Top 6 Best Lessons on 'Nouns' (continued) for Grade 6

Exercises

1. Exercise 1, page 109, textbook.

2. Exercise 2, pages 109-110, textbook.

3. Exercise 3, page 110, textbook.

4. Name the following organizations, agencies, and schools:

- Department of Education and Training in Tu Liem District

- Ministry of Education and Training

- People's Army Publishing House

- Tran Hung Dao Secondary School

Write these names in proper capitalization as per the rules learned.

5. Why is the Vietnamese spelling in the following sentence different?

I always strive to study well in Vietnamese to use the language better.

Guidelines for answering

Question 1: First, identify the nouns in the sentence and categorize them into two groups:

- Common nouns (general names for a class of objects), e.g., ancient times, region,...

- Proper nouns (specific names for people, things, places...), e.g., Lac Viet,...

Question 2: - Words like bird, cloud, water, flower are used to specify particular entities.

- Words like Ut and Chay are not proper nouns, but in sentences b and c, they are used to refer to specific people and a specific village.

Question 3: Students should read the given poem carefully, identify the proper nouns, underline them, and then capitalize the proper nouns.

Note: Some common nouns like 'dock' or 'gate' are written in capital letters when used as part of a proper noun. Example: Ben Hai, Gate Tung,...

Question 4: Use the capitalization rules outlined in the textbook to correctly capitalize these names. (The name of an organization typically consists of multiple words; capitalize the first letter of each word.)

First, divide the phrases into components. For example: Tran Hung Dao Secondary School.

Next, capitalize the first letter of each component.

Note: Some names of organizations may include a person's name or a geographical name. These should be capitalized according to the rules for proper names. Example: Tran Hung Dao Secondary School.

Question 5: Be mindful: The first letter of the name of a subject should be capitalized. Example: Physics, History...

I. BASIC KNOWLEDGE
A noun refers to an object and can be categorized into common nouns and proper nouns. A common noun is a general name for a type of object. A proper noun is a specific name for a person, object, or location...
When writing proper nouns, the first letter of each part forming the proper noun must be capitalized. Specifically:
- For names of people, places in Vietnam, or places abroad transliterated through Sino-Vietnamese: Capitalize the first letter of each syllable.
- For names of people or places abroad transliterated directly without Sino-Vietnamese: Capitalize the first letter of each part that forms the proper noun; if a part contains multiple syllables, hyphens should separate the syllables.
• Proper names of institutions, organizations, prestigious awards, titles, medals, etc., usually consist of multiple words. The first letter of each word in the phrase should be capitalized.

II. GUIDANCE FOR ANSWERING QUESTIONS
Question 1. Fill in the nouns from the following sentence into the classification table
The king remembered the heroic deeds of the warrior, named Phu Dong Thien Vuong, and built a temple in Giong Village, now located in Phu Dong Commune, Gia Lam District, Hanoi.
(The Legend of Saint Giong)
CLASSIFICATION TABLE
Common Nouns: King, village, warrior, commune, district, temple, gratitude
Proper Nouns: Hanoi, Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Giong, Gia Lam, Phu Dong

III. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Question 1. Find common nouns and proper nouns in the following sentence
In the ancient times/in/the/region/Lac Viet/there/was/now/north of/our/country/a/god/of/the/dragon-line/son/of/the/god/Long Nu/named/Lac Long Quan/
(The Dragon's Child)
+ Common Nouns: Ancient times, region, land, country, god, race, dragon, son, name.
+ Proper Nouns: Lac Viet, North Vietnam, Long Nu, Lac Long Quan.

Question 2. Are the bolded words below proper nouns? Why or why not?
a) Bird, Cloud, Water, and Flower believe that the magical song of the Nightingale awakened everyone.
(Vo Quang)
Miss Ut shyly offered the king a small cake.
(The Cake of Miss Ut)
[...] When the horse neighed fire, it burned down a village, so that village later became known as the village of Fire.
(The Legend of Saint Giong)
+ The words: Bird, Cloud, Water, Flower, Nightingale, Ut, are common nouns – general names for types of objects – but in this context, they are proper nouns because they refer to characters in the story.
+ Fire, originally a verb, becomes a proper noun in this case, used to name a specific village.

Question 3. A classmate copied the following poem from poet To Huu but forgot to capitalize some proper nouns. Please rewrite the correct proper nouns.
To correct your classmate's mistake, we need to follow the capitalization rules. Corrected version:
Anyone who travels to the South
Tien Giang, Hau Giang
Anyone who enters the city
Ho Chi Minh City
Shining with golden names.
Anyone who visits the rich lands of Dong Thap, Viet Bac, Southern Vietnam, where the French invaders were buried, and where we grew up!
Anyone who goes to Ngai, Binh Phu, Khanh Hoa
Anyone who visits Phan Rang, Phan Thiet
Anyone who goes to the Central Highlands, Gong Turn, Dak Lak
The Central region is the long and painful heart of Vietnam
Anyone who returns to their homeland with deep affection
Song Huong, Ben Hai, Cua Tung
Anyone who visits there, tell the people and comrades
Tell the beloved half of Vietnam
That our country belongs to us
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam!

Question 1: Based on what you have learned in elementary school, fill in the nouns in the sentence above into the classification table on page 108 of the textbook.

Read the following sentence:

The king remembered the heroic deeds and honored him as Phu Dong Thien Vuong, establishing a temple in Giong Village, now part of Phu Dong Commune, Gia Lam District, Hanoi.

Answer:

The nouns to be filled in the table are as follows:

Common nouns: king, gratitude, hero, temple, village, commune, district.

Proper nouns: Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Giong, Phu Dong, Gia Lam, Hanoi.

Question 2: Comment on the capitalization of proper nouns in the sentence above.

Answer:

In the sentence, the first letter of each component of a proper noun (the first letter of each word forming a proper noun) is capitalized.

Question 3: Recall the capitalization rules you have learned and provide examples.

– Capitalization rule for names of people and places in Vietnam.– Capitalization rule for names of people and places abroad.– Capitalization rule for names of organizations, titles, awards, medals, etc.

Answer:

Capitalization rules:

For names of people and places in Vietnam: Capitalize the first letter of each word.

Example: Le Hoai Nam, Hue, Da Nang…

For names of people and places abroad:

– If the name is from China, transliterated via Sino-Vietnamese, capitalize the first letter of each word.

Example: Dang Tieu Binh, Beijing…

– For names transliterated into Vietnamese:

+ For names of people: Only capitalize the first letter of the surname, middle name, and given name, e.g., A-lech-xan-dre Se-rge-evich Pushkin.

+ For place names: Only capitalize the first letter, with or without hyphens between words, e.g., Mississippi, Danube, Warsaw…

For names of organizations, titles, awards, medals, etc.: Capitalize the first letter of each part of the phrase, e.g., United Nations, Communist Party of Vietnam, Young Pioneers…

Exercise on nouns in the next lesson, pages 109 and 110 in the textbook

Exercise 1: Find the common and proper nouns in the sentence from Exercise 1.

Answer:

– Common nouns: Once upon a time, region, land, water, god, dragon, son, tribe.

– Proper nouns: Lac Viet, North Vietnam, Long Nu, Lac Long Quan.

Exercise 2: Are the words in bold proper nouns? Why?

a) Birds, Clouds, Water, and Flowers all believe that the miraculous song of the Nightingale woke everyone from their sleep.

b) The young girl Ut shyly offered the king a small plate of cakes.

c) […] When the horse screamed fire, the fire destroyed a village, so that village is now called Burned Village.

Answer:

The bolded words:

a) Birds, Clouds, Water, Flowers

b) Ut

c) Burned

They are all proper nouns because they are used to refer to specific, unique objects rather than to refer to a general category of things.

Exercise 3: One of your classmates copied a poem from the textbook on page 110 of the poet To Huu but forgot to capitalize some proper nouns. Rewrite those proper nouns correctly.

Answer:

The poem is rewritten as follows:

Who goes to the South

Tien Giang, Hau Giang

Who enters Ho Chi Minh City, glowing with golden names

Who visits the flooded fields of Dong Thap, Vietnam's North, where the French invaders were buried

Who goes to the homeland with passionate love

Hue River, Ben Hai River, Cua Tung…

Who goes with the compatriots and comrades

Say to the whole of Vietnam: Our country belongs to us

Democratic Republic of Vietnam!

Question 1 (page 108, Vietnamese Literature 6, Vol. 1):

Common nouns: gratitude, king, hero, temple, village, commune, district
Proper nouns: Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Giong, Gia Lam, Hanoi

Question 2 (page 108, Vietnamese Literature 6, Vol. 1):

The proper nouns are capitalized.

Question 3 (page 109, Vietnamese Literature 6, Vol. 1): Capitalization rules:

• Names of people and places in Vietnam: Capitalize all the first letters: Nguyen Trai, Hung Kings, Hanoi, ...
• Names of people and places abroad, transliterated via Sino-Vietnamese: Capitalize like Vietnamese names: Mao Zedong, Sima Qian, Beijing, ...
• Names of people and places abroad, transliterated directly: Capitalize the first letter of each word: Maxim Gorky, Paris, ...
• Names of organizations, titles, awards, medals...: Capitalize the first letter of words that help to distinguish them: Ministry of Education and Training, University of Social Sciences and Humanities,...

Exercise

Question 1 (page 109, Vietnamese Literature 6, Vol. 1):

- Common nouns: Once upon a time, region, land, now, god, tribe, dragon, son, name.

- Proper nouns: Lac Viet, Long Nu, North Vietnam, Lac Long Quan.

Question 2 (page 109, Vietnamese Literature 6, Vol. 1): Are the bolded words proper nouns?

a. Yes. Because they are specific characters considered proper nouns.

b. Yes. Because they are proper names of characters.

c. Yes. Because they are proper names of a village.

Question 3 (page 110, Vietnamese Literature 6, Vol. 1):

The proper nouns you forgot to capitalize: Tien Giang, Hau Giang, Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Thap, France, Khánh Hoa, Phan Rang, Phan Thiet, Central Highlands, Kon Tum, Dak Lak, Trung, Hue River, Ben Hai River, Cua Tung, Vietnam, Democratic Republic of Vietnam.

Part I: COMMON NOUNS AND PROPER NOUNS

Answer to question 1 (page 108, Textbook, Grade 6, Volume 1):

Based on your primary school knowledge, fill in the table with the nouns from the sentence above:

The king remembers the hero's contribution, names him Phu Dong Thien Vuong, and builds a temple right in Giong village, now part of Phu Dong commune, Gia Lam district, Hanoi.

CLASSIFICATION TABLE

Common nouns: king,...

Proper nouns: Hanoi,...

Detailed solution:

The nouns to be filled in the table are as follows:

Common nouns: king, contribution, hero, temple, village, commune, district.

Proper nouns: Hanoi, Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Giong, Phu Dong, Gia Lam.

Answer to question 2 (page 108, Textbook, Grade 6, Volume 1):

Observe the way proper nouns are written in the sentence above.

Detailed solution:

In the given sentence, the first letter of each part forming the proper noun (the first letter of every word in the proper noun) is capitalized.

Answer to question 3 (page 109, Textbook, Grade 6, Volume 1):

Review the capitalization rules you have learned, and provide specific examples.

Detailed solution:

Capitalization rules:

- Capitalize the first letter of every word in names of people and places in Vietnam.

Example: Le Hoai Nam, Hue, Da Nang...

- Capitalize the first letter of every word in names of people and places from China transliterated into Vietnamese.

Example: Dang Tieu Binh, Beijing...

- For people’s names and places transliterated into Vietnamese:

+ People’s names: Only capitalize the first letter of their last name, middle name, and first name. For example: Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin.

+ Place names: Only capitalize the first letter of the first word, and words in between may or may not be hyphenated. For example: Mississippi, Danube, Warsaw...

- For names of organizations, awards, and medals: Capitalize the first letter of each part of the phrase. Example: United Nations, Communist Party of Vietnam, Youth Team...

Part II: PRACTICE

Answer to question 1 (page 109, Textbook, Grade 6, Volume 1):

Find the common nouns and proper nouns in the following sentence:

Once upon a time, in the Lạc Việt land, just like today in the North of our country, there was a god from a dragon family, the son of the dragon goddess, named Lạc Long Quân.

(The Dragon’s Children)

Detailed solution:

- Common nouns: once upon a time, land, country, god, family, dragon, son, name.

- Proper nouns: Lạc Việt, Bắc Bộ, Long Nữ, Lạc Long Quân.

Answer to question 2 (page 109, Textbook, Grade 6, Volume 1):

Are the bolded words proper nouns? Why or why not?

a) Birds, Clouds, Water, and Flowers all agree that the magical song of the Nightingale has awakened everyone from their sleep.

b) The young girl Út shyly offers a small plate of cakes to the king.

c) [...] When the horse roars fire, the fire burned a village, and later that village became known as the Burnt Village.

Detailed solution:

The bolded words:

a) Birds, Clouds, Water, Flowers

b) Út

c) Burnt

Are all proper nouns because they are used to refer to unique, specific entities, not to general categories of things.

Answer to question 3 (page 110, Textbook, Grade 6, Volume 1):

A student copied a poem from the textbook (page 110, Textbook, Grade 6, Volume 1) by poet Tố Hữu but forgot to capitalize some proper nouns. Please write the proper nouns correctly.

Detailed solution:

The poem should be written as follows:

Who goes to the South?

Tien Giang, Hau Giang

Who goes to Ho Chi Minh City, radiant with golden names?

Who visits the Dong Thap wetlands?

Vietnam, where the graves of French invaders lie.

Where the roots of our nation are buried!

Who goes to the South - Ngai, Binh - Phu, Khanh Hoa

Who goes to Phan Giang, Phan Thiet

Who goes to Tay Nguyen, Kon Tum, Dak Lak

Central Region, the long heart of Vietnam

Who goes to our beloved homeland?

Song Huong, Ben Hai, Cua Tung...

Who goes there with the people?

To speak of half - Vietnam's precious love

That our country belongs to us!

Democratic Republic of Vietnam!

A. MAIN CONCEPTS

1. Common and proper nouns

1.1. Based on what you've learned in elementary school, fill in the following nouns in the classification table:

The king remembers the hero's contributions, naming him Phù Đổng Thiên Vương and establishing a temple in the village of Gióng, now part of Phù Đổng Commune, Gia Lâm District, Hanoi.

Classification table

Common nouns: Contributions, king, hero, temple, village, commune, district

Proper nouns: Phù Đổng Thiên Vương, Gióng, Gia Lâm, Hanoi

1.2. Comment on the writing of proper nouns in the sentence above.

Proper nouns are capitalized, and common nouns are capitalized only if they begin a sentence (e.g., King).

1.3. Review the capitalization rules you've learned, with examples:

Rules for capitalizing names of people and places in Vietnam.
Rules for capitalizing names of people and places abroad.
Rules for capitalizing names of organizations, awards, medals, etc.
Response:

For Vietnamese names and places, capitalize the first letter of every part of the name (e.g., Nguyễn Văn An, Hanoi, Tiền Giang).
For foreign names and places, capitalize the first letter of every part, with or without hyphens (e.g., Beijing, Moscow, Obama).
For organizations, awards, and honors, capitalize the first letter of the first word in the name (e.g., Quang Trung Secondary School, Tuổi trẻ Newspaper).

2. Keep in mind

Nouns refer to things and are categorized into common and proper nouns. Common nouns are general names of things, while proper nouns refer to specific names of individuals, places, and entities.
When writing proper nouns, capitalize the first letter of each part of the name. Specifically:
For names of people and places in Vietnam and abroad (whether written in Hán Việt or directly transliterated), capitalize the first letter of each word in the name.
Names of organizations, awards, medals, and other significant titles are often phrases, where every word begins with a capital letter.

B. EXERCISES AND SOLUTIONS

Question 1: (Page 109 - 6th grade Literature) Find the common and proper nouns in the sentence below:

In the past, in the land of Lạc Việt, just like now in the North, there was a god from the dragon lineage, the son of the dragon god Long Nữ, named Lạc Long Quân.

Solution:
Common nouns: Past, land, North, god, lineage, dragon, son, name.
Proper nouns: Lạc Việt, Bắc Bộ, Long Nữ, Lạc Long Quân.

Question 2: (Page 109 - 6th grade Literature) Are the underlined words proper nouns? Why?

a. The Bird, Cloud, Water, and Flower all believed that the beautiful singing of the Họa Mi bird awakened everyone from their slumber. (Võ Quảng)
b. The young girl Út shyly presented a small tray of food to the king. (The story of Út making a cake)
c. [...] When the horse neighs loudly, the neighing burns down a village, and that village is later known as the Burnt Village. (Thánh Gióng)

Solution:
The words: Bird, Cloud, Water, Flower, Họa Mi, and Út are common nouns, as they represent types of things. However, in this context, they are used as proper nouns to name characters. 'Burnt' is a verb but is used as a proper noun here to refer to a village's name.

Question 3: (Page 110 - 6th grade Literature) One of your classmates copied the following verse from poet Tố Hữu but forgot to capitalize some proper nouns. Please correct those errors:

Who travels to the South?

Tiền Giang, Hậu Giang

Who enters the city?

Hồ Chí Minh, a city with a golden name.

Who visits the fields of Đồng Tháp?

The North, the South, the struggle against French invaders.

Where we are rooted!

Who goes to the Nam - Ngãi, Bình - Phú, Khánh Hòa?

Who enters Phan Rang, Phan Thiết?

Who ascends Tây Nguyên, Kon Tum, Đắk Lắk?

The Central Region, with its long river of history.

Who returns to their homeland, deeply moved?

Sông Hương, Bến Hải, Cửa Tùng.

Who speaks to the people, to the comrades?

Tell them, the Vietnamese people own this land.

Vietnam is a democratic republic!

Solution:
The corrected version of the verse:

Who travels to the South?

Tiền Giang, Hậu Giang

Who enters the city?

Hồ Chí Minh, a city with a golden name.

Who visits the fields of Đồng Tháp?

The North, the South, the struggle against French invaders.

Where we are rooted!

Who goes to the Nam - Ngãi, Bình - Phú, Khánh Hòa?

Who enters Phan Rang, Phan Thiết?

Who ascends Tây Nguyên, Kon Tum, Đắk Lắk?

The Central Region, with its long river of history.

Who returns to their homeland, deeply moved?

Sông Hương, Bến Hải, Cửa Tùng.

Who speaks to the people, to the comrades?

Tell them, the Vietnamese people own this land.

Vietnam is a democratic republic!