Buzz
Từ vựng IELTS Speaking & Writing chủ đề Hóa học – Danh từ
| Từ vựng | Ý nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Acid | Axit | Vinegar is an example of an acid, which has a sour taste and reacts with metals. |
| Alloy | Hợp kim | Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, which is commonly used for musical instruments. |
| Atom | Nguyên tử | An atom is the basic unit of a chemical element, consisting of a nucleus and electrons. |
| Base | Bazơ | A base is a substance that can accept hydrogen ions and can be found in cleaning products and antacids. |
| Biochemistry | Hóa sinh | Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes within living organisms. |
| Bond | Liên kết | A chemical bond is a force that holds atoms together in molecules, such as in the bond between hydrogen and oxygen in water. |
| Carbon | Carbon | Carbon is a chemical element that is the basis for all known life on Earth. |
| Catalyst | Chất xúc tác | A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. |
| Chemical | Hóa chất | A chemical is a substance made up of atoms or molecules, which can undergo chemical reactions. |
| Compound | Hợp chất | A compound is a substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together, such as water. |
| Crystal | Pha lê | A crystal is a solid material with a regular repeating pattern of atoms, such as salt crystals. |
| Density | Tỉ trọng | Density is a measure of the amount of mass contained in a given volume of a substance. |
| Element | Yếu tố | An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, such as oxygen. |
| Enzyme | Enzym | An enzyme is a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions in living organisms. |
| Gas | Khí ga | A gas is a state of matter that has no fixed shape or volume, such as oxygen. |
| Hydrocarbon | Hiđrocacbon | A hydrocarbon is a molecule made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms, such as methane. |
| Inorganic | Vô cơ | Inorganic compounds are those that do not contain carbon, such as salts. |
| Ion | Ion | An ion is an atom or molecule with an electrical charge, such as sodium ions. |
| Isotope | Đồng vị | An isotope is a version of an element with a different number of neutrons in the nucleus, such as carbon-14. |
| Kinetics | Động học | Kinetics is the study of the rates of chemical reactions. |
| Matter | Vật chất | Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space, such as solids, liquids, and gases. |
| Molecule | Phân tử | A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together, such as oxygen gas. |
| Neutralization | Trung hòa | Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that results in the formation of salt and water. |
| Nitrogen | Nitơ | Nitrogen is a chemical element that is a key component of many important molecules, such as DNA. |
| Organic | Hữu cơ | Organic compounds are those that contain carbon, such as sugars and proteins. |
Từ vựng IELTS Speaking & Writing chủ đề Chemistry – Động từ
| Từ vựng | Ý nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Analyze | Phân tích | The scientist analyzed the sample to determine its chemical composition. |
| Calculate | Tính toán | We need to calculate the amount of reagent required for the experiment. |
| Combine | Kết hợp | The two elements can be combined to form a new compound. |
| Convert | Chuyển thành | We need to convert the units of measurement to compare the results. |
| Decompose | Phân hủy | The organic matter decomposes and releases carbon dioxide. |
| Detect | Phát hiện | The instrument can detect even the smallest amounts of impurities. |
| Dissolve | Hòa tan | The solute dissolves in the solvent to form a solution. |
| Evaporate | Bay hơi | The liquid will evaporate if left in an open container. |
| Experiment | Cuộc thí nghiệm | The students conducted an experiment to test their hypothesis. |
| Filter | Lọc | We need to filter the solution to remove any solids. |
| Identify | Nhận dạng | The test will help to identify the presence of a particular chemical. |
| Measure | Đo lường | We need to measure the temperature of the reaction. |
| Mix | Pha trộn | The two solutions can be mixed to form a homogeneous mixture. |
| Neutralize | Trung hòa | The acid can be neutralized by adding a base. |
| Observe | Quan sát | The scientist observed the reaction to study its kinetics. |
| Precipitate | Kết tủa | The addition of a reagent caused a precipitate to form. |
| React | Phản ứng | The two chemicals react to form a new compound. |
| Separate | Chia | The components of the mixture can be separated using a distillation apparatus. |
| Synthesize | Tổng hợp | The chemist synthesized a new molecule with unique properties. |
| Test | Phép thử | The test can determine the acidity of a solution. |
| Titrate | Chuẩn độ | The solution needs to be titrated to determine its concentration. |
| Vaporize | Bốc hơi | The liquid will vaporize when heated to a certain temperature. |
| Volatilize | Bay hơi | The compound will volatilize when exposed to air. |
| Weigh | Cân | We need to weigh the sample before adding it to the reaction. |
| Yield | Năng suất | The reaction yielded a high amount of product. |
Từ vựng IELTS Speaking & Writing chủ đề Chemistry – Tính từ
| Từ vựng | Ý nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Acidic | Có tính axit | The ph of the solution is highly acidic. |
| Alkaline | Kiềm | The soil is alkaline and unsuitable for certain plants. |
| Aqueous | Nước | The compound is highly soluble in aqueous solutions. |
| Basic | Nền tảng | Sodium hydroxide is a basic compound. |
| Chemical | Hóa chất | The chemical reaction produced a new compound. |
| Concentrated | Tập trung, tập hợp | The concentrated solution is highly reactive. |
| Corrosive | Ăn mòn | The acid is highly corrosive and must be handled with care. |
| Crystalline | Kết tinh | The compound forms beautiful, crystalline structures. |
| Flammable | Dễ cháy | The liquid is highly flammable and must be stored carefully. |
| Gaseous | Khí | The element is normally found in a gaseous state. |
| Hazardous | Nguy hiểm | The chemical is considered hazardous and requires special handling. |
| Hydrophobic | Kị nước | The molecule is hydrophobic and does not dissolve in water. |
| Inert | Trơ | The gas is inert and does not react with other substances. |
| Ionic | Ion | The compound is formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ionic species. |
| Molecular | Phân tử | The molecule has a complex, three-dimensional structure. |
| Organic | Hữu cơ | The compound contains carbon atoms and is considered organic. |
| Oxidised | Bị oxy hóa | The metal has been oxidised and has formed a rust layer. |
| pH | ph | The ph of the solution indicates its acidity or basicity. |
| Radioactive | Phóng xạ | The material is highly radioactive and must be handled with great care. |
| Redox | Oxi hóa khử | The reaction involves a redox process, where one species is oxidized and another is reduced. |
| Saturated | Bão hòa | The solution is saturated with solute and cannot dissolve any more. |
| Soluble | Hòa tan | The compound is highly soluble in water. |
| Toxic | Độc hại | The chemical is toxic and can cause harm if ingested or inhaled. |
| Unstable | Không ổn định | The compound is unstable and decomposes quickly. |
| Volatile | Bay hơi | The compound is highly volatile and evaporates easily. |
Từ vựng IELTS Speaking & Writing chủ đề Chemistry – Trạng từ
| Từ vựng | Ý nghĩa | Ví dụ |
| Accurately | Chính xác | The volume was measured accurately using a calibrated pipette. |
| Actively | Tích cực | The enzyme actively catalyzes the reaction. |
| Catalytically | Xúc tác | The reaction proceeds catalytically in the presence of a catalyst. |
| Chemically | Về mặt hóa học | The compound reacts chemically with oxygen to form a new product. |
| Concentrically | Đồng tâm | The circles were drawn concentrically to represent different reaction conditions. |
| Efficiently | Hiệu quả | The reaction was carried out efficiently using a novel catalyst. |
| Exothermically | Tỏa nhiệt | The reaction proceeds exothermically, releasing heat. |
| Experimentally | Thực nghiệm | The kinetic parameters were determined experimentally using a series of experiments. |
| Homogeneously | Đồng nhất | The reagents were mixed homogeneously to ensure uniform reaction conditions. |
| Inorganically | Vô cơ | The compound is inorganically synthesized using a variety of methods. |
| Kinetically | Động học | The reaction rate was studied kinetically to determine the rate law. |
| Mechanically | Máy móc | The compound was synthesized mechanically using a ball mill. |
| Nonpolarly | Không phân cực | The molecule interacts nonpolarly with the solvent. |
| Precisely | Đúng | The temperature was controlled precisely using a temperature controller. |
| Rapidly | Liên tục | The reaction proceeds rapidly in the presence of a strong acid. |
| Selectively | Có chọn lọc | The catalyst selectively promotes one reaction pathway over others. |
| Slowly | Chậm | The reaction proceeds slowly in the absence of a catalyst. |
| Spontaneously | Tự phát | The reaction proceeds spontaneously without the need for external energy input. |
| Stereoselectively | Chọn lọc lập thể | The reaction proceeds stereoselectively, favouring one stereoisomer over others. |
| Stereospecifically | Có sự bố trí cố định trong không gian | The reaction proceeds stereospecifically, forming only one stereoisomer. |
| Stoichiometrically | Cân bằng hóa học | The reagents were added stoichiometrically to ensure a complete reaction. |
| Synthetically | Tổng hợp | The compound was synthesized synthetically using a stepwise approach. |
| Thermodynamically | Nhiệt động học | The reaction was studied thermodynamically to determine its equilibrium constant. |
| Transesterification | Phản ứng trao đổi giữa rượu và este | The reaction involves the transesterification of one ester to another. |
| Unimolecularly | Đơn phân tử | The reaction proceeds unimolecular, involving only one reactant. |
Các nguyên tố hóa học phổ biến trong tiếng Anh
| Các nguyên tố hóa học tiếng Anh | Nghĩa |
| Aluminum (Al) | Nhôm (Al) |
| Argon (Ar) | Argon (Ar) |
| Arsenic (As) | Asen (As) |
| Beryllium (Be) | Berili (Be) |
| Boron (B) | Bo (B) |
| Bromine (Br) | Nước brom (Br) |
| Cadmium (Cd) | Cadmi (Cd) |
| Calcium (Ca) | Canxi (Ca) |
| Carbon (C) | Cacbon (C) |
| Chlorine (Cl) | Clo (Cl) |
| Chromium (Cr) | Crom (Cr) |
| Cobalt (Co) | Coban (Co) |
| Copper (Cu) | Đồng (Cu) |
| Fluorine (F) | Flo (F) |
| Gallium (Ga) | Gali (Ga) |
| Germanium (Ge) | Gecmani (Ge) |
| Helium (He) | Heli (Anh) |
| Hydrogen (H) | Hydro (H) |
| Indium (In) | Indi (Trong) |
| Iron (Fe) | Sắt (Fe) |
| Krypton (Kr) | Krypton (Kr) |
| Lithium (Li) | Liti (Lý) |
| Magnesium (Mg) | Magiê (Mg) |
| Manganese (Mn) | Mangan (Mn) |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | Molypden (Mo) |
| Neon (Ne) | Neon (Nê) |
| Nickel (Ni) | Niken (Ni) |
| Niobium (Nb) | Niobi (Nb) |
| Nitrogen (N) | Nitơ (N) |
| Oxygen (O) | Oxy (O) |
| Palladium (Pd) | Palađi (Pd) |
| Phosphorus (P) | Phốt pho (P) |
| Potassium (K) | Kali (K) |
| Rhodium (Rh) | Rhodi (Rh) |
| Rubidium (Rb) | Rubidi (Rb) |
| Ruthenium (Ru) | Rutheni (Ru) |
| Scandium (Sc) | Scandi (Sc) |
| Selenium (Se) | Selen (Se) |
| Silicon (Si) | Silic (Si) |
| Silver (Ag) | Bạc (Ag) |
| Sodium (Na) | Natri (Na) |
| Strontium (Sr) | Stronti (Sr) |
| Sulfur (S) | Lưu huỳnh (S) |
| Technetium (Tc) | Tecneti (Tc) |
| Tin (Sn) | Thiếc (Sn) |
| Titanium (Ti) | Titan (Ti) |
| Vanadium (V) | Vanadi (V) |
| Yttrium (Y) | Yttri (Y) |
| Zinc (Zn) | Kẽm (Zn) |
| Zirconium (Zr) | Zirconi (Zr) |
Các thuật ngữ hóa học thông dụng trong tiếng Anh
| Các nguyên tố hóa học tiếng Anh | Nghĩa |
| Acid | Axit |
| Amorphous solid | Chất rắn vô định hình |
| Atom | Nguyên tử |
| Base | Ba-zơ |
| Battery | Ắc quy |
| Biochemistry | Hóa sinh |
| Boyle’s law | Định luật Boyle |
| Catalyst | Chất xúc tác |
| Charles’s law | Định luật Charles |
| Chemical bond | Liên kết hóa học |
| Chemical equation | Phương trình hóa học |
| Chemical equilibrium | Cân bằng hóa học |
| Chemical reaction | Phản ứng hóa học |
| Compound | Hợp chất |
| Concentration | Sự tập trung |
| Covalent bond | Liên kết cộng hóa trị |
| Crystal structure | Cấu trúc tinh thể |
| Diffusion | Khuếch tán |
| Electrochemical cell | Tế bào điện hóa |
| Electrolysis | Điện phân |
| Element | Yếu tố |
| Enthalpy | Entanpi |
| Entropy | Sự hỗn loạn |
| Fuel cell | Pin nhiên liệu |
| Galvanic cell | Tế bào điện |
| Gas laws | Luật khí |
| Gay-Lussac’s law | Định luật Gay-Lussac |
| Heat capacity | Nhiệt dung |
| Hydrogen bond | Liên kết hydro |
| Ideal gas law | Luật khí lý tưởng |
| Inorganic chemistry | Hóa học vô cơ |
| Ion | Ion |
| Ionic bond | Sự gắn kết |
| Isotope | Đồng vị |
| Molecule | Phân tử |
| Monomer | Monome |
| Organic chemistry | Hóa học hữu cơ |
| Osmosis | Thẩm thấu |
| Oxidation | Quá trình oxy hóa |
| Periodic table | Bảng tuần hoàn |
| pH | Độ pH |
| Phase diagram | Giản đồ pha |
| Polymer | Polyme |
| Polymerization | Trùng hợp |
| Redox reaction | Phản ứng oxi hỏa khứ |
| Reduction | Sự giảm bớt |
| Solid-state chemistry | Hóa học trạng thái rắn |
| Solubility | Độ hòa tan |
| Subatomic particles | Các hạt hạ nguyên tử |
| Thermodynamics | Nhiệt động học |
Các thuật ngữ và viết tắt trong lĩnh vực hóa học tiếng Anh
| Thuật ngữ và viết tắt chuyên ngành | Ý nghĩa |
| AC – Alternating current | Dòng điện xoay chiều |
| DC – Direct current | Dòng điện một chiều |
| UV – Ultraviolet | Tia cực tím |
| IR – Infrared | Hồng ngoại |
| NMR – Nuclear magnetic resonance | Cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân |
| MS – Mass spectrometry | Khối phổ |
| TLC – Thin-layer chromatography | Sắc ký lớp mỏng |
| GC – Gas chromatography | Sắc ký khí |
| HPLC – High-performance liquid chromatography | Sắc ký lỏng hiệu năng cao |
| FTIR – Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy | Quang phổ hồng ngoại biến đổi Fourier |
| SEM – Scanning electron microscopy | Kính hiển vi điện tử quét |
| TEM – Transmission electron microscopy | Kính hiển vi điện tử truyền qua |
| XRD – X-ray diffraction | Nhiễu xạ tia X |
| XRF – X-ray fluorescence | Huỳnh quang tia X |
| Raman – Raman spectroscopy | Quang phổ Raman |
| EPR – Electron paramagnetic resonance | Cộng hưởng thuận từ điện tử |
| AFM – Atomic force microscopy | Kính hiển vi lực nguyên tử |
| STM – Scanning tunneling microscopy | Kính hiển vi quét đường hầm |
| EDX – Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy | Quang phổ tia X tán sắc năng lượng |
| ICP-MS – Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry | Khối phổ plasma kết hợp tự cảm |
| PCR – Polymerase chain reaction | Phản ứng chuỗi polymerase |
| ELISA – Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | Xét nghiệm hấp thụ miễn dịch liên kết với enzyme |
| SDS-PAGE – Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis | Điện di gel natri dodecyl sulfat polyacrylamide |
| MALDI-TOF – Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight | Thời gian bay của laser được hỗ trợ bởi ma trận |
| ATR – Attenuated total reflectance | Tổng phản xạ suy giảm |
| DSC – Differential scanning calorimetry | Phép đo nhiệt lượng quét vi sai |
| TGA – Thermogravimetric analysis | Phân tích nhiệt lượng |
| DMA – Dynamic mechanical analysis | Phân tích cơ học động |
| HNMR – Proton nuclear magnetic resonance | Cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân proton |
| CNMR – Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance | Cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân Carbon-13 |
| ESI-MS – Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry | Khối phổ ion hóa Electrospray |
| AAS – Atomic absorption spectroscopy | Quang phổ hấp thụ nguyên tử |
| AES – Atomic emission spectroscopy | Quang phổ phát xạ nguyên tử |
| ICP-OES – Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy | Quang phổ phát xạ quang plasma cảm ứng |
| FID – Flame ionization detector | Đầu dò ion hóa ngọn lửa |
| PID – Photoionization detector | Máy dò quang hóa |
| GC-MS – Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | Sắc ký khí khối phổ |
| ICP-AES – Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy | Quang phổ phát xạ nguyên tử plasma liên kết cảm ứng |
| XAS – X-ray absorption spectroscopy | Quang phổ hấp thụ tia X |
| XPS – X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy | Quang phổ quang điện tử tia X |
| ESCA – Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis | Quang phổ điện tử để phân tích hóa học |
| MALDI – Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization | Giải hấp/ion hóa laser có hỗ trợ ma trận |
| LDI – Laser desorption ionization | Ion hóa giải hấp bằng laser |
| THF – Tetrahydrofuran | Tetrahydrofuran |
| DMSO – Dimethyl sulfoxide | Dimetyl sulfoxit |
| DMF – Dimethylformamide | Dimetylformamit |
| NMP – N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone | N-Metyl-2-pyrrolidon |
| TMS – Tetramethylsilane | Tetrametylsilan |
| TEA – Triethylamine | Triethylamine |
