Buzz
1. Các mẫu câu gợi ý
Khi muốn đưa ra lời gợi ý cho ai đó thực hiện một việc gì đó cùng mình, chúng ta có thể sử dụng những mẫu câu sau đây:
Let's + bare infinitive
Ex: - How about catching a movie tonight?
- How about assisting her with her chores?
How about/What about + V_ing....?
Ex:
- How about going to see a film tonight?
- How about catching a movie tonight?
Why don't we + bare infinitive...?
Ex: Why don't we go watch a movie tonight?
2. Asking for prices
Inquiring about prices with 'How much...?'
What is the cost of + noun?
Example: What is the cost of this pen? (chiếc bút này có giá bao nhiêu?)
The cost is one thousand dong.
What is the price of books? (Những quyển sách này có giá bao nhiêu?)
The price is fifty thousand dong.
Hỏi giá sử dụng động từ 'COST' (giá trị)
How much + auxiliary verb + noun/pron + is the cost?
Note: auxiliary verb: trợ từ
Ex: What is the cost of this pen? (chiếc bút này có giá bao nhiêu?)
It is/It costs one thousand dong.
How much are these bananas priced at? (những quả chuối này có giá bao nhiêu?)
They are/ They are priced at twenty thousand dong.
Inquire about price using 'What'
What + is the cost of + noun?
Ex: What is the cost of this pen?
What is the cost of these bananas?
3. Quantifiers (Partitives)
For uncountable nouns, to form the plural, use the following quantifiers. In this case, the count is expressed by the quantifier, not the noun.
Example: a liter of water (một lít nước) means 'a liter' not 'a water'
a bottle of: một chai
Example: a bottle of cooking oil. (một chai dầu ăn)
a bottle of wine. (một chai rượu)
a packet of: một gói
Example: a packet of tea. (một gói trà)
a packet of cigarettes. (một gói thuốc)
a box of: một hộp (bằng giấy, bìa)
Example: a box of chocolates. (một hộp sô cô la)
a box of chalk. (một hộp phấn)
a kilo/gram/little of: một cân/gam/lít...
Example: a kilo of beef. (một kilogam thịt bò)
a liter of water. (một lít nước)
a dozen: một tá
Example: a dozen eggs. (một tá trứng)
a can of: một lon (hộp kim loại)
Example: a can of peas. (một hộp đậu)
a bar of: một thanh, một bánh
Example: a bar of soap. (một bánh xà phòng)
a bar of chocolates. (một thanh sô cô la)
a tube of: một tuýp
Example: a tube of toothpaste. (một tuýp kem đánh răng).
4. Động từ khiếm khuyết: Can và Can't
Ứng dụng (Uses)
'Can' có nhiều ứng dụng khác nhau, trong bài này, 'Can' được dùng để diễn tả khả năng làm việc gì đó của một người.
Ví dụ: I can speak English.
He can swim.
Hình thức (forms)
a/- Trong câu khẳng định
S + can + bare infinitive...
Ví dụ: He can drive a car.
They can complete this task.
b/- Đối với dạng phủ định, thêm 'Not' sau 'Can'. Hình thức đầy đủ là 'Cannot', viết tắt là 'Can't'
S + cannot/can't + bare infinitive...
Ví dụ: He cannot/can't drive a car.
They cannot/can't complete this task.
c/- Để tạo câu hỏi, di chuyển 'Can' lên trước chủ ngữ
Can + S + bare infinitive...?
Ví dụ: Can he drive a car? - Yes, he can/No, he can't.
Can they complete this task? - Yes, they can/ No, they can't.
5. Giới từ chỉ địa điểm (Prepositions of place)
HERE: Ở đây, tại vị trí này.
Ví dụ: Chúng tôi sống ở đây.
THERE: nơi đó, ở đằng kia.
Ví dụ: Nó ở đằng kia, ngay trước mắt bạn.
INSIDE: ở bên trong, trong khu vực
Ví dụ: Khách phải vào trong khi trời bắt đầu mưa.
OUTSIDE: ở bên ngoài, ở ngoài trời
Ví dụ: Xin vui lòng chờ ở ngoài.
UPSTAIRS: ở trên tầng, trên lầu
Ví dụ: Tôi nghe thấy ai đó nói chuyện trên tầng tối qua.
DOWNSTAIRS:
ở tầng dưới, dưới lầu. Example: They're waiting for us on the lower floor.
AT: ở, tại
Example: We study English at our educational institution.
AROUND: xung quanh, quanh
Example: A garden surrounds my residence.
BEFORE: trước, ở phía trước
Example: My school is situated before the park.
BEHIND: ở phía sau
Example: The dog is positioned behind the table.
BESIDE: bên cạnh
Example: The bookstore is located next to the drugstore
BETWEEN...AND: ở giữa...và...
Example: The police station lies between the bookstore and the toy shop.
UNDER: ở dưới
Example: The cat is positioned beneath the table.
IN FRONT OF: phía trước
Example: The post office is located directly in front of the lake.
NEAR: gần
Example: I reside close to a river.
NEXT TO: bên cạnh
Example: The bank is adjacent to the post office
OPPOSITE: đối diện
Example: The bakery faces the bookstore across the street
TO THE LEFT/RIGHT: bên trái/ phải
Example: A well is situated to the left side of my house, while a flower garden is located to the right side of my house.
6. Các giới từ chỉ thời gian (Preposition of time)
In + tháng/năm/tháng, năm
Example: In September of 1979 during September 1979
In + the morning/afternoon/evening (vào buổi sáng/chiều/tối)
Example: I tend to wake up at 6 in the morning. We frequently watch TV during the evening.
On + day/ date/ day, month, year
Example: on Monday On September 14 on September 14, 1979
At + a specific time
Example: at 6 o'clock. She usually goes to sleep at 11 p.m.
After/before + a period of time
Example: After 5 o'clock Before 8 a.m
Between + a time + and + a time
Example: I’ll meet you there between 7 p.m. and 11 p.m.
Possession with nouns
Besides using possessive adjectives, we also use possession with nouns. For example, to say: Hoa’s bag, Lan’s ruler, we use possession with nouns.
Add ('s) to the end of the first noun unless it ends with 'S'
Example: the teacher's book. (the book belonging to a teacher)
Mr. Tuan's house. (the house of Mr. Tuan)
The children's school. (the school attended by the children)
If the first noun ends with 'S', simply add an apostrophe (').
Example: the teachers' book. (the book belonging to multiple teachers)
My boss' car. (the car of my boss)
The girls' schoolbags. (the schoolbags of the girls)
For objects, we often use the possessive form with 'OF'
Example: the leg of the table. (the table's leg)
The conclusion of the story. (the final part of the narrative)
8. Possessive adjectives
Usage:
Possessive adjectives are used to indicate ownership of an object by someone or something. They are always followed by a noun.
Example: my pen (the pen belonging to me), her house (the house owned by her)
Some examples:
- This is my pen. (This pen belongs to me)
- His house is very nice. (The house of him is quite lovely)
- My name is Hoa. What is her name? (I am Hoa. What name does she have?)
- What is your father's job? (What is the profession of your father?)
9. Usage of 'there + be'... (có)
The phrase 'there + be' is used to indicate the presence of a person or object. When the noun following the verb 'to be' is singular or uncountable, the verb 'to be' should be in the singular form. When the following noun is a countable plural, the verb 'to be' should be in the plural form.
There + is/was/has been + singular noun/uncountable noun
Example:
- There is a book on the table.
- Some water is in the glass.tables located in the living room.
- A car was here yesterday.
There + are/were/have been + plural nouns
Example:
- On the table, there are several books.
- In the living room, there are two tables, a television, and a radio.
To form the negative, insert 'not' after the verb 'to be': There + be + not + noun
Example:
- There isn't a book on the table.
- There aren't any books on the table
In a question form, we place the verb 'to be' before 'there'.
Responses can be Yes, there + be / No, there + be not.
Example:
- Is there a book on the table? – Yes, there is./ No, there isn't
- Is there any water in the glass? – Yes, there is/ No, there isn't
- Are there any books on the table? – Yes, there are./ No, there aren't.
10. 'Be going to'
Usage:
'Be going to' is used to describe an action planned or arranged to happen in the future.
Forms:
a. Affirmative Sentence:
S + be + going to + V....
Example: I will be traveling to Hue tomorrow.
She will head to Ha Noi this evening.
We are set to go to the theater tonight.
b. Negative Sentence:
S + be not + going to + V...
Example: I won’t be going to Hue tomorrow. She isn’t heading to Ha Noi this evening. We will not be going to the theater tonight.
c. Question Sentence:
Be + S + going to + V...?
Affirmative: Yes, S + be / Negative: No, S + be not
Example: Are you planning to watch TV this evening?
Yes, I am./ No, I am not.
Will he be playing soccer tomorrow afternoon?
Yes, he will./ No, he won’t.
