effect

It is possible to switch the order of the argument and conclusion, for example:

We won’t go to the park anymore, because today it’s raining.

Question 2: Add arguments to these conclusions:

a. I love my school because it’s very beautiful.

b. Lying is harmful because it destroys trust among people.

c. I’m so tired, let’s take a break and listen to music.

d. Fish spoil without salt. Children who don’t listen to their parents will go astray, so it’s important for children to obey their parents.

e. Traveling helps you learn new and exciting things, which is why I love going on trips.

Question 3: Continue the conclusion:

a. I’m bored staying at home all the time, I need to go out.

b. Tomorrow is the exam, and I still have so much to study, so I must continue learning.

c. Some classmates speak so rudely that it bothers others.

d. You all have grown up now, so you should set an example for younger kids.

e. He loves football so much, he doesn’t want to play anything else.

II. Argumentation in Argumentative Writing

Question 1: In argumentative writing, the thesis is a general conclusion that has societal relevance, differing from conclusions in daily life that are tied to specific situations.

Question 2: For the topic "Books are a great friend to humans", possible questions might be:

- Why is it said that "Books are a great friend to humans"? Because books are extremely useful to people.

- How does the benefit of books show in human life?

- How is the benefit of books demonstrated in real life? What concrete examples highlight their value?

- Understanding the immense value of books, what should we do?

Question 3:

a. Draw conclusions to form an argument:

- A fortune-teller examining an elephant: One must have a comprehensive view to understand phenomena.

- A frog in a well: Do not be arrogant or dismissive; always strive to broaden your understanding.

b. Build the main argument:

- A fortune-teller examining an elephant: To truly understand any phenomenon, one must adopt a holistic perspective (condition-result relationship).

- A frog in a well: Never be arrogant or dismissive; one should always seek to expand their knowledge (rejecting the conclusion and affirming the truth).

For example, with the topic "Do not be arrogant or dismissive", an argument might be structured as follows:

- Introduction: Never be arrogant or dismissive; always strive to broaden your perspective.

- Body:

+ Arrogance and dismissiveness are prevalent in everyday life.

+ The negative consequences of arrogance and dismissiveness.

+ The need to be humble, learn, and broaden one’s understanding.

- Conclusion: Human knowledge is limited, and we must continuously strive to expand it and remain humble in our learning.

Part I: ARGUMENTATION IN DAILY LIFE

Question 1: Read the following examples and answer the questions.

a) It’s raining today, so we won’t go to the park.

b) I really enjoy reading books because they teach me many things.

c) It’s so hot, let’s go have ice cream.

Question:

In the sentences above, which parts are the arguments, and which parts are the conclusions reflecting the speaker's opinion? What is the relationship between the arguments and conclusions? Can the positions of the arguments and conclusions be swapped?

Answer:

The arguments in these sentences are:

a) It’s raining today,

b) because books teach me many things.

c) It’s so hot,

The conclusions are:

a) we won’t go to the park.

b) I learn many things from books.

c) Let’s go have ice cream.

The relationship between the arguments and conclusions is cause and effect.

The positions of the arguments and conclusions can be exchanged.

For example: We won’t go to the park because it’s raining today.

Conclusion Argument

(result of the decision) (specific cause)

Question 2: Add arguments to the following conclusions:

a) I really love my school...

b) Lying is very harmful...

c) I’m so tired, let’s take a break and listen to music.

d) Children need to listen to their parents...

e) I really enjoy traveling...

Answer:

a) I love my school because I have many good friends and teachers.

b) Lying is harmful because it makes others lose trust in you.

c) I’m exhausted, so let’s take a short break and listen to music.

d) Children are still naive, so they should listen to their parents’ advice.

e) I’ve traveled to many places, and that’s why I love exploring new destinations.

Question 3: Complete the arguments:

a) Staying at home all the time is boring...

b) Tomorrow’s exam is coming, and I still have so much to study...

c) Some people speak so rudely...

d) You’ve grown up now, so you should set a good example...

e) He loves football so much...

Answer:

a) Staying at home is so boring; I really enjoy going on trips.

b) Tomorrow is the exam, and I still have so much left to study, so I need to focus on my revision.

c) Some people speak so rudely, we need to learn good manners.

d) You’ve grown up now, so as older siblings, you must be a role model for younger ones.

e) He loves football so much; he’ll probably become a great player.

Part II: ARGUMENTATION IN ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING

Answer to Question 1 (Page 33, Grade 7 Literature Textbook):

Compare the conclusions in sections 1 and 2 in Argumentation in Daily Life with those in Argumentation in Argumentative Writing. For example:

- "Books teach me many things" and "Books are a great friend to humans".

- The thesis in argumentative writing is a general conclusion that holds societal significance. In contrast, conclusions in daily life are personal and not as universally relevant, such as "learning many things".

Answer to Question 2 (Page 34, Grade 7 Literature Textbook):

Review the exercises on page 33 of the textbook.

Answer to Question 3 (Page 34, Grade 7 Literature Textbook):

- Both stories can form a thesis.

- A comprehensive and in-depth approach is necessary to truly understand a phenomenon.

- Students should structure their arguments into three parts: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion.

I. ARGUMENTATION IN DAILY LIFE

Question 1: Read the following examples and answer the questions.

a. It's raining today, so we won't go to the park.

b. I really enjoy reading books because they teach me a lot.

c. It's so hot, let's go have ice cream.

Question:

In these sentences, which part is the argument and which part is the conclusion that reflects the speaker's thoughts (intentions, opinions)? What is the relationship between the argument and the conclusion? Can the positions of the argument and conclusion be swapped?

Answer:

Arguments and conclusions in these sentences are identified as follows:

Sentence
Argument - Conclusion
a.
It's raining today
we won't go to the park
b.
Because books teach me a lot
I really enjoy reading books
c.
It's so hot
let's go have ice cream

Looking at the table, you can see that in sentences a and c, the argument comes before the conclusion. The relationship between the argument and the conclusion is one of cause and effect. In sentence b, the argument comes after the conclusion, and the relationship here is explanatory.

Thus, the positions of the argument and conclusion in an argument can be switched.

Question 2: Add arguments to the following conclusions:

a. I really love my school...

b. Lying is harmful...

c. Let's take a break and listen to music...

d. Children need to listen to their parents...

e. I really enjoy traveling...

Answer:

a. I love my school because it has been a part of my life since childhood.

b. Lying is harmful because no one will trust you anymore.

c. We’ve studied enough, let’s take a break and listen to some music.

d. At home, children need to listen to their parents.

e. I love traveling on holidays.

Question 3: Write conclusions for the following arguments to reflect the speaker's thoughts and opinions.

a. Staying at home all the time is boring...

b. Tomorrow is the exam, and there’s still so much to study...

c. Some people speak so rudely...

d. You’ve grown up now, you should be a good example...

e. He really loves football...

Answer:

a. Staying at home is so boring, let’s go to the park.

b. Tomorrow’s the exam, and there’s still so much left to study, I’m getting overwhelmed.

c. Some people speak so rudely, they think it’s cool.

d. You’ve grown up now, so as older siblings, you should set a good example.

e. He really loves football, he doesn’t care about his studies.

II. ARGUMENTATION IN ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING

Question 1: The thesis in argumentative writing consists of conclusions that are general and have societal relevance. For example:

a. Fighting illiteracy

b. The deep love our people have for their country

c. Creating good habits in society

d. Books are a great friend to humanity

e. Basic knowledge is essential to becoming truly skilled

Compare these with some conclusions in section I.2 to recognize the characteristics of a thesis in argumentative writing.

Answer:

Similarities: Both are conclusions.

Differences:

– In section I.2, everyday communication often carries a personal tone and implied meaning.

– In section II, the thesis in argumentative writing is more general and has explicit meaning.

Effect:

The thesis forms the foundation for developing supporting arguments.

The thesis is the conclusion of the argument.

=> Argumentation in argumentative writing requires logical reasoning and clarity.

Question 2: Since the thesis is important, the method of argumentation in argumentative writing must be scientific and structured. It must answer the questions: Why present this thesis? What content does it cover? Does it have practical grounds? What impact will it have? To answer these questions, one must choose appropriate supporting arguments and arrange them logically.

Construct an argument for the thesis “Books are a great friend to humanity” by answering the above questions.

Answer:

+ The role of books in human life.

+ Analyzing the effect of books on people’s understanding of the world around them.

+ Books are an indispensable companion in every person’s life.

– Attitude toward the argument: affirming the significant value of books in human life.

* Develop the idea:

– Why do we say “Books are a great friend to humanity”?

– The benefits of books in human life, specifically in various aspects:

+ People feel relaxed and comfortable reading books.

+ Reading books enhances knowledge in different fields such as culture, economy, society...

– The practical benefits of books are evident. Specific examples show how books benefit people.

– What actions people take when they recognize the great value of books.

Question 3: You’ve studied the fables “The Blind Men and the Elephant” and “The Frog in the Well.” From each of these stories, derive a conclusion that forms your thesis and support it with arguments.

Answer:

* “The Frog in the Well”:

– Thesis: The consequences of arrogance, ignorance, and pride.

– Supporting arguments:

+ The frog lived in a well, surrounded by small creatures.

+ The other creatures feared the loud croaking of the frog.

+ The frog thought it was powerful, like a king.

+ A heavy rain flooded the well, forcing the frog out.

+ Despite its fall, the frog continued to boast and carelessly walked around, ignoring its surroundings.

+ The frog was eventually crushed by an ox.

– Argumentation: Using a story with details and specific events to subtly lead to the thesis.

* “The Blind Men and the Elephant”:

– Thesis: To understand things correctly, we need to assess them in a comprehensive way, avoiding partial and one-sided views.

– Supporting arguments:

+ The way the blind men examined the elephant.

+ The attitude of each blind man when making judgments about the elephant.

+ The mistakes they made when assessing the elephant.

– Argumentation: Following the sequence of arguments, using storytelling and carefully selected details to subtly draw the conclusion.