Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp (Mixed Conditional): Cách sử dụng và bài tập

Ngày hôm nay, hãy cùng Mytour tìm hiểu thêm về câu điều kiện hỗn hợp cũng như các dạng bài tập liên quan để có thể ghi điểm cao trong kì thi IELTS nhé!

1. Định nghĩa câu điều kiện hỗn hợp trong tiếng Anh

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp là sự kết hợp của các loại câu điều kiện loại 1, loại 2 và câu điều kiện loại 3 với nhau và được sử dụng trong một số trường hợp đặc biệt. Tuy nhiên, mô hình này không được thiết lập tự do mà có cấu trúc mẫu riêng biệt. Có hai dạng câu điều kiện hỗn hợp như sau:

2. Tổng quan về câu điều kiện hỗn hợp

2.1. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 1: Điều kiện quá khứ, kết quả hiện tại

Cấu trúc

Ý nghĩa

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 1 diễn tả một giả thiết điều kiện trái ngược với quá khứ và có kết quả trái ngược với hiện tại.

E.g:

• If I had won the lottery, I would be rich now. (Nếu như tôi thắng vé số thì bây giờ tôi đã giàu có.)

-> Việc “thắng vé số” không có thật, trái ngược so với quá khứ dẫn đến kết quả “tôi giàu có” cũng không có thật, trái ngược với hiện tại.

• If he had studied abroad, he would work in an international company now. (Nếu anh ấy đã đi học, thì bây giờ anh ta đã làm trong một công ty nước ngoài rồi.)

• If I had been a well-known football player, I’d marry a supermodel now. (Nếu tôi là một cầu thủ bóng đá nổi tiếng, thì bây giờ tôi đã cưới siêu mẫu rồi.)

2.2. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2: Điều kiện hiện tại, kết quả quá khứ

Cấu trúc

Ý nghĩa

Dạng câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2 dùng để diễn tả một sự việc không thể xảy ra được ở hiện tại và một kết quả tưởng tượng khác hoàn với những gì xảy ra trong quá khứ. Mệnh đề If là sự việc không xảy ra ở hiện tại và mệnh đề chính diễn đạt kết quả tưởng tượng có thể xảy ra trong quá khứ.

E.g:

• If I were you, I would have bought that book. (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ mua quyển sách đó.)

-> Hành động “mua quyển sách đó” không xảy ra trong quá khứ do điều kiện “tôi là bạn” không có thật.

• If he didn’t like that job, he wouldn’t have accepted that offer (Nếu anh ta không thích công việc đó, thì anh ấy đã không chấp nhận đề nghị làm việc)
• If I were him, I would have followed my passion (Nếu tôi là anh ta, tôi đã theo đuổi ước mơ của mình rồi)

Để có thể hiểu rõ hơn về các cấu trúc câu điều kiện hỗn hợp, bạn hãy cùng Mytour thực hành một số dạng bài viết lại câu dưới đây nhé!

3. Bài tập về câu điều kiện hỗn hợp

Bài 1: Fill in the blank with the right form

1. I didn’t invite her to the party, but I ______(hesitate) if I was good at cooking.
2. If we had bought a good map, we ______(not be) lost now.
3. If we knew where to go, we ______(not wait) for you.
4. She ______(move) to Korea a long time ago if she ______(have) enough money.
5. If I wasn’t afraid of flying, I ______(invite) you to the US a long time ago.
6. If he ______(have) money, he ______(go) to Japan.
7. If I were you, I ______(see) that movie.
8. He’d be the happiest person if he ______(marry) Sue when they were young.
9. She ______(study abroad) if she had won the scholarship.
10. She would have helped him in French if he ______(be) better.

Bài 2:  Make the correct sentences using a mixed conditional for a hypothetical present and a past action/situation

1. If I ______(be) you, I ______(quit) that job.
2. If she ______(work) from Monday to Sunday, she ______(go) to the gym on the weekend last year.
3. If he ______(live) closer, we ______(meet) each other more often.
4. The job ______(be finished) last week if they ______(know) what they were doing.
5. This flower ______(not be wilted) if he ______(water) it often.
6. I ______(not be) so uncertain if my best friend Liz always ______(give) her right information.
7. If we ______(not trust them), we______(not ask) them to stay with us last winter.
8. If she ______(know) the book was out of print, she ______(not try) to find it in all shops.
9. If Mike ______(not be) a reliable journalist, he ______(not be promoted) to desk editor.
10. If I ______(not finish) this essay, I ______(not go) to the birthday party last night.

Bài 3: Make the correct sentences using a mixed conditional for a hypothetical past and a present action/situation

1. If John ______(not sell) his car, he ______(give) you a lift.
2. We ______(not be) in a mess now if they ______(do) their work properly.
3. I ______(work) harder today if my boss ______(ask) my health.
4. If we ______(travel) by bus, we ______(not have) to pay so much now.
5. That music show ______(be) turning now if he ______(not turn) off the TV.
6. If I ______(tell) him clearly about what I wanted, he ______(not be) making those mistakes now.
7. If they ______(listen) to us, they ______(not be) lost now.
8. If they ______(hang) that picture higher, people ______(see) it clearly.
9. If we ______(book) the tickets in advance, we ______(not have) to wait now.
10. If he ______(stay) in Japan a few years longer, he ______(speak) Japanese fluently.

Bài 4: Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning

1. I don’t have an IELTS degree, so I didn’t get the job.
2. My brother didn’t book the seats for the new Marvel movie. He’s worried now.
3. You worked hard last night. That’s why you’re exhausted now.
4. David doesn’t speak Korean, so he couldn’t transcript Korean books.
5. I didn’t take the management course at college. That’s why I don’t have so many job opportunities.

Bài 5: Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning

1. I do not have time. I didn’t travel last year.
2. Rachel didn’t learn how to drive, so she cannot visit her distant relatives.
3. Because his family is rich, his parents have spoiled him.
4. I left before they came so that they still don’t know me.
5. I went to bed early so I got up early today.
6. 6.Chandler is exhausted because he went out and partied all night.
7. Monica is still mad because Chandler smoked.

Bài 6: Fill in the blank with the right form

1. We (have) __ enough time if we wanted to see the castle.
2. In case you (buy) __ a car, will you teach me to drive?
3. She (get) __ angry if you had told her.
4. If they (support) __ our product when we asked them, they would get a discount now.
5. Even if I (ask) __ him, he won’t come.
6. It will be a disaster unless Joyce (help) __ us.
7. If you (have) __ something to eat in the morning, you wouldn’t feel sick now.
8. I wouldn’t risk it if I (be) __ you.
9. The chicken isn’t very good. It (taste) __ better if you had put some spices on it.
10. I won’t go to the dance unless you (join) __ me.
11. If the hotel in Paris had been full, we __ somewhere else. (stay)
12. If I got the job, I __ grateful to you. (be)
13. Unless she (fail) __ the test she will get her driving license next week.

Đáp án:

Bài 1: Fill in the blank with the right form

1. wouldn’t have hesitated
2. wouldn’t be
3. wouldn’t have waited
4. would have moved – had
5. would have invited
6. had – would have gone
7. would have seen
8. married
9. would study abroad
10. was

Bài 2:  Make the correct sentences using a mixed conditional for a hypothetical present and a past action/situation

1. were – would have quitted
2. worked – would have gone
3. lived – would have met
4. would have been finished – knew
5. wouldn’t have been wilted – watered
6. wouldn’t have been – gave
7. didn’t trust – wouldn’t have asked
8. knew – wouldn’t have tried
9. weren’t – wouldn’t have been promoted
10. didn’t finish – wouldn’t have gone

Bài 3: Make the correct sentences using a mixed conditional for a hypothetical past and a present action/situation

1. hadn’t sold – would give
2. wouldn’t be – had done
3. would work – had asked
4. had traveled – wouldn’t have
5. would be – hadn’t turned
6. had told – wouldn’t be
7. had listened – wouldn’t be
8. had hung – would see
9. had booked – wouldn’t have
10. had stayed – would speak

Bài 4: Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning

1. If I had an IELTS degree, I would have got the job.
2. If my brother had booked the seats for the new Marvel movie, he wouldn’t be worried now.
3. If you hadn’t worked hard last night, you wouldn’t be exhausted now.
4. If David spoke Korean, he could have transcripted Korean books.
5. If I had taken the management course at college, I would have so many job opportunities.

Bài 5: Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning

1. If I had time, I would have traveled last year.
2. If Rachel had learnt how to drive, she could visit her distant relatives.
3. If his family wasn’t rich, his parents wouldn’t have spoiled him.
4. If I hadn’t left before they came, they would know who I am.
5. If I hadn’t gone to bed early, I wouldn’t have got up early today.
6. Chandler wouldn’t be exhausted if he hadn’t gone out and partied all night.
7. Monica would be mad if Chandler hadn’t smoked.

Bài 6: Fill in the blank with the right form

1. would have
2. buy
3. would have got
4. had supported
5. ask
6. helps
7. had had
8. were
9. would taste
10. join
11. would have stayed
12. would be
13. fails