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Hanoi, the ancient city, always holds many mysteries, igniting the passion for exploration in travelers. Have you fully grasped all about the capital city of Hanoi? Let's explore with Klook Vietnam!
Where is Hanoi Located?
Hanoi is situated in the northwest direction of the fertile Red River Delta. To the East, it borders Bac Giang, Bac Ninh, Hung Yen; to the West, it adjoins Hoa Binh, Phu Tho; to the South, it connects with Ha Nam, Hoa Binh; and to the North, it is adjacent to Thai Nguyen, Vinh Phuc.
Hanoi is currently the capital of Vietnam and also one of the centrally-governed cities playing a crucial economic role.
What is the Area of Hanoi?
Hanoi covers an area of 3358.6km², accounting for 1% of the country's total area, ranking 41st out of 63 provinces.
What is the Population of Hanoi?
According to statistics from the General Statistics Office, as of 2021, the average population in Hanoi is about 8.33 million people. However, according to the World Population Review, the population of Hanoi is estimated to be 5,253,385 people in 2023.
The average population density of Hanoi is 2,398 people/km². The most densely populated districts include Hai Ba Trung District, Hoan Kiem District, Thanh Xuan District, Hoang Mai District, and Ba Dinh District.
Why Does Hanoi Have 36 Streets and Wards?
Have you ever wondered why Hanoi has 36 streets and wards? In December 1748, King Le Hien Tong divided Thang Long into 36 streets and wards within the jurisdiction of Vinh Xuong district and Quang Duc district. In addition, the number 36 in the folk belief of ancient times was considered a lucky number and also appeared in literary works and military tactics.
Hanoi, the capital city, is inseparable from its 36 ancient, bustling streets and wards, which hold countless cultural and historical values spanning centuries. It's a historic urban area dating back to the Ly - Tran period, characterized by traditional Vietnamese architecture.
Why Are Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City the Two Largest Industrial Centers in Vietnam?
The success of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, the two major industrial capitals of Vietnam, is not merely coincidental but the result of a series of coexisting factors:
1. Favorable geographical location: Both cities are strategically located on the national map, facilitating trade and economic development.
2. Robust infrastructure: Strong investment in infrastructure has created a conducive business environment, driving sustainable development.
3. Diverse workforce: The presence of a large and diverse workforce has contributed significantly to the labor force of these two cities.
4. Attracting foreign investment: Both Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City attract numerous foreign investment projects, contributing to their development.
5. Large consumer market: Dense population and high consumer demand have created a potential and sizable market that businesses can leverage.
6. Flexible economic policies: Both cities have implemented flexible economic policies to attract investment and create conditions for business development.
Why Does Hanoi Have Many Lakes?
Hanoi translates to 'surrounded by many rivers,' reflecting the city's characteristic geographical features. The partial filling of ancient rivers like Ngoc Ha, To River, Nhue River, Nhi Ha River, To Lich River, etc., has formed numerous lakes.
How Many Lakes Are There in Hanoi?
The list of lakes in Hanoi is rich and diverse, formed over thousands of years by the Red River and its tributaries. Currently, there are no official statistics on the number of lakes in Hanoi. However, a preliminary estimate suggests that Hanoi has more than 20 lakes, ranging from natural to artificial ones.
Below is a list of 5 famous lakes in Hanoi, each with its own uniqueness:
1. Hoan Kiem Lake (Sword Lake): Considered the 'heart of Hanoi,' Hoan Kiem Lake is a cultural and historical symbol of the city, where you can learn about the legendary story of the Turtle God and other important relics.
2. West Lake: Famous for its romantic beauty and stunning landscapes, West Lake is one of the largest lakes in Hanoi, attracting tourists and locals alike, especially at night.
3. Truc Bach Lake: With its clear water and peaceful scenery, Truc Bach Lake is an ideal destination for relaxation and enjoying tranquil surroundings.
4. Bay Mau Lake: Located within the precincts of Ba Bo Temple, Bay Mau Lake has a sacred atmosphere, and many people come here to learn about the history and honor the deities.
5. Lake Thiền Quang: A place of solemnity and sanctity, Lake Thiền Quang is often used for religious ceremonies and meditation, serving as a space for seeking tranquility.
These lakes offer a diverse view of Hanoi's beauty and culture, worth exploring when you visit the capital of Vietnam.
How Many Districts Are There in Hanoi?
Hanoi has a total of 12 districts: Hoan Kiem District, Dong Da District, Ba Dinh District, Hai Ba Trung District, Hoang Mai District, Thanh Xuan District, Long Bien District, Nam Tu Liem District, Bac Tu Liem District, Tay Ho District, Cau Giay District, Ha Dong District.
How Many Trade Streets Are There in Hanoi?
As of now, Hanoi has 48 trade streets, most of which are located in Tho Xuong District. All of these streets are less than 1km long, with some as short as 100m. Trade streets bear the historical, cultural, and religious imprints of the capital's residents.
What's There to Do in Hanoi?
What's there to do in Hanoi? Hanoi is always a popular tourist destination in Vietnam with countless unique attractions. Let's explore some must-visit landmarks in the capital with Klook!
1. Ba Dinh Square - Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum
If you're traveling to Hanoi, take some time to visit Ba Dinh Square to pay respects at Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum.
The mausoleum houses the remains of the great leader of the Vietnamese nation. Surrounding the mausoleum is a grove of green bamboo. The mausoleum is open on Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday weekly. Note that visitors need to dress modestly, maintain order, and refrain from bringing recording devices inside.
During special holidays, there are parades and artistic performances at the square, attracting local residents and tourists alike.
- Address: Hung Vuong Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi.
- Ticket price: Vietnamese Visitors: Free | Foreign Visitors: 25,000 VND/person
2. Hoan Kiem Lake
Hoan Kiem Lake or Sword Lake in Hoan Kiem District is one of the most famous lakes in Hanoi. The lake's emerald green water shines year-round, reflecting the rows of trees along the shore, ancient pagodas, and moss-covered towers from centuries of history.
In the early morning, you'll see people flocking to the lake area for sports and exercise, contributing to a lively scene. The spacious lake area is perfect for leisurely strolls and visiting prominent landmarks such as Tran Quoc Pagoda, Pen Tower - Ink Slab, Turtle Tower, Ngoc Son Temple, The Huc Bridge, and more.
- Address: Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi.
3. Hanoi Old Quarter
To explore the lifestyle of Hanoi's residents, the Old Quarter is a remarkable destination not to be missed. Developed over dynasties, the Old Quarter remains a bustling hub of trade, preserving the nation's rich historical and cultural values.
Situated in the northwest of the capital with 36 bustling streets, each offering unique merchandise. You can easily find souvenirs here.
Stroll through the charming streets of the Hanoi Old Quarter and indulge in the diverse and distinctive flavors of the long-standing cuisine, such as pho, bun cha, cha ca, mien luon, and bun oc.
4. Temple of Literature
Another famous landmark in Hanoi is the Temple of Literature. This premier architectural complex is a source of pride for the capital's residents, deeply rooted in Thang Long's thousand-year history. The Temple of Literature symbolizes the education and knowledge of the feudal era, venerating saintly figures and Confucian scholars, including Chu Van An.
- Address: 58 Quoc Tu Giam Street, Dong Da District, Hanoi.
- Ticket price: Adults: 20,000 VND/person | Children: 10,000 VND/person.
5. St. Joseph's Cathedral
Located at No. 40 Nhà Chung Street is St. Joseph's Cathedral, Hanoi. It's not only a daily retreat for Catholic believers but also a picturesque spot for young people to check in. The cathedral is built in European Gothic architecture, adorned with delicate carvings and stained glass depicting biblical scenes.
- Address: 40 Nhà Chung Street, Hàng Trống Ward, Hoàn Kiếm District, Hanoi.
6. West Lake
No less famous than Hoan Kiem Lake is West Lake in Hanoi. West Lake is the largest natural lake in Hanoi. You can stroll around the lake, paddle SUP boats, visit cultural and historical sites around the lake, ... The most romantic scenery of West Lake is at sunset. Each season, the lake wears a different color, reflecting the shadows of trees under the water.
- Address: Tay Ho District, Hanoi.
7. Hanoi Opera House
Located at No. 01 Trang Tien Street is the Hanoi Opera House. This venue hosts top-notch artistic activities in Vietnam. You can visit, take photos outside, or buy tickets to enjoy musical and theatrical performances.
- Address: 01 Trang Tien Street, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi.
8. Hoa Lo Prison
Hoa Lo Prison was built in 1896 by the French colonialists. This prison held some of the most steadfast revolutionary fighters in Indochina at that time. From 1963 to 1975, it was used to detain American pilots shot down by the Vietnamese military during the destructive war in the North.
Today, Hoa Lo Prison is a site preserving numerous artifacts and valuable historical documents, attracting thousands of visitors each year.
- Address: No. 01 Hoa Lo Street, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi.
- Ticket price: 30,000VND/person.
- 50% discount for Students, Students (with ID), disabled persons, people over 60 years old,..
- Free tickets for children, severely disabled persons, revolutionary contributors, and veterans.
9. Imperial Citadel of Thang Long
The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long is a historical testament to the thousand-year development of Thang Long Hanoi. Built in 1010 under the reign of King Ly Thai To, it has witnessed many glorious periods of the nation's history.
Visitors to the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long can admire the grandeur and majesty of Kinh Thien Palace, Bac Mon Gate, Doan Mon Gate, where artifacts are preserved,...
- Address: Quan Thanh Ward and Dien Bien Ward, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi City.
- Ticket price: 30,000VND/person | 50% discount for Students, Students (with ID), disabled persons, people over 60 years old | Free tickets for children, severely disabled persons, revolutionary contributors, and veterans.
10. Hanoi Flag Tower
The Hanoi Flag Tower, also known as the Hanoi Flagpole, is located within the premises of the Vietnam Military History Museum. It's a prominent check-in spot in the Hoang Thanh Thang Long relic complex that you shouldn't miss.
- Address: Inside the Hoang Thanh Thang Long, Hanoi.
11. One Pillar Pagoda
When it comes to Hanoi, most of us will probably think of the One Pillar Pagoda. Besides its spiritual significance, this is a structure with unique artistic architecture. Built in 1049 under the Ly dynasty, it vividly depicts the religious identity of the Vietnamese people in feudal times.
- Address: One Pillar Pagoda Street, Doi Can Ward, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi.
12. Long Bien Bridge
The Long Bien Bridge in Hanoi was constructed in 1898 and remains the first steel bridge spanning the Red River still in use today. Having withstood two resistance wars against France and the United States, Long Bien Bridge is considered a symbol of Hanoi during its most difficult and trying times.
- Address: Ngoc Thuy Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi.
What to Eat in Hanoi?
After exploring 12 prominent attractions in Hanoi, let's satisfy our hunger with a list of exquisite Hanoi delicacies presented below!
1. Hanoi Pho
A visit to the capital city is incomplete without trying the traditional Hanoi pho. Hanoi pho is a renowned dish that elevates Vietnamese cuisine to international acclaim. This exquisite dish has been cherished by Vietnamese people for generations.
The main ingredients of pho include pho noodles, beef, broth made from simmered beef bones, fresh herbs, lime, and pepper. This is the top breakfast choice for both domestic and international tourists when visiting Hanoi.
2. Bun Rieu Cua
Bun rieu cua is probably not unfamiliar to travelers who love Vietnamese cuisine. Hanoi's bun rieu cua may not have as many toppings as its southern counterpart, but it has a uniquely delicious flavor.
The sweet taste of river crab, the gentle sourness of tomatoes, along with the rich broth create an unforgettable impression for diners.
3. Bun Dau Mam Tom
Bun dau mam tom, although simple, encapsulates the essence of Hanoi's cuisine. You can enjoy this dish at street vendors at very affordable prices.
Bun dau mam tom consists of: green rice flakes, crispy fried tofu, pork liver, boiled meat, herb leaves, and shrimp paste. If you've ever tried this dish, you'll definitely need to eat it several times a week to be satisfied.
4. Pork Rib Congee
Pork rib congee in Hanoi is highly favored on chilly days. As the North enters the transitional season, enjoying a bowl of steaming hot congee amidst the freezing weather is incomparable.
The most famous pork rib congee is found at Dong Xuan Market. The shop is always bustling with customers from morning till night.
5. Bun Cha
Hanoi's bun cha is so exceptional that even President Obama himself had to come and enjoy it during his visit to Vietnam. Indeed, the rich flavor of bun cha always leaves diners mesmerized and forgetful of the way back.
6. Vermicelli Thang
When it comes to the intricacy in ingredient selection and preparation, perhaps no dish surpasses vermicelli thang. Vermicelli thang not only demands deliciousness but also emphasizes presentation to be visually appealing. Therefore, this is deservedly a signature dish of the capital city that you should try at least once.
A bowl of vermicelli thang can be likened to a multi-colored artistic masterpiece with the white color of vermicelli, the yellow of chicken meat, thinly sliced boiled eggs, pork sausage, green vegetables, ... In winter, many people choose to enjoy vermicelli thang to warm up and have enough energy for a day's work.
7. Pyramid Cake
Pyramid cake is famous far and wide, but not everyone knows about its hometown. Hanoi pyramid cake has an outer layer made from smooth, creamy white glutinous rice flour, and the filling is made from minced meat, wood ear mushrooms, fragrant dried shallots, seasoned just right.
Usually, pyramid cake is eaten with pickled vegetables, sesame oil, chili sauce according to each person's preference. A piece of pyramid cake costs only 10,000 VND - 25,000 VND, so everyone loves it.
8. Fried Earthworm Cake
Hanoi's fried earthworm cake is rich and savory, made from ingredients such as earthworms, eggs, pork belly, betel leaves, basil leaves, edible flowers, pepper, fish sauce, and citrus peel to completely eliminate the fishy smell. The fried earthworm cake is crispy and delicious, with a rich flavor. It is served with vermicelli, fresh vegetables, and sweet and sour fish sauce, which stimulates the taste buds.
9. Green Sticky Rice
Green sticky rice heralds the arrival of autumn in Hanoi. This fragrant and sweet dish is the childhood memory of many Hanoians. Those who live far from their hometown always long to return home whenever they see green sticky rice. The first taste of green sticky rice is unforgettable. Despite being a rustic countryside gift, there is truly no high-end dish that can surpass it in the hearts of the locals here.
Nowadays, green sticky rice is transformed into many favorite snacks for young people such as green sticky rice ice cream, green sticky rice cake, green sticky rice sweet soup,... You can visit famous green sticky rice selling spots to bring back as gifts for your relatives and family.
10. Crushed Sticky Rice
Xoi Xeo with Lotus Leaf in Hanoi is prepared according to a unique recipe, thus maintaining the essence of each ingredient. Xoi Xeo is a favorite breakfast dish for many people because it is not only delicious but also very convenient and nutritious.
Xoi Xeo features the main ingredients of glutinous rice with yellow flowers, crispy fragrant fried shallots, and enticing steam onion oil. One bite and you can immediately sense the gentle and simple flavor of the countryside. Xoi in Hanoi is very affordable, and you can find it at roadside stalls or longstanding vendors.
Hanoi never disappoints travelers. With a thousand years of culture, diverse cuisine, religious diversity, and the hospitality of the local people, it has conquered even the most discerning guests.
The answers to the questions about Hanoi provided by Klook have surely brought you some interesting insights. You must be eager to explore the beauty of ancient Hanoi, aren't you?
So why wait? Let's explore the capital city of Hanoi with Klook's classic Jeep tour, visit Hanoi and Bat Trang Ceramic Village, or experience the fascinating Hanoi photo tour. Don't hesitate any longer, let's go!
Have a wonderful vacation in Hanoi!
