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IELTS Writing task 1
TASK 1: The maps below show changes in the city of Nelson in recent times.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Example
The maps show the layout of Nelson city in 2000 and how it has changed to this date.
Overall, the city underwent complete transformations with the city becoming more commercialized being the most noticeable change.
Looking first at the Northern side of the map, the old train station in the Northwest was demolished and replaced by a high-rise hall of residence in the West corner. A more modern train station was constructed in front of the university. A tramline connecting this institution with the city center was also built. The green area in the Northeast corner of the map was cleared to make way for a new low-rise shopping center.
As for the Southern part of Nelson city, a bike rental scheme was installed in the city center. The area has experienced the upgrade of the old market to a new shop and the construction of a restaurant, bars can club and a new covered market around the city center. The road running from West to East side was also converted to pedestrian only.
Glossary
- Undergo (Undergo – Underwent – Undergone) (v): trải qua
- Commercialize (v): thương mại hóa
- Noticeable (v): dễ nhận thấy
- Demolish (v): phá dỡ
- Institution (n): cơ sở
- Green area (n): mảng xanh
- Clear (v): chặt bỏ
- Low-rise (adj): ít tầng
- Install (v): lắp đặt
- Convert (v): chuyển đổi mục đích
Analysis
Overview:
Several changes have occurred, but the most noticeable point is that this area now offers more services and amenities, and has become more commercialized.
Body:
It is advisable to divide the map into smaller sections for easier writing. In this case, we should divide it from North to South instead of East to West, as no buildings obstruct the North-South direction.
IELTS Writing task 2
TASK 2: A government’s role is only to provide defence capability and urban infrastructure (roads, water supplies, etc.). All other services (education, health, social security) should be provided by private groups or individuals in the community. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Example
Some people believe that in a community, within a community, the sole responsibility of the government lies in ensuring security and infrastructure. These proponents argue that other services should be entrusted to the private sector, as it is purportedly more capable of effectively handling them. While I agree that private companies should be involved in providing some services, I disagree with the idea that the government should leave those services solely to private entities.
Private bodies providing basic utilities is crucial in creating healthy competition for the public sector to improve their services and management. The absence of competition often leads to a perceived lack of motivation among individuals working in the public sector to provide exceptional services to citizens. This is especially evident in developing nations where long queue lines, rude and laid-back government workers are commonplace.
It is also more likely for providers of public services to become corrupted when they hold a monopoly. Since citizens do not have any alternative, managers of such institutions would rather fatten their pockets than reinvesting money on equipment or machines to better their services. Having private companies providing similar services will keep the public sector in check, ultimately curbing bureaucratic procedures and corruption.
However, the involvement of the private sector should only happen after all basic services have been taken care of by the government. In war-torn countries and extremely impoverished ones, private companies are too weak financially to be able to provide any useful services. The only option to kick start social services is for the government to raise money through issuing sovereign bonds or asking for official development aid from international organizations.
Another argument to be made is that only the government could provide basic services such as health care or education at a price that even the poorest individuals can have access to through subsidizing schemes. Thanks to this, social equality will be established. This is something that private companies are incapable of due to their profit-driven nature.
In conclusion, apart from defense and urban infrastructure, all other basic services should be simultaneously provided by both the private and public sector.
Glossary
- Private sector (n): khối tư nhân
- Private entity (n): đơn vị tư nhân
- Private body (n): đơn vị tư nhân
- Basic utility (n): tiện ích cơ bản
- Healthy competition (n): sự cạnh tranh lành mạnh
- Public sector (n): khối công
- Laid-back (adj): thờ ơ
- Commonplace (n): việc phổ biến
- Corrupted (adj): có tính tham nhũng
- Monopoly power (n): sự độc quyền
- Alternative (n): lựa chọn thay thế
- Fatten (v): vỗ béo thêm
- Better (v): cải thiện
- Keep STH in check (ph.v): kiểm soát (một cái gì đó)
- Curb (v): giảm thiểu
- Bureaucratic procedure (n): quy trình quan liêu
- Corruption (n): sự tham nhũng
- Involvement (n): sự tham gia vào
- War-torn country (n): các quốc gia bị tàn phá bởi chiến tranh
- Impoverished (adj): nghèo
- Sovereign bond (n): trái phiếu chính phủ
- Official development aid (n): khoản hỗ trợ phát triển chính thức
- Subsidizing scheme (n): chương trình trợ giá
- Incapable (adj): không có khả năng
- Profit-driven nature (n): bản chất vì lợi nhuận
- Simultaneously (adv): đồng thời
Analysis
Quan điểm: Các đơn vị tư nhân nên tham gia vào việc cung cấp các dịch vụ công (giáo dục, sức khỏe, an sinh xã hội,…) nhưng chính phủ cũng nên cung cấp song song các dịch vụ này.
Body 1: Sự tham gia của khối tư nhân sẽ tạo ra sự cạnh tranh lành mạnh để cải thiện dịch vụ của khối công và giảm thiểu các vấn đề liên quan đến tham nhũng.
Body 2: The government should not completely delegate these services to private organizations because:- Có những trường hợp họ không làm được
- Chính phủ cần bảo đảm công bằng xã hội
