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Tác dụng phụ của thuốc chống viêm
Hiện nay, có hai dạng thuốc chống viêm phổ biến, đó là thuốc chứa và không chứa steroid (NSAIDs). Việc tìm hiểu về những ảnh hưởng phụ của thuốc chống viêm là quan trọng không thể thiếu để sử dụng thuốc an toàn và hiệu quả.
1. Thông tin tổng quan về nhóm thuốc kháng viêm NSAID.
NSAIDs là tên gọi chung cho một nhóm thuốc kháng viêm không chứa steroid. Nhóm này bao gồm các thuốc như: ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, celecoxib, mefenamic acid, etoricoxib, indomethacin, aspirin liều cao. Các dạng thuốc khác nhau như viên nén, viên nang, viên con nhộng, kem, gel, và thuốc tiêm cũng được sử dụng tùy thuộc vào mục đích điều trị.
1.2 Tác dụng của thuốc kháng viêm NSAIDs
Với khả năng giảm đau, chống viêm và hạ sốt, thuốc kháng viêm không steroid (NSAIDs) được sử dụng phổ biến để giảm đau đầu, đau bụng kinh, bong gân, căng cơ, cảm lạnh, cảm cúm, viêm khớp và đau lâu dài do nhiều nguyên nhân khác nhau.
2. Những tác dụng phụ thường gặp khi sử dụng thuốc chống viêm NSAIDs
Besides treating illnesses, the use of NSAIDs can lead to some unwanted side effects, affecting the patient's health. Here are some side effects of NSAIDs:
- Indigestion or diarrhea
- Abdominal pain, nausea
- Gastric ulcer can cause bleeding leading to anemia. Use additional stomach protection medication to reduce this risk.
- Dizziness, drowsiness, headache
- Allergic reactions
Using high or prolonged doses increases the risk of encountering side effects of NSAIDs. If you experience any severe side effects, stop taking the medication and consult your doctor for advice and a more suitable prescription.
3. Some notes when using NSAIDs
Like all other medications, NSAIDs have limitations to avoid reducing the effectiveness of the drug and increasing the risk of unwanted effects.
3.1 Who should be cautious when using NSAIDs?
Most people can use NSAIDs, but consult a pharmacist or doctor before using if the patient is over 65 years old, pregnant, breastfeeding, has a history of asthma, allergic to NSAIDs, or has a history of gastric ulcers.
Moreover, if there are any issues with the heart, liver, kidneys, blood pressure, circulation, or patients under 16 years old, inform your doctor or pharmacist to choose the appropriate medication, avoiding unwanted effects.
3.2 What interactions may occur when using NSAIDs?
Drug interactions can alter the drug's effect or increase the risk of severe side effects. Inform your doctor of all medications you are taking, especially other NSAIDs, warfarin, ciclosporin, lithium, methotrexate, diuretics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as citalopram and fluoxetine.
Check the labels of all medications you are using, especially those at risk of causing gastric ulcers and affecting blood clotting. You can also ask the pharmacist for advice on whether using those medications with NSAIDs is safe or not.
No specific foods or drinks are absolutely prohibited while using NSAIDs. However, drinking alcohol while taking NSAIDs can increase the risk of gastric ulcers. Therefore, you should avoid alcohol during this time.
If taking medication in tablet or capsule form, swallow it whole and do not chew to avoid discomfort and irritation of the stomach.
3.3 What happens when overdosing on NSAIDs?
Overdosing on NSAIDs can lead to problems such as abdominal pain or drowsiness, seizures, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness. Take the patient to the nearest hospital for timely emergency care.
Anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat pain inflammation caused by various factors. To ensure safety and avoid the side effects of NSAIDs, patients should read the instructions carefully before using or follow the doctor's instructions and pharmacist's advice.
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Reference: nhs.uk
