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IELTS VOCABULARY: Money Management
1. Earn (v): kiếm được tiền
To receive payment for work performed
- to earn a living: kiếm sống
Example:
- He deservedly earned the admiration of his colleagues.
- Everyone should have the means to earn their own living.
2. Finance (n): kinh tế
Example:
- She struggled to get the necessary finance for her training.
- The banking and finance sector was booming.
- Our family finances are not very healthy at the moment.
3. Financial (adj): liên quan đến tài chính
Relevant collocations:
- financial stability/financial sustainability/financial viability: likelihood of continued success – ổn định tài chính
Example: The safety of the banking system is fundamental to long-term financial stability.
- financial burden/ financial difficulties/financial hardship: gánh nặng tài chính
Example: Is there anything I can do to safeguard against this type of financial hardship?
- financial aid/ financial assistance/ financial support: hỗ trợ tài chính
Example: There are two ways the College can provide direct financial assistance for students.
- financial independence:
tự chủ tài chính
Example: The more education, financial independence, and political power women have, the more they influence society.
4. income (n): thu nhập
Money earned from work or investments
Example:
- Every company must keep control of its income and expenditure.
- They hope that the lottery will provide additional income for charities.
- He has a large private income on top of what he earns as a teacher.
Relevant collocations:
above-average/ high/ large/ sufficient/ average/ stable/ yearly + earnings
5. Cost (n/v): giá cả/ chi phí
The amount of money required to purchase, pay for, or accomplish something
Example:
- You will have to bear the full cost of the building work.
- Money could be saved by reducing, reusing and recycling waste because that does not incur the cost of landfill tax.
- Competition will drive the price down near to the marginal cost
6. pay (v): thanhtoán
To provide funds for purchasing something
Example:
- Women are eligible for 18 weeks maternity leave on full pay.
- The job offers good rates of pay and excellent conditions.
7. Reserve (n): tiền dự trữ
Money that has been set aside
Example:I don’t have a strong view as to how you should diversify your savings.
Relevant collocations: big, considerable, great, major, significant, substantial | estimated, expected, possible, potential + savings
- The potential savings are enormous.
8. Outlay (n): Khoản chi phí
Funds expended by a government, organization, or individual
Example: Expenditure should ideally not exceed income.
Relevant collocations:
- Annual expenditure, gross expenditure, total expenditure: tổng chi tiêu
Example: Gross expenditure of the company increased by 8 per cent in the last financial year.
- by a particular group: consumer, government, household + expenditure
Reductions in tax often lead to increases in household expenditure.
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9. Expend (v): sử dụng tiền để thanh toán
To utilize funds for purchasing items
Example:
- We’re spending a lot more on clothes than we used to.
To overspend: to spend more money than you should or more than you intended to – Chi tiêu quá mức
Relevant collocations:
- money well spent: tiêu tiền xứng đáng
- in a sensible way: wisely
Try to be objective if you want to spend your money wisely.
- in large amounts: freely, heavily
The company spends heavily on marketing and promotion.
10. Oversee (v): quản lí
Money management: Quản lý tài chính;
Example:
If you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money management skills.
IDIOMS ABOUT MONEY AND SPENDING:
- Saving money for a rainy day (idm): keeping money for the future, or saving for an emergency – Dành dụm tiền cho những ngày khó khăn
- Money doesn’t grow on trees (idm): money is not easy to earn – tiền không mọc trên cây
- Tighten one’s belt (idm): to spend less than usual in order to save money – thắt lưng buộc bụng
- Money talks (idm): This is a modern expression which means that money is powerful, or that money makes things happen.
- Cost an arm and a leg (idm): cost a lot of money – tốn rất nhiều tiền
- Spend money like water (idm): to spend money freely as if it were in endless supply – tiêu tiền như nước
- Make ends meet (idm): your income/ salary is just about enough to cover your expenditure – kiếm đủ sống
- To run into debts (idm): to be in a position of owing money to someone or something (such as a bank or other lending institution) – Nợ nần chồng chất;
- To make a fortune (idm): To earn a very large amount of money, especially by doing something very successfully – kiếm cả gia tài, kiếm cả mớ tiền
