1. Reference Essay #4


2. Reference Essay #5


Reference Example 6
The story "The Adventures of the Cricket" is a representative work of author To Hoai. It narrates the adventures of the main character, a cricket, as it explores the world of small creatures. In the excerpt "The First Life Lesson," the author vividly portrays the cricket's image.
The cricket's appearance is described through its features, starting with its shiny, robust claws and sharp, curved legs. Its body has a smooth, brown sheen, and it appears sleek and well-groomed. The cricket’s head is prominent, strong, and large, while its black teeth resemble two sickle-shaped tools, constantly gnawing away like working machines. The long, curled antennae add to its majestic appearance. The author shapes the cricket’s image as a healthy, confident figure.
But the story does not stop at just the cricket’s appearance. The cricket's behavior is also a key part of its character. Using its sharp claws, the cricket proudly scratches at the grass, testing its strength. The cricket is often seen striking dramatic poses, adjusting its antennae, or casually flicking its legs. Beneath its attractive, strong exterior, it carries an air of arrogance, believing that it is about to rule the world.
Furthermore, the cricket's character is revealed through its attitude towards its neighbor, the frail cricket named Choat. Instead of showing sympathy, the cricket mocks Choat’s poverty and the state of his home. One day, the cricket visits Choat’s house and scolds him: “Why do you live so recklessly, with a disorganized house like this? Oh my, you may grow older, but you won’t get any smarter.” When Choat suggests digging a tunnel to help each other if trouble arises, the cricket dismisses it with disdain: “A tunnel? You, who smell like a filthy bird? You think I’d accept that? Stop whining about your weak state.” The young, robust cricket ignores Choat’s frailty, and it’s only after a reckless act leads to Choat’s tragic death that the cricket realizes the consequences of its arrogance. The cricket taunted the Cuckoo, ignoring Choat’s warning, and when the Cuckoo retaliated, Choat bore the punishment. The poor cricket died, and only then did the proud cricket regret its actions. It mourned its actions and realized the importance of humility. Choat’s death became the cricket’s first painful life lesson.
In this excerpt, To Hoai skillfully portrays the cricket’s vibrant character, both in its appearance and personality, in the story “The First Life Lesson.”


Reference Example 7
"The First Life Lesson" is an intriguing excerpt from "The Adventures of the Cricket." The passage portrays the character of the cricket, strong yet arrogant, and dismissive of others. It is this flaw that leads to the tragic death of Choat, another cricket. Ultimately, the cricket learns a costly first life lesson.
The author begins by describing the cricket’s physical appearance. Its claws are shiny and sharp, its legs growing increasingly firm and pointed. The cricket’s body shines with a brown luster, gleaming like a polished mirror. Its head is prominent and stubborn, and its black teeth are constantly gnawing, resembling two sickles at work. Its antennae are long and curved, exuding strength. The cricket is portrayed as robust and powerful.
Regarding its personality, the cricket has always been independent. It ventures far and wide, causing fear among smaller animals. Its neighbor, Choat, is weak and frail. The cricket’s arrogance leads it to disdain its neighbor. However, it is precisely this arrogance that results in the cricket’s first life lesson. The story begins with the cricket’s dismissal of Choat. The cricket believes itself to be the strongest and most perceptive. For example, when Choat suggests digging a tunnel between their homes to help each other in times of trouble, the cricket rejects the idea with contempt. The story escalates when the cricket intentionally provokes the angry snail, causing her to retaliate. The once arrogant cricket now becomes fearful, quickly hiding in its burrow. Choat, however, suffers an unjust punishment, enduring a beating from the snail until exhausted. The cricket watches in silence, too afraid to intervene. Once the snail leaves, the cricket dares to emerge, only to find that Choat has died. Choat’s final words, offering advice to the cricket, are: "Arrogance without thought will eventually bring disaster." Choat’s death serves as a wake-up call for the cricket. After burying Choat, the cricket reflects deeply on the first lesson it has learned.
The cricket feels regret for its treatment of Choat. It is filled with sorrow for indirectly causing Choat’s death. It blames itself for its strength yet cowardice in avoiding responsibility. After burying Choat, it is left with a deep sense of loss, realizing that nothing can reverse the tragedy. The cricket stands still, contemplating its past actions and vowing to live harmoniously from now on.
In conclusion, the character of the cricket is vividly brought to life through the pen of author Tô Hoài. The excerpt "The First Life Lesson" is indeed a remarkable piece of writing.


5. Reference Example 1
The Adventures of Dế Mèn is one of the most remarkable children's stories by author Tô Hoài. It follows the exciting journey of a young grasshopper, Dế Mèn, through various lands and the world of other animals, representing the beautiful aspirations of youth. The first life lesson comes from a vivid description of the grasshopper’s outward appearance, full of youthful arrogance and impulsiveness. After a reckless mistake, Dế Mèn learns a valuable lesson that stays with him forever.
Dế Mèn has three siblings, and a few days after their birth, their mother decides it’s time for them to live independently. This provides the perfect opportunity for Dế Mèn to explore the world, experiencing a colorful and adventurous life.
At the very beginning, Tô Hoài introduces Dế Mèn as a character with a healthy and disciplined lifestyle: "I eat and work moderately, so I grew up quickly", and soon he became a strong young grasshopper. The author’s careful observation brings to life the image of a young grasshopper with a robust body, shiny, muscular legs, and sharp, sword-like claws that can cut through grass with ease. His long wings stretch to the tip of his tail. His brown, glossy body reflects light like a mirror, making him feel proud of his appearance. His long, curved antennae and sharp, black teeth further enhance his self-esteem, making every step he takes feel proud and dignified, like a martial artist in his prime.
As we delve deeper into the description, Tô Hoài also reveals Dế Mèn’s personality: he is confident and proud of his appearance, boasting about his long, curved antennae and his strong, muscular body. However, he is also arrogant and impulsive, often teasing neighbors without realizing they are only being tolerant and patient with him. He believes himself to be great, perhaps on the verge of becoming the greatest in the world.
This arrogance leads Dế Mèn to a painful lesson. His recklessness results in the death of his neighbor, Dế Choắt, a weak and sickly grasshopper who once asked for help but was met with disdain from Dế Mèn. In one foolish prank, Dế Mèn invites Dế Choắt to tease a neighbor, not realizing that it would lead to tragic consequences. Only when Dế Mèn witnesses Dế Choắt’s death does he feel regret, but by then, it is too late. Dế Choắt’s final words—"In life, if you are reckless and don’t think before acting, you’ll eventually face the consequences"—strike Dế Mèn to his core, teaching him a valuable lesson about kindness, humility, and true friendship.
Through his brilliant use of personification, rich imagination, and vivid metaphors, Tô Hoài brings Dế Mèn to life. The author’s diverse vocabulary and natural, conversational style bring depth to Dế Mèn’s character and his journey. This masterful storytelling not only paints a vivid picture of a young, strong grasshopper but also conveys timeless lessons about life: humility, kindness, and taking responsibility for one’s actions.
Through Dế Mèn’s journey, Tô Hoài demonstrates the importance of living with humility, helping others, and learning from one’s mistakes. This story is a reminder that life is not just about self-pride but also about empathy, understanding, and the strength to admit when we are wrong.


6. Reference Example 2


7. Reference Example 3
The Adventures of the Cricket is a classic allegorical story written by the author Tô Hoài. The main character, the Cricket, is personified as a brave and adventurous figure. This tale is particularly captivating with excerpts like, "I have been independent since I was young" and "A mischief I regret for life" which are both delightful and thought-provoking.
The Cricket, in this story, is naive, confident, and full of life, yet also arrogant, aggressive, and reckless with his actions, often causing harm to others. These qualities are common among young beings, and they mirror the natural traits, dreams, flaws, and growth we experience as children.
The Cricket is particularly endearing because of his strong desire to live independently from an early age. He finds joy and purpose when he is allowed by his mother to live alone. Resourceful, he transforms his old, cramped burrow into a spacious and functional home with separate rooms, both front and back, as well as upper and lower levels. Not only does it provide comfort, but it also ensures safety in case of danger. He works diligently during the day, digging and maintaining his burrow, while in the evening, he enjoys singing and drinking the evening dew. The image of a robust cricket with strong limbs, muscular body, shiny antennae, and sturdy wings is both charming and admirable. This is thanks to his disciplined diet and constant physical training.
However, as much as we admire the Cricket, we cannot accept his habit of picking fights, especially with the weaker creatures. His actions towards the Grasshopper are inexcusable—mocking her, only to cowardly retreat into his burrow when trouble arises, leaving the unfortunate Grasshopper to face the consequences. The Cricket’s irresponsible antics ultimately lead to the Grasshopper’s untimely death.
The good news is that the Cricket is not inherently malicious. The flaws mentioned above are merely the immature expressions of youth. As a result, the death of the Grasshopper serves as a wake-up call for the Cricket, who feels regret and sorrow. Like many readers, I too was angry with the Cricket, yet sympathized with the Grasshopper, and forgave the Cricket, hoping he would learn from this experience and become a better creature.
The story continues with the Cricket’s adventure, marking his personal growth. As we follow each stage of his journey, we feel anxious and frustrated when accidents befall him. At one point, he is captured by a boy and forced into a fight. On another occasion, he is trapped in a dark burrow by a Kingfisher. Yet, it is through these challenges that the Cricket matures, learning valuable lessons. The moment we reunite with the Cricket at the Six-Chin Town, it is heartwarming to see that he is no longer the arrogant, reckless Cricket. Instead, he is now humble, wise, and honorable, understanding the value of his own integrity. When he faces the boastful Mantis, the Cricket triumphs amidst cheers, but remains modest and does not boast. He even declines the position of leader, only to accept the responsibility of guiding his group to safety through the harsh winter cold.
What stands out the most is the Cricket’s unwavering loyalty to friendship. A poignant moment occurs during his battle with the Elephant Grasshoppers, where we see him braving the bitter winter winds, traveling across barren fields, and carrying supplies to find his friend the Mole. The depth of this friendship is a rare and beautiful thing—one where companions support each other through thick and thin, never abandoning one another in times of danger.
The most touching image of all, however, is when the Cricket, after his arduous adventures, becomes a peace fighter. Throughout his journey, the Cricket realizes that all those who work honestly and justly yearn for a life of peace and friendship. War, therefore, is unnecessary. It is born out of misunderstanding, and so the Cricket ventures into the Land of Ants to speak with the Ant Queen and resolve the conflict. His efforts are successful, and we witness the Cricket raising a leaf, like an olive branch of peace, as he enters the Ant Kingdom, firmly believing in justice and his cause.
Reading The Adventures of the Cricket is not only fascinating as we follow the Cricket’s tumultuous and exciting journey, but it is also enriching and educational as the author Tô Hoài imparts valuable lessons through the Cricket’s adventures. At times the Cricket is infuriating, but ultimately, he is lovable and worthy of admiration.


