Top 6 Best Lesson Plans on "Interrogative Sentences" (Part 2) for 8th Grade

Question 1. Exercise 1, pages 22 - 23, Textbook.

Answer:

- As noted, there may be interrogative sentences that do not end with a question mark, but any sentence that ends with a question mark is always an interrogative sentence.

- To answer the second question (What are these interrogative sentences used for?), consider the following suggestions: requests; affirmations; negations; expressing emotions (it is important to specify which emotion or feeling).

Question 2. Exercise 2, pages 23 - 24, Textbook.

Answer:

- For identifying interrogative sentences, refer to Exercise 1.

- To answer the second question (What are these interrogative sentences used for?), refer to the following suggestions: asking; affirming; negating; expressing emotions (it is important to specify which emotion or feeling).

- To determine if an interrogative sentence can be replaced by a non-interrogative sentence with the same meaning, we need to understand its function. For example, the sentence "Who dares to say that nature's plants don't have maternal feelings?" is not meant to ask but to affirm that nature's plants, like many other living beings, do have maternal feelings. Based on this, a non-interrogative equivalent could be: "Nature's plants do have maternal feelings."

Proceed similarly for other cases.

Question 3. Exercise 3, page 24, Textbook.

Answer:

Create two interrogative sentences that are not used for asking.

For example:

- Can you tell me the plot of the movie "Wild Wings"?

- (Old Hac!) Why is his life so miserable?

Question 4. Exercise 4, page 24, Textbook.

Answer:

Note that in these cases, the listener is not necessarily expected to answer but may respond with a greeting (which could also be an interrogative sentence).

Can such conversations occur between two people who are not close or intimate?

Question 5. Identify the interrogative sentences in the following excerpts and explain their purpose.

a) From ancient times, have the loyal officials and virtuous scholars, who sacrificed their lives for the country, never existed? If these officials only adhered to traditional feminine roles, how could they have made their mark in history, remaining immortal for eternity?

(Tran Quoc Tuan, "The General's Call")

b) I can only cry now, what else can I do? Its card is held by someone else. Its photo has been taken. It even took money from people.

(Nam Cao, "Old Hac")

Answer:

Both sentences in excerpt (a) and the first sentence in excerpt (b) are interrogative and are used to convey affirmation or negation.

The sentence: "From ancient times, have the loyal officials and virtuous scholars sacrificed their lives for the country?" could be rephrased as: "From ancient times, the loyal officials and virtuous scholars have sacrificed their lives for the country."

The sentence: "If these officials had only adhered to traditional feminine roles, how could they have made their mark in history and remained immortal for eternity?" could be rephrased as: "If these officials had only adhered to traditional feminine roles, they would have died in obscurity, unable to make their mark in history and remain immortal for eternity!".

Note: The original "The General's Call" was written in Classical Chinese without punctuation marks. In the Vietnamese translation, the interrogative sentence is not used for asking but for expressing negation, so it is not necessary to use a question mark at the end.

The sentence: "I can only cry now, what else can I do?" could be rephrased as: "I can only cry, I don't know what else to do."

Question 6. Given the interrogative sentence: "Why not tell it to come?" Try rearranging the words to form different interrogative sentences.

Answer:

In theory, with 5 words, there are 120 possible arrangements. However, not all of these arrangements will create meaningful sentences. For example, in Vietnamese: "Tell why it comes not" is not a valid sentence. This exercise does not require you to find all possible combinations, as there is not enough time in class (you can do that at home). But you could divide into groups and see which group can find the most sentences within the time set by the teacher.

Question 7. Find two examples in real life of sentences that are in the form of interrogative sentences but are rarely used to ask questions and are instead used to request something.

Answer:

In real life, some sentences are in the form of questions but are almost never used to inquire, instead serving as greetings or requests.

For example, when asking someone to lend you a lighter, you might say:

- Do you have a lighter?

Or when greeting a friend, you might ask:

- Have you just returned from school?

Question 8. Read the following excerpt and explain why the last sentence does not use a question mark (?) but instead uses an exclamation mark (!)?

My foster mother immediately intervened:

- She can do it! You're always criticizing the poor boy. Without you, do you think he could have done it?

(Doan Gioi, "The Southern Forest")

Answer:

The last sentence in the excerpt, though containing the elements of a question, is not meant to inquire but to express exclamation.

I – FUNDAMENTAL KNOWLEDGE TO MASTER

1. This lesson requires students to understand the secondary functions of interrogative sentences. Specifically, in addition to the main function of asking questions, interrogative sentences are also used for: requests (stating a desired action or demanding something from someone), affirmations (confirming something or someone), negations (denying something or someone), and expressing emotions or feelings (of the speaker). These secondary functions of interrogative sentences do not require a response from the listener.

2. In terms of form, interrogative sentences with these secondary functions can end with a question mark, period, exclamation mark, or ellipsis.

Some examples of interrogative sentences with secondary functions:

– In a movie theater, you and your friend are deeply discussing the movie. Suddenly, someone next to you says: Could you please lower your voices?

– Is my money like a shell that I can just throw away for you? Do you really think I’m interested in your profits?

(Ngo Tat To)

II – EXERCISE GUIDELINES

Question 1. – Carefully read each excerpt and note the sentences that end with a question mark. These are interrogative sentences.

See more: Introduction to the novel "Turn Off the Lights" and the excerpt from "The Overflowing Water" by Ngo Tat To.

– The purpose of each identified interrogative sentence (secondary functions) is mostly to express emotions or feelings. The interrogative sentence in excerpt (a) carries a tone of surprise, while those in (b) and (d) carry a tone of negation, and the sentence in (c) expresses a request.

Question 2. – When reading each excerpt to identify interrogative sentences, pay attention to those ending with a question mark and containing question words such as: why, what, how, and who. These are interrogative sentences.

– In terms of function, these interrogative sentences are used to: inquire, negate, affirm, express doubt or hesitation, etc.

– Among the identified interrogative sentences, those in excerpts (a), (b), and (c) can be replaced with non-interrogative sentences conveying the same meaning.

Question 3. In the two interrogative sentences you need to form, one should be a request (demand) and the other should express emotions or feelings.

For reference, here are examples:

– Sentence 1: Can you tell me the plot of the movie "Waves in the River" you just watched?

– Sentence 2: How could her life have been so tumultuous?

Question 4. In communication, the interrogative sentences given in the exercises are used as greetings. The relationship between the speaker and listener here is very close and intimate.

Essential Knowledge to Master

- Beyond its primary function of asking questions, a question sentence also serves several indirect purposes:

+ Expressing affirmation.

+ Expressing a request.

+ Expressing denial.

+ Expressing a threat.

+ Revealing feelings or emotions.

- When not used to ask a question, some question sentences may end with a period, an exclamation mark, or an ellipsis.

Next Lesson: Question Sentences

III. Other Functions

Review the following excerpts and answer the questions:

a)

This year, the peach blossoms bloom again,

But we no longer see the old scholar.

Those long-gone people,

Where are their spirits now?

(Vũ Đình Liên, The Old Scholar)

b) The tax collector did not allow Dậu to finish her sentence. With a glare, he yelled:

- Are you planning to tell your father about this? The state’s tax, and you dare to ask for an extension!

(Ngô Tất Tố, Tắt đèn)

c) The dam has broken!… The dam has broken, and during your time, I would have thrown you in prison for this! Don’t you know?… Where are the soldiers? How dare you let him run in here like this? Isn’t there any discipline left?

(Phạm Duy Tốn, Live and Let Die)

d) A person who spends every day worrying only about themselves, yet when reading a good story or reciting poetry, they can laugh, cry, feel joy or anger for people they’ve never met, for things that aren’t even theirs—doesn’t that prove the extraordinary power of literature?

(Hoài Thanh, The Meaning of Literature)

e) Now it’s my father, stunned, unable to believe his eyes.

- My daughter drew this? Could it really be her, the same Mèo who always rummages through things?

(Tạ Duy Anh, My Sister’s Painting)

- Which of the sentences above is a question?

- If not used for questioning, what purpose does the question in each excerpt serve?

- Comment on the punctuation used in these question sentences (do they always end with a question mark?).

Answer:

- The question sentences:

+ Sentence a) - Where are their spirits now?

+ Sentence b) - Are you planning to tell your father about this?

+ Sentence c) - Don’t you know?… Where are the soldiers? How dare you let him run in here like this?

+ Sentence d) - Doesn’t that prove the extraordinary power of literature?

+ Sentence e) - Could it really be her, the same Mèo who always rummages through things?

- These question sentences aren’t used for asking but for:

+ Expressing emotion, nostalgia for the past (a).

+ Expressing a threat (b, c).

+ Expressing affirmation (d).

+ Expressing surprise (e).

- Not all question sentences end with a question mark. For instance, in excerpt (e), the second question sentence ends with an exclamation mark.

Practice

Question 1 - Page 22 Textbook

Identify the question sentences in the following excerpts. What are their purposes?

a) Alas, Lão Hạc! So it turns out, in the end, you too can take desperate measures just like anyone else... A person like that! … A person who cried because they tricked a dog! … A person who starved themselves to save money for a funeral, not wanting to burden their neighbors... Such a respectable person now follows Binh Tư for food? Life truly becomes sadder each day...

(Nam Cao, Lão Hạc)

b)

Where are those golden nights by the creek?

We drunkenly stood, drinking the waning moonlight?

Where are the rainy days turning all directions in the distance,

We silently watch our land being transformed?

Where are the dawns with green trees soaked in sunlight,

The birds singing, and our sleep filled with joy?

Where are the afternoons soaked in blood behind the forest

Waiting for death beneath the harsh sun?

Oh, where has the glorious time gone?

(Thế Lữ, Remembering the Forest)

c) Each falling leaf marks a separation. So, separation does not always carry sadness or sorrow. Why not view separation from the gentle perspective of a leaf falling?

(Khái Hưng, Falling Leaves)

d) Imagine a balloon that never pops, never flies away, always stubbornly stays... Oh, if that’s the case, where would the flying balloon be?

(Hoàng Phủ Ngọc Tường, The Playful One)

Answer:

- The question sentences:

a) “Now, is that respectable person following Binh Tư to eat?”

b) All the lines in this stanza are question sentences (except for the exclamation: Alas!)

c) “Why not view separation from the perspective of a leaf falling?”

d) “Where would the flying balloon be?”

- These question sentences serve to:

a) Express emotions and surprise.

b) Deny; express emotions.

c) Express a request; express emotions.

d) Deny; express emotions.

Question 2 - Page 23 Textbook

Review the following excerpts and identify the question sentences. What features indicate these are question sentences?

a) - Why are you worrying so much? You’re still very healthy, don’t be afraid of death yet! You should save the money for eating, you can worry about death when it comes!

- No, teacher! If I eat everything now, what will I have to live on when I die?

(Nam Cao, Lão Hạc)

b) Upon hearing the child urge, the mother asked the rich man. The rich man hesitated. How could a kid who knows nothing possibly take care of the cows?

(Sọ Dừa)

c) Beneath the bamboo roots, new shoots sprout. The bamboo stalks rise like gigantic thorns piercing the earth, while the bamboo leaves wrap tightly around the young stems, like a mother’s arms keeping her child safe. Who dares say plants don’t have maternal love?

(Ngô Văn Phú, The Village Fence)

d) The king ordered his soldiers to bring in the child and asked:

- Child, what brings you here? Why are you crying?

(The Clever Boy)

Answer:

- The question sentences:

a) “Why are you worrying so much?”; “Why are you starving yourself and saving money for the future?”; “Why eat everything now and have nothing when you die?”

b) “How could the kid possibly take care of the cows?”

c) “Who dares say plants don’t have maternal love?”

d) “Child, what brings you here?”; “Why are you crying?”

- The identifying features of these question sentences include: the use of question words (in bold) and the question mark ending each sentence.

- The purposes of these question sentences:

a) Express denial.

b) Show hesitation or uncertainty.

c) Express affirmation.

d) Both sentences are for asking.

- The question sentences in parts (a), (b), and (c) can be replaced with equivalent non-question sentences as follows:

a) “You shouldn’t worry so much.”; “Don’t starve yourself to save money for later.”; “Eat now, don’t worry about the future.”

b) “It’s uncertain whether the kid can take care of the cows.”

c) “Plants indeed have maternal love.”

Question 3 - Page 24 Textbook

Write two question sentences that are not used for asking.

Answer:

a) Can you retell the story of the movie you watched last night?

- This requests the friend to summarize the movie.

b) Oh, Dậu! Why does your life have to be so filled with sorrow?

- This expresses emotions about the character’s fate.

Question 4 - Page 24 Textbook

In conversation, questions like “Have you eaten?” or “Are you reading?” are sometimes not used for inquiry. In these cases, what is the function of the question? What is the relationship between the speaker and listener?

Answer:

In many communication cases, questions like “Have you eaten?” or “Are you reading?” are used as greetings. The listener is not expected to answer the content directly but may respond with a greeting of their own. The relationship between the speaker and listener is typically close or familiar.

Important Notes

- In many cases, question sentences are not used for asking but for making requests, affirmations, denials, threats, or expressing emotions, without requiring a response from the listener.

- If not used for questioning, some question sentences may end with a period, exclamation mark, or ellipsis.

I. Other Functions

- The interrogative sentences from the excerpts above include:

+ Where is the soul now?

+ Are you planning to speak to your father like that?

+ Do you know? ... what happened to decency?

+ A person who spends their whole life worrying only about themselves... can literature truly be this powerful?

+ Did my daughter really draw this?

- These interrogative sentences are not meant to ask questions:

a) They express the author's nostalgia and regret;

b) They show the anger and threat of the headman;

c) They express the threats and scolding of the village chief;

d) They affirm the importance of literature in life;

e) They express the surprise of the father character.

- The sentences above end with a question mark (punctuation).

+ These interrogative sentences are used to express emotions, threats, affirmations, and surprise... without requiring a response from the listener.

II. Practice

Exercise 1 (Page 22, Literature Textbook, Grade 8, Volume 2):

a) The interrogative sentence: 'How could such a respectable person now follow Binh Tu just to survive?'

→ It shows the astonishment of the teacher.

b) The interrogative sentences: 'Am I drunk standing while drinking the melting moonlight? / Will I quietly admire my transforming homeland? / Will the birds sing my vibrant dreams? / Will I claim the secret for myself? / Alas, where have the glorious days gone?'

→ These express the nostalgia for past glorious days, which are now gone.

c) The interrogative sentence: 'Can we not view separation... as the gentle fall of a leaf?'

→ These two interrogative sentences are used to negate the idea of separation by observing the falling leaf.

d) The interrogative sentence: 'Oh, if that's the case, what’s left of a balloon?'

→ It affirms the inherent characteristics of a balloon (bursting and floating away).

Exercise 2 (Page 23, Literature Textbook, Grade 8, Volume 2):

a) + Why are you worrying so much?

+ Why starve yourself and leave money behind?

+ If you keep eating, what will you do when the time comes?

→ These questions use the words 'why', 'what', and end with a question mark. The teacher's questions are meant to advise Mr. Hac, while Mr. Hac’s questions reflect sadness and concern for the future.

b) How could someone entrust a herd of cattle to a boy who is neither man nor beast to take care of them?

→ The words 'how' and the question mark indicate the wealthy landowner’s lack of trust in the boy.

c) Who would dare claim that nature’s plants lack maternal love?

→ The word 'who' and the question mark at the end are used to affirm the maternal bond in bamboo shoots (plants).

d) 'What are you doing here? Why are you crying?'

→ The words 'what' and 'why', and the question mark show that these are direct questions.

- The sentences in sections (a), (b), (c), and (d) could be replaced by non-interrogative sentences with equivalent functions.

Exercise 3 (Page 64, Literature Textbook, Grade 8, Volume 2):

a) Could Lan tell me about the movie 'Beauty and the Beast' you watched yesterday afternoon?

b) Who would dare say that Mr. Hac’s life is not tragic?

Exercise 4 (Page 64, Literature Textbook, Grade 8, Volume 2):

In daily conversations, sentences like 'Have you eaten yet?' or 'Are you reading?' are not meant to ask but to greet. The relationship between the speaker and listener is close and friendly.

Part I: OTHER FUNCTIONS

Question (page 21 of Literature 8, Volume 2)

Consider the following excerpts and answer the questions:

a) This year, the peach blossoms bloom again,

But I can't see the old scholar anymore.

Those who lived long ago,

Where have their souls gone now?

(Vu Dinh Lien, The Old Scholar)

b) The tax collector wouldn't let Mrs. Dau finish her sentence. He glared and shouted:

- Are you going to tell your father? The government tax, and you dare ask to delay it!

(Ngo Tat To, The Lights Out)

c) The dyke has broken! ... The dyke has broken! In my time, I would have locked you up for this! Do you understand?... Soldiers! How dare you let him run in here like that? Where's your discipline?

(Pham Duy Ton, Life and Death, Who Cares?)

d) A person who spends every day focused on their own worries, yet when reading stories or reciting poems, they can feel joy, sorrow, happiness, or anger for people far away, for things far away. Isn't that a testament to the extraordinary power of literature?

(Hoai Thanh, The Meaning of Literature)

e) Then my father stood frozen, as if he couldn't believe his eyes.

- Is this my daughter who painted this? Could it really be her, the girl who always rummages around!

(Ta Duy Anh, My Sister’s Painting)

- In the excerpts above, which sentences are interrogative?

- Are the interrogative sentences in the excerpts used to ask something? If not, what are they used for?

- Comment on the punctuation used at the end of the interrogative sentences (do they always end with a question mark?).

Answer:

- The interrogative sentences are:

+ Sentence a - Where have their souls gone now?

+ Sentence b - Are you going to tell your father?

+ Sentence c - Do you understand?... Soldiers! How dare you let him run in here like that?

+ Sentence d - Isn't that a testament to the extraordinary power of literature?

+ Sentence e - Could it really be her, the girl who always rummages around?

- The interrogative sentences in these excerpts are not used to ask something but to:

+ Express emotions, nostalgia for the past (a).

+ Threaten (b, c).

+ Affirm something (d).

+ Express surprise (e).

- Not all interrogative sentences end with a question mark. For example, in excerpt (e), the second question mark is replaced with an exclamation mark.

Part II: PRACTICE

Question 1 (page 22 of Literature 8, Volume 2):

Identify the interrogative sentences in the following excerpts. What are they used for?

a) Oh, Lão Hạc! It turns out that when it came down to it, even he could take a desperate step... A person like that! … A person who cried because he accidentally lied to a dog! … A person who went without food to save money for his funeral, so he wouldn’t burden his neighbors... That respected person now follows the path of Binh Tư to survive? Life has truly become more tragic each day...

(Nam Cao, Lão Hạc)

b) Where are those golden nights by the stream,

I stand drunk drinking the scattered moonlight?

Where are the rainy days sweeping across the four directions,

While I quietly observe my newly changed homeland?

Where are the mornings with trees washed in sunlight,

Where the birds sing, waking me up with joy?

Where are the evenings soaked in blood behind the forest,

As I wait for death under the scorching sun,

To claim the secret part for myself?

- Alas! The glorious days are gone!

(Thế Lữ, Nostalgia)

c) Each fallen leaf represents a symbol of separation. So separation isn't only a sad or painful concept. Why not look at it through the gentle lens of a falling leaf?

(Khái Hưng, Falling Leaves)

d) Imagine a balloon that never bursts, never drifts away, and stays forever as a stubborn object... Oh, if that were true, where would be the flying balloon?

(Hoàng Phủ Ngọc Tường, The Playful One)

Answer:

- The interrogative sentences are:

+ a) Is that respected person now following Binh Tư to survive?

+ b) All the lines in the poem are interrogative (except the exclamation: Alas!).

+ c) Why not view separation through the perspective of a leaf falling gently?

+ d) Oh, where would be the flying balloon?

- The interrogative sentences are used to:

+ (a): Express emotions, surprise.

+ (b): Express negation; express emotions.

+ (c): Imply a request; express emotions.

+ (d): Express negation; express emotions.

Question 2 (page 23 of Literature 8, Volume 2):

Consider the following excerpts and answer the questions.

a) - Why are you so worried? You're still healthy, you're not dead yet, why fear? Just use the money to eat, save it for when you're gone! Why starve now to save it?

- No, teacher! If I spend it all, what will I have left when I'm gone?

(Nam Cao, Lão Hạc)

b) Hearing her son urging her, the mother went to ask the landlord. The landlord hesitated. How could he trust the boy, who was neither man nor beast, to tend the cows?

(Sọ Dừa)

c) Beneath the bamboo tree, sprouts grow like giant needles piercing through the ground, rising up, and the bamboo shoot is wrapped tightly like a mother's dress wrapping around her newborn child. Who dares say that nature doesn’t have maternal love?

(Ngô Văn Phú, The Village Fence)

d) The king sent his soldiers to bring in the boy, asking him:

- Boy, what are you doing here? Why are you crying?

(The Smart Boy)

- Which sentences in the above excerpts are interrogative? What formal characteristics indicate they are interrogative sentences?

Answer:

- The interrogative sentences are:

a) “Why are you so worried?”; “Why starve now to save it?”; “If I spend it all, what will I have left when I'm gone?”

b) How could he trust the boy, who was neither man nor beast, to tend the cows?

c) Who dares say that nature doesn’t have maternal love?

d) “Boy, what are you doing here?”; “Why are you crying?”

+ The formal characteristics that help identify these as interrogative sentences include the use of question words (bolded) and the question mark at the end of each sentence.

- These interrogative sentences are used to:

+ (a): All three sentences express negation.

+ (b): Express hesitation, doubt.

+ (c): Affirm something.

+ (d): Both sentences are used to ask questions.

- The interrogative sentences in (a), (b), and (c) could be replaced with equivalent non-interrogative sentences. The equivalent sentences are:

+ (a): “You don't need to worry so much.”; “Don't starve to save it.”; “If I spend it all, there will be nothing left when I'm gone.”

+ (b): “I’m not sure if the boy can tend the cows well.”

+ (c): “Nature has maternal love.”

Question 3 (page 24 of Literature 8, Volume 2)

Write two interrogative sentences that are not used to ask something.

Answer:

a) Can you tell me the story of the movie from last night?

b) Mrs. Dau, why has your life been filled with so much sorrow?

Question 4 (page 24 of Literature 8, Volume 2)

In communication, sometimes interrogative sentences like "Have you eaten yet?", "Are you reading a book?", "Where are you going?" are not meant to ask something. In these cases, what are the interrogative sentences used for? What is the relationship between the speaker and the listener here?

Answer:

In many communication situations, sentences like: Have you eaten yet? Are you reading a book? … are often used as greetings. In these cases, the listener doesn’t need to respond directly to the question but can answer with a greeting of their own. The relationship between the speaker and the listener is usually one of familiarity or closeness.

A. KEY KNOWLEDGE

Other Functions

Consider the following excerpts and answer the questions:
In excerpt (a), the question: 'Where is the soul now?' is an interrogative sentence (expressing emotion, nostalgia for the past).
In excerpt (b), the question: 'Are you planning to tell your father this?' (threatening tone).
In excerpt (c), the question: 'Do you know? Soldiers, where are you? Why do you let this person run in here like this? No more discipline?' (threatening tone).
In excerpt (d), the entire excerpt is an interrogative sentence. (affirmative).
In excerpt (e), the question: 'My daughter drew this? Could it really be her, the one who always rummages around?' (expressing surprise).
In these cases, the interrogative sentences are not meant to ask but are used to express emotions, threats, affirmations, etc. In such cases, there is no expectation of a response from the interlocutor. And when not used for asking, the interrogative sentence may end with an exclamation mark, a period, or an ellipsis as seen in the examples above.

Question 1: Page 22, Literature Textbook 8, Volume 2

Analyze the following excerpts and answer the question: In excerpt (a), the interrogative sentence is: 'Can a respectable person now follow the path of Binh Tu just to survive?' In excerpt (b), the interrogative sentences are: 'Am I drunk, standing under the fading moonlight? Do I gaze at my homeland changing? Do I hear birds singing, making my sleep joyful? Is it time for me to seize my part of the secret?' Alas, where has the glorious era gone? In excerpt (c), the interrogative sentence is: 'Why not view parting as the soul of a falling leaf?' In excerpt (d), the interrogative sentence is: 'If that’s the case, where’s the flying balloon gone?' The functions of these sentences are: Mostly used to express emotions, feelings. Specifically, the sentence in excerpt (a) carries surprise, in (b) and (d) conveys negation, and in (c), it has a request tone.

Question 2: Page 23, Literature Textbook 8, Volume 2

Analyze the following excerpts and answer the question. In excerpt (a), the interrogative sentences are: 'Why are you worrying so much? What’s the point of starving now just to leave money behind? If you keep eating, what will you do when you die?' In excerpt (b), the interrogative sentence is: 'How can a boy who is neither mature nor experienced manage the herd?' In excerpt (c), the interrogative sentence is: 'Who can deny that plants have maternal instincts?' In excerpt (d), the interrogative sentence is: 'What’s the matter with you, boy? Why are you here crying?' The distinguishing characteristics of these interrogative sentences are: they end with question marks and contain question words like 'why,' 'how,' 'what,' etc. The purpose of these sentences is to express: Feelings and nostalgia for the past (a); negation (b, c); affirmation (d); and surprise (e). For example, the sentence 'Why starve now when you can leave money behind?' can be replaced with a non-interrogative equivalent: 'Now, you shouldn’t starve just to save money for later!'

Question 3: Page 24, Literature Textbook 8, Volume 2

Form two interrogative sentences that are not meant to ask: Asking a friend to summarize a film recently shown. Expressing emotions and feelings towards a literary character's fate. Example: Asking a friend about a movie: 'What’s the story of the movie 'Hell Island' that so many people watched, Trang?' Expressing emotions about a literary character's fate: 'Oh my, how tragic is Lão Hạc's fate!'

Question 4: Page 24, Literature Textbook 8, Volume 2

In communication, sometimes interrogative sentences like 'Have you eaten yet?' 'Are you reading?' or 'Where are you going?' are not used to ask. So, what are these interrogative sentences for in such cases? What is the relationship between the speaker and the listener? These sentences are used as greetings, showing interest or initiating conversation. In these cases, the relationship between the speaker and the listener is typically social.