1. Reference Essay 4
When each of us does a good deed, no matter what it is, few realize that we are demonstrating our own virtue. In other words, the words of French writer M. Xi-Xe-Rong ring true: "All the qualities of virtue are in action."
Every person is born with both good and bad traits. The good side includes our virtues, which can be inherent or developed through personal effort. Action can be defined as the daily deeds that reveal these virtues. It represents the remaining part of the goodness within us. The full meaning of M. Xi-Xe-Rong's quote suggests that all good qualities must be reflected in concrete actions.
A person is not naturally known for their virtues; this reputation depends on the meaningful deeds they perform. Simple acts, such as helping the elderly across the street, offering seats to women and children on public transport, or showing kindness to others, all spring from a pure heart directed towards goodness. These everyday actions embody virtue.
As the saying goes:
"Meaning is the bud,
Words are the flower,
Actions are the sweet fruit."
When we recognize the value of a good deed, we must speak of it and, more importantly, act upon it. Only by turning thoughts and words into deeds can we truly reap the "sweet fruit" of virtue.
However, there are situations that require careful consideration. Lying is generally seen as wrong, yet in some cases, like a doctor reassuring a patient with a lie to ensure their treatment continues, it can be a noble act. Unfortunately, many people lack true virtue. They may speak of noble ideals but act selfishly, doing so for personal gain. Instead of dismissing them, we must work to change their behavior.
A good society is one where people perform good deeds, cultivate their character, and refine their soul. This stems from virtue, which embodies the best qualities of a person.
German composer Beethoven famously said, "In life, nothing is more noble and beautiful than bringing happiness to others." This idea holds true today. "Happiness" refers to the well-being, joy, and fulfillment we experience, while "noble" and "beautiful" honor these qualities. Beethoven's words reflect the concept of a life lived for others—selflessness and contribution. While everyone seeks happiness, the notion of happiness varies. Some pursue personal material or emotional satisfaction, while others see it as giving and contributing. For them, life only has meaning when one sacrifices for the happiness of humanity. Beethoven exemplified this view. Those who live for others, bringing happiness to them, possess compassionate hearts and lead lives of profound significance. Indeed, if we can bring happiness to others, our lives become truly extraordinary. This can be as simple as helping an elderly person cross the street or offering a seat to a pregnant woman on the bus. These small, everyday acts of kindness bring joy to others. Happiness also comes to us when we do something good for someone else, for society. More noble and grand actions, like the sacrifices made by soldiers and revolutionaries, bring peace and independence to a nation, offering us a form of happiness that deserves to be celebrated.
Bringing happiness to others is simple yet profoundly noble. Yet, there are still many in society who fail to perform even the smallest of good deeds. Some are selfish, bringing misery to others. In families, we must condemn abusive husbands who harm their wives and children, or ungrateful children who focus only on their own pleasures, causing pain to their parents. Why do these people bring unhappiness to those they love most? In society, there are youths who, instead of helping the elderly, exploit them through theft and pickpocketing. Those who derive happiness from the misfortune of others deserve punishment!
"In life, nothing is more noble and beautiful than bringing happiness to others." This is a humanistic worldview. If I could make one wish, it would be for everyone in the world to experience happiness. To achieve this, each of us must strive to do as many good deeds as possible, no matter how big or small, to bring happiness to others, our families, and ourselves.

2. Reference Essay 5
When we talk about human virtue, the first thing we must address is the element of action, as action is the clearest and highest manifestation of virtue. As French writer M. Xi-xê-rông said: All the qualities of virtue lie within action.
Virtue is defined as morality and good character (according to the Vietnamese Dictionary). It is expressed through emotions, words, and daily actions of each individual in their family and societal relationships.
Action is the essential quality of virtue because it both transforms and crystallizes other qualities. Action is the measure for assessing the virtue of an individual, a group, and even an entire nation. It represents the highest level in the hierarchy of human values and is also the driving force for personal and societal development.
Since ancient times, our people have placed great importance on virtue, with action taking a central role. There are many proverbs emphasizing the significance of action, such as: 'Hearing a hundred times is not as good as seeing once'; 'Skill comes from practice'; 'Words are less than good deeds.' At the same time, the people mock and criticize those who: 'Eat like a dragon winds up, speak like a dragon climbing, act like a cat vomiting,' or 'Eat only the best, but only do the smallest tasks.'
In our literature, many characters exemplify the idea that all the qualities of virtue lie in action. The honest and brave Thạch Sanh, who was kind-hearted and always ready to help those in need. The deformed Sọ Dừa, who excelled in both academics and action, eventually becoming the top scholar. The young boy of Gióng village, who could neither speak nor walk at the age of three, but when he heard the royal call for help to defend the country from invaders, he immediately accepted the responsibility. His love for his country made him grow rapidly and became a mighty hero who defeated the Ân invaders. His courageous actions brought peace to the country, and he is honored as Saint Gióng and worshipped for eternity. In Nguyễn Du’s *Truyện Kiều*, the hero Từ Hải:
Challenging the heavens and stirring the waters,
He did not care for who was above him.
He scorned and despised the decaying feudal court and always prioritized his heroic duties: 'A hero’s name calls for justice, and I shall not allow injustice to pass.' Từ Hải eagerly helped Thúy Kiều fulfill not only her personal vengeance but also the justice for the oppressed people. The character Lục Vân Tiên, from the epic poem *Lục Vân Tiên* by Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, demonstrated similar virtues when encountering a band of robbers and quickly defeated them to rescue the young lady Kiều Nguyệt Nga and her maid Kim Liên. When thanked, he humbly refused, stating: 'Good deeds need no repayment,' as he believed that helping others was the duty of a man.
Vietnam’s history has many heroes whose lives were dedicated to action, contribution, and sacrifice for the country and the nation. The Trung Sisters led a revolt on elephants to drive the Han invaders out of Vietnam, causing them to flee in fear. Triệu Thị Trinh, with her famous words, 'I wish to ride the fierce wind and strike the giant fish in the East Sea, not to become anyone’s concubine,' fought alongside her brother Triệu Quốc Đạt to resist the northern invaders. General Trần Bình Trọng, captured by the enemy, boldly declared: 'I would rather be a ghost of Vietnam than a king of the north.' During the three wars against the Mongol invaders, the people of Đại Việt were united in their resolve. From the king to the generals, from the elders in the Hội nghị Diên Hồng to the sixteen-year-old Trần Quốc Toản, they all shared the same determination to expel the invaders from the country, creating the legendary 'Hào khí Đông A.'
In the 15th century, Nguyễn Trãi’s patriotism and hatred for foreign invaders drove him to action. After his father was captured by the Ming, Nguyễn Trãi followed his father’s advice, returned to Đông Quân, and worked tirelessly to defeat the invaders. He composed *Bình Ngô Sách*, then joined Lê Lợi’s forces, enduring hardships to liberate the nation from the Ming oppression. His legacy and monumental contributions are forever etched in the history of Vietnam.
The great hero Nguyễn Huệ, also known as Quang Trung, embodied action. Discontented with the actions of the Trịnh lords and enraged by the Thanh invasion, he personally led his forces to the north, recruiting soldiers along the way and forming a strong army that quickly defeated over twenty thousand Thanh troops. His patriotism translated into swift and decisive action, sweeping away the enemy and restoring peace to the people.
President Hồ Chí Minh is another shining example of virtuous action. Deeply moved by the suffering of his people, he traveled around the world to seek ways to liberate Vietnam. After thirty years of hardship, he found the path to freedom, leading the fight to end colonial and feudal oppression, ultimately founding the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
His life, spanning seventy-nine years, was a song of action and selflessness for the nation. After Vietnam’s independence, Hồ Chí Minh urged the people to fast once a week to contribute to famine relief, setting the example by doing so first. We cannot forget the image of him visiting soldiers on the eve of the 1951 Border Campaign, staying up all night to plan the battle and ensuring the soldiers were well-prepared for the upcoming fight.
During the nine-year resistance against French colonialism, the country was victorious at the Battle of Điện Biên Phủ, and the North was liberated. In times of peace, Hồ Chí Minh lived simply in a stilt house, eating and living like the common people. His lifelong goal was to ensure the nation’s independence, the people’s prosperity, and the equality of all citizens. His moral integrity, ideals, and pure vision continue to inspire the Vietnamese people and humanity as a whole.
Over a century ago, Karl Marx, the great leader of the proletariat, stated: 'Happiness is struggle.' This quote underscores the critical role of practical action in fighting for the right to life, freedom, equality, and happiness. Marx’s view aligns with M. Xi-xê-rông’s belief that virtue resides in action. According to Marx, happiness is not a gift from the gods or a magical event; rather, it is the result of actions created by human beings. Action is the fundamental law of survival, motion, and development in human society.
Today, Vietnam is participating in the process of international integration. The global market economy requires each individual to be truly capable and virtuous. Virtue and talent are reflected in concrete actions, in the highest daily work efficiency. Opportunities and challenges are intertwined, and every young person must rise through study. 'Study, study, and study more,' as Lenin said. Education is both a duty and a right, and the act of learning is a revolutionary act. Our current practical action is to acknowledge our flaws, correct mistakes, and strive towards progress, enriching ourselves and the country. The admirable quality of today’s youth is their progressive attitude, taking timely and proper actions to affirm their value. This is the best path to demonstrate personal virtue and morality.
In the past, during the war, countless young people sacrificed their lives to protect the country’s sacred independence and freedom. Today, in times of peace, our youth must continually strive, study, and contribute to the cause of making the nation prosperous, strong, fair, democratic, and civilized, standing shoulder to shoulder with the world’s great powers, as President Hồ Chí Minh envisioned.

3. Reference Article No. 7
For Mencius, 'benevolence and righteousness' go beyond simply loving others; they must be demonstrated through tangible actions. This idea is shared by great thinkers across different times and spaces. The ancient Roman philosopher Cicero also commented: 'All virtues are found in action.'
Virtue is a set of moral qualities that exist within each individual. These include love, compassion, sharing, and helping others—small acts that define virtue. A virtuous character is the foundation for good actions. These actions are practical, directed toward family, friends, or even strangers facing hardships. The words of the ancient Greek philosopher reveal the harmony between the beauty of human character and the corresponding actions of the person.
Indeed, the true essence and virtue of a person are most clearly expressed through their actions. Words alone, without action, are empty. In life, we each express our personality and character in different ways, but the quickest and most direct way is through our actions toward others. If you see a hungry, homeless child, showing love and compassion means buying them food or clothes. If you witness someone being robbed on a bus, the right thing to do is to help them and apprehend the thief. These concrete, meaningful actions are the clearest proof of your character. Thus, actions become the most reliable and accurate measure of a person's true nature and integrity, just as the saying goes: 'Don't listen to what they say, watch what they do.'
Good actions not only bring joy and assistance to others, but they also bring happiness to the one performing them. Beethoven once said: 'In life, there is nothing more noble and good than bringing happiness to others.' Therefore, performing a good deed or a noble act brings endless joy and fulfillment to all involved.
The display of a good heart and character can sometimes be very small and simple—helping an elderly person cross the street or standing up to call out a thief. Yet, sometimes it is extraordinary acts, like the heroic efforts of rescuers who saved a young soccer team trapped in a cave in Thailand. One of the heroes tragically lost his life during the rescue mission. These acts of selflessness and heroism will forever remain in our hearts. They also serve as a lesson in devotion and sacrifice in life.
However, alongside those who live with integrity and selflessly help others through meaningful actions, there are many who live dishonestly, offering only empty words and no actual deeds. These individuals might be selfish, thinking only of their own benefit, or even perform actions driven by personal gain. Such behaviors, while appearing to help, are often done for ulterior motives and should be condemned. When we help others, it should come from a sincere heart, not from a desire for personal gain; only then do our actions truly carry meaning.
The ancient Greek philosopher's advice gives us precious guidance on life. His words affirm the inseparable connection between noble ideals, good character, and practical actions. As students, who are in the process of developing and refining our ethics, we must actively study, nurture our character, acknowledge our mistakes, and continually improve ourselves. In this journey, we may face fear, temptation, and difficult circumstances. During such times, we must remain strong and resolute to avoid moral corruption.
Love is not just words; it is action, it is doing something meaningful. If we all express love and care through tangible acts, society will become a better place, and social evils will be diminished.

4. Reference Article No. 7
Each person possesses unique traits and expresses them in their own ways, making no two individuals alike. However, we eventually come to understand that all virtues and moral qualities are ultimately manifested through actions. This is why the French writer M. Cicero said, 'All the qualities of virtue are embodied in action.'
So, what does 'the qualities of virtue' mean? It refers to the good moral values and characteristics that people hold in life. And everyone has these qualities, but the difference lies in whether they choose to express them. Not everyone is born with a full understanding of these qualities; rather, it is through a long process of learning and development that we come to comprehend what virtue truly is.
'All the qualities of virtue are embodied in action' means that good morals and qualities are expressed through our everyday actions, such as our words, behavior, and relationships with others. Gradually, we begin to realize how important these qualities and actions are, both for ourselves and for society.
Actions are considered a measure of a person's virtue and character, as well as the strength of a community, a nation, and even a country. Actions are also the culmination of numerous positive qualities.
Throughout history, our nation has always valued good virtues, encapsulating them in folk sayings, proverbs, and idioms, many of which continue to be passed down through generations. For example, 'Hearing a hundred times is not as good as seeing once,' and we also vigorously criticize the bad habits of society with sayings like, 'Speak like a dragon, act like a cat.'
In times of war, these admirable qualities were clearly demonstrated. Our country has endured two heroic resistance wars to achieve the peace we have today, thanks to the ideals and actions of those who dedicated their lives to protect our nation, such as Nguyen Van Troi, Vo Thi Sau, Trung Sisters, and Nguyen Hue. Even ordinary farmers volunteered to fight for the country. These virtues have been expressed through their actions, and even after many years, we still remember and honor these great individuals.
Especially President Ho Chi Minh, who is a shining example for the Vietnamese people with his noble actions. He devoted his entire life to the nation, embarking on a journey to find a path to save the country. He traveled to many countries, including the Soviet Union, France, and Latin America, and eventually found the way to establish the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The seventy-nine years of his life were filled with actions for the people and the nation.
Today, in times of peace, good virtues are demonstrated through daily actions, such as helping each other, sharing difficulties, and spreading joy. Don't hesitate to show kindness through small acts, as they carry great meaning. These actions create a harmonious relationship between people, and between people and nature. In doing so, you bring happiness to others and to yourself.
Remember that every individual has their own circumstances. Don't look down on or belittle others, as doing so will only tarnish your own honor. Avoid selfishness, and think carefully before acting. Such behavior will lead you to be rejected by society and make life seem dark and depressing.
This highlights how limited our personal growth and education can be. Therefore, while still in school, we must strive to learn and improve, because our teachers and schools not only provide knowledge but also teach us how to be better people.
The saying is truly insightful, urging us to reflect on whether our actions align with the standards of virtue and morality. Small actions not only enhance personal dignity but also bring joy and happiness to those around us, contributing to a more civilized and prosperous society.

5. Reference Article No. 8
Each of us has a unique purpose in life. It’s not just about existing, but about asserting our place in the world. Action serves as the proof of our existence. The ancient Roman philosopher M. Cicero once said: 'All the qualities of virtue are embodied in action.' This quote invites us to reflect deeply on our personal growth and learning.
'Virtue' refers to the moral values and admirable traits of a person. 'Qualities' represent inherent, internal values, which are the opposite of 'action'—the tangible deeds and gestures shown outwardly. Cicero’s statement holds profound truth, emphasizing that a person’s true worth is reflected in their concrete actions.
Why are all virtues embodied in action? To possess good character and integrity, one must undergo a process of cultivation and growth. It’s not by chance that someone is known for their virtue; it’s determined by the meaningful actions they have taken. If you possess a good heart and thoughts, but never manifest them in your actions, virtue remains unfulfilled. 'Don’t just listen to what they say, watch what they do.' What you observe is always more telling than words or thoughts. For instance, if you’re on a bus and think you should offer your seat to an elderly person, but remain seated, while another person quickly offers theirs, the way others view you will differ. You may not be selfish, but your hesitation in action may lead others to perceive you as such.
This principle also applies to moral and ethical training. Our mission is to 'Cultivate virtue and enhance skills for future success.' Constantly improving ourselves, helping society, and contributing to the development of our country are the ideals—the 'virtues'—of self-improvement. But if these remain just in thought and never manifest in action, they hold no value. You may set an alarm and convince yourself to wake up early to study, but when the morning comes and the cold weather discourages you, you ignore your previous intention. This shows a lack of resolve—you’re thinking, but not acting. Action is needed to demonstrate determination and ethics: regularly exercise, maintain your health, overcome difficulties, and apply what you’ve learned in real life.
Positive thoughts must be paired with meaningful actions. Whether it’s showing love to your family or being respectful to your parents, don’t hesitate to express those feelings through your actions. Even small gestures, such as helping or hugging, will bring happiness to your parents. In society, actively participating in social and charitable events with enthusiasm is key. Not only should you avoid negative influences, but you should also actively fight against them. To make the right decisions, think critically and thoroughly to avoid unnecessary mistakes. Once you understand that 'Virtue is embodied in action,' you must also adopt a well-rounded perspective, assessing situations and people with consideration for context, avoiding one-sided views.
As students, we must strive to cultivate our character and enhance our knowledge. We should love more, contribute more, and behave better to make life more joyful for everyone around us.
'Meaning is the bud; Words are the flower; Actions are the fruit.'

6. Reference Article No. 1
The noble qualities of the human soul are always a goal we strive towards. These are virtues that embellish our spirit and guide us toward self-improvement. To achieve this, we must express these qualities through our actions, through our daily behaviors and gestures. Therefore, 'All virtues are embodied in action.'
What is virtue? Virtue refers to the noblest and purest aspects of a person’s soul. What is action? Action is what is manifested outwardly, showcasing the character of a person. The qualities and actions of individuals differ, contributing to the diversity of personalities within society.
So, what should we do to attain the noble and pure qualities we call virtue? In truth, virtue is not difficult to attain. It is not something overly complex; it is simply the smallest gestures that define a person. Helping an elderly person cross the street, finding a lost child's parents, or even sharing a smile with someone you meet in passing—all of these contribute to building and refining our character. In this way, life becomes easier for everyone, and the relationships between individuals become more beautiful, making our society a 'better place for you and me.'
Virtue is simple, not complicated or difficult to achieve. However, we should not oversimplify it. Don't just think without acting and later convince yourself that 'what I do is the best.' Thinking must align with action, and these virtues need to be demonstrated through our deeds. Now, open your heart to the world around you, look at your surroundings, and begin to act. It is not difficult to cultivate virtue in each of us.
As young people, as the future generation of society, we must build an image and character through our actions, starting with the smallest deeds, so that society becomes more beautiful and better. 'For you, for me, for everyone.' And always remember, 'All virtues are embodied in action.'

7. Reference Article No. 2
When evaluating a person, we cannot simply rely on their appearance. The most important factor is to assess their character and virtues. However, it is not easy to truly understand someone's moral qualities. A person with good virtues cannot simply claim them; they must demonstrate their character through their actions. As French writer M. Xy-Xe-Rong stated, 'All virtues are embodied in action.' Actions are the true measure of a person's virtue, whether for an individual, a group, or a community.
'The essence of virtue' refers to the inner qualities of goodness, morality, and ethics in a person. A child is not born with virtue but gradually acquires it through growth, social interaction, education, and experience. Over time, individuals refine their virtues, which continue to shape their character throughout their lives. Virtue is not something abstract or mystical; it is found in everyday actions—words, deeds, and social relationships. It is undeniable that virtues play a crucial role in defining a person’s value; beauty, wealth, and status pale in comparison to the importance of a person’s virtue.
To assess someone’s virtue, or that of any group or community, one must observe their actions. In Vietnam's long-standing cultural traditions, we have upheld the virtues of good character, passing them down through generations. To truly understand someone's virtue, one cannot rely on words alone. One must witness actions before making an accurate judgment. Conversely, we must call out and criticize those who only speak eloquently without backing it up with actions. Virtue is not necessarily about grand, noble gestures. Even small, meaningful, and humble actions contribute to demonstrating our moral character. Consider the soldiers of the past or the civil servants who left their homes to fight for the nation during wartime. Their sacrifice and actions exemplify virtues such as patriotism, courage, and loyalty—qualities we still proudly admire today. In times of peace, people continue to show their virtue through small actions, such as helping those in need or simply assisting the elderly across the street. These small acts of kindness demonstrate a civilized and compassionate society.
Thus, improving one’s virtue is actually quite simple. However, we should not oversimplify it. We should not assume our actions are the best. Every time we decide to act, we must think carefully and wisely, as poor actions can negatively affect our moral character. Cultivating virtue is an ongoing process because no one is perfect. We must recognize our flaws and strive to improve ourselves, inspiring others to do the same, and ultimately contributing to the creation of a better society.
The saying 'All virtues are embodied in action' reminds us of the crucial role that actions play in assessing a person’s moral character. It encourages us to reflect on our actions and whether they align with ethical standards. Good actions not only reflect an individual’s virtues but also foster a sense of unity and community. A society where people embody virtues is a better, more sustainable society.

8. Reference Article No. 3
As the saying goes:
'Meaning is the bud,
Words are the petals,
Actions are the ripe fruit.'
This is absolutely true; the meaning of our lives depends entirely on how we express ourselves. Another thought along similar lines is, 'All virtues are embodied in action.' So, what exactly is 'virtue'? And why is it that action contains all the qualities of virtue?
First, we need to understand that 'virtue' refers to the positive qualities of a person’s character. 'Character' can be simply understood as the inner traits or qualities of a person. This is entirely different from 'action,' which refers to outward gestures or behaviors. Thus, we can interpret the statement as a reflection of M. Xy-Xe-Rong’s experience: a person’s virtues are best demonstrated through their actions. If your actions are right, then it reflects a good character and virtuous nature. On the contrary, if your actions are flawed, it might indicate that you still have room to grow, and your character may still harbor selfish tendencies.
Many people wonder how they can embody the essence of this saying. The answer is quite simple. You don’t need to perform grand or heroic acts to demonstrate virtuous behavior. For instance, every morning you might help an elderly person cross the street without worrying about being late for school. Or perhaps you gather old newspapers each month to donate to a charity supporting the poor.
At home, you show care and support for your loved ones. At school, you make an effort to study hard, behave respectfully towards your teachers, and be considerate of your peers. These actions show that you possess good and admirable virtues.
However, there is a darker side to the matter. Sometimes, outwardly good actions do not reflect virtuous intentions. Some people may perform kind gestures with ulterior motives, attempting to deceive others. Others may lack virtuous qualities but pretend to be good-hearted in order to win affection. Such actions do not reflect true virtue; in fact, they may cause others to feel contempt or even disgust. These individuals deserve to be criticized, as their actions can harm both others and society.
In conclusion, we as students should strive to cultivate both our moral character and knowledge. Approach others with kindness and affection. When you do, you will find life becomes more beautiful and your own actions will become more meaningful. Through this, you will better understand your own virtues.

